Chiwongolero chowongolera - mfundo ya ntchito ndi kapangidwe

Mwa mitundu yonse ya magiya owongolera, rack ndi pinion amakhala ndi malo apadera, makamaka chifukwa chofala kwambiri pamapangidwe agalimoto onyamula anthu. Pokhala ndi maubwino angapo, njanji, ndipo umu ndi momwe imatchulidwira mwachidule potengera gawo lalikulu, yalowa m'malo mwa njira zina zonse.

Zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito njanji

Njanjiyo yokha ndi ndodo yachitsulo yotsetsereka yokhala ndi mano. Kuchokera kumbali ya mano, giya yoyendetsa imakanizidwa motsutsana nayo. Chiwongolero chachitsulo chowongolera chimagawanika ku pinion shaft. Helical gearing nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa imakhala chete komanso imatha kutumiza katundu wambiri.

Pamene chiwongolerocho chikuzunguliridwa, dalaivala, akugwira ntchito limodzi ndi chiwongolero cha mphamvu, amayendetsa chiwongolero kumalo omwe akufuna. Malekezero a njanji kudzera m'magulu a mpira amachitira pazitsulo zowongolera. Mu gawo la ndodo, zolumikizira zolumikizira zala zala ndi nsonga za mpira wowongolera zimayikidwa. Pamapeto pake, mphamvu yoyendetsa imafalikira kudzera mu mkono wa pivot kupita ku knuckle, hub, ndi chiwongolero kumbali zonse. Kukonzekera kumapangidwa m'njira yoti mphira usasunthike pagawo lolumikizana, ndipo gudumu lililonse limayenda motsatira mbali ya radius yomwe mukufuna.

Kapangidwe ka rack ndi pinion chiwongolero

Njira yodziwika bwino imaphatikizapo:

• nyumba yomwe mbali zonse zili, zokhala ndi zikwama zomangira ku chishango chamoto kapena chimango;
• choyikapo zida;
• zitsulo zamtundu wa manja zomwe njanji imakhazikika pamene ikuyenda;
• tsinde lolowera, lomwe nthawi zambiri limayikidwa mu mayendedwe odzigudubuza (singano);
• chipangizo chosinthira kusiyana kwa chinkhoswe kuchokera ku cracker yodzaza kasupe ndi mtedza wosintha;
• kumanga nsapato za ndodo.

Nthawi zina makinawo amakhala ndi damper yakunja, yopangidwira kuchepetsa chimodzi mwazovuta za rack ndi pinion - kufalikira kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa kugwedezeka kwa chiwongolero kuchokera ku mawilo omwe akugwera pakusagwirizana. Damper ndi cholumikizira cholumikizira chowoneka bwino cha telescopic, chofanana ndi chomwe chimayikidwa muzoyimitsidwa. Kumapeto kumodzi kumalumikizidwa ndi njanji, ndipo kumapeto kwina kwa subframe. Zotsatira zonse zimachepetsedwa ndi ma shock absorber hydraulics.

Njira zosavuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto opepuka kwambiri zilibe chiwongolero chamagetsi. Koma njanji zambiri zimakhala nazo muzolemba zake. Makina opangira ma hydraulic booster actuator amaphatikizidwa munyumba yopangira rack, zokhazo zolumikizira mizere ya hydraulic kumanja ndi kumanzere kwa pistoni zimatuluka.

Wogawa mu mawonekedwe a spool valve ndi gawo la torsion bar amamangidwa mu thupi la shaft yolowera ya rack ndi pinion mechanism. Kutengera kukula ndi kuwongolera kwa mphamvu yomwe dalaivala amagwiritsira ntchito, kupotoza kapamwamba ka torsion, spool imatsegulidwa kumanzere kapena kumanja kwa hydraulic cylinder fittings, kupanga kukakamiza pamenepo ndikuthandizira dalaivala kusuntha njanji.

Nthawi zina zinthu za amplifier yamagetsi zimamangidwanso mu makina opangirako ngati palibe chowongolera. Direct njanji ndimakonda. Pankhaniyi, pachivundikirocho ali ndi galimoto magetsi ndi gearbox ndi yachiwiri pagalimoto giya. Zimagwira ntchito mofanana ndi yaikulu pamodzi ndi mfundo zosiyana za gear pa njanji. Chitsogozo ndi kukula kwa kuyesetsa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi gawo lowongolera zamagetsi, lomwe limalandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku cholumikizira shaft torsion twist sensor ndikupanga mphamvu yapano kugalimoto yamagetsi.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa makina okhala ndi njanji

Zina mwa ubwino ndi izi:

• chiwongolero chapamwamba kwambiri;
• kuonetsetsa kuti chiwongolero chikuwonekera, ngakhale chokhala ndi amplifier;
• kuphatikizika kwa msonkhano ndi kuphweka kwa mapangidwe apangidwe m'dera la chishango chamoto;
• kulemera kochepa komanso mtengo wotsika;
• kuyanjana kwabwino ndi ma hydraulic boosters okalamba komanso EUR yamakono;
• kusungika kokwanira, zida zokonzetsera zimapangidwa;
• kusafuna kudzoza ndi kukonza pafupipafupi.

Palinso zovuta:

• kuwonekera kwakukulu kwa chiwongolero ngati kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'misewu yovuta, popanda ma dampers ndi ma amplifiers othamanga kwambiri, woyendetsa akhoza kuvulala;
• phokoso ngati kugogoda pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, pamene kuvala kumachitika mosagwirizana, kusiyana sikungasinthidwe.

Kuphatikizika kwa ubwino ndi kuipa kwa ntchito ya rack ndi pinion kumatanthawuza kukula kwake - awa ndi magalimoto, kuphatikizapo magalimoto oyendetsa masewera, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamisewu yabwino pa liwiro lalikulu. Pankhaniyi, chivundikirocho chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ndipo chili patsogolo pa njira zina zonse zowongolera potengera mikhalidwe ya ogula.

Kukonzekera kwa makina nthawi zina kumachitika pofuna kuchepetsa kusiyana pamene kugogoda kukuwonekera. Tsoka ilo, pazifukwa za zovala zosagwirizana zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, izi sizingatheke nthawi zonse. Zikatero, makinawo adzasinthidwa kukhala msonkhano, nthawi zambiri ndi fakitale yobwezeretsedwa. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zida zokonzekera kumathetsa kugogoda kokha muzitsulo ndi zitsulo zothandizira, koma osati kuvala kwa gear pair. Koma ambiri, moyo utumiki wa limagwirira ndithu mkulu, ndi mtengo wa zigawo zatsopano ndithu zovomerezeka.