Udindo wa fani mu kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi

Kutumiza kwa kutentha komwe kumapangidwa panthawi yoyendetsa galimoto kupita kumlengalenga kumafuna kuwomba kosalekeza kwa radiator ya dongosolo lozizira. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wothamanga kwambiri womwe ukubwera sikokwanira pa izi. Pa liwiro lotsika komanso kuyimitsidwa kwathunthu, fan yoziziritsa yopangidwa mwapadera imabwera.

Chithunzi chojambula chojambulira mpweya mu radiator

N'zotheka kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya umadutsa mumtundu wa zisa za radiator m'njira ziwiri - kukakamiza mpweya motsatira njira yachilengedwe kuchokera kunja kapena kupanga vacuum kuchokera mkati. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu, makamaka ngati dongosolo la zishango za mpweya - ma diffusers amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amapereka chiwongolero chochepa cha chipwirikiti chopanda phindu kuzungulira ma fan.

Chifukwa chake, pali njira ziwiri zomwe zimapangidwira kupanga kuwomba. Poyamba, fani ili pa injini kapena chimango cha radiator mu chipinda cha injini ndipo imapanga kuthamanga kwa injini, kutenga mpweya kuchokera kunja ndikudutsa pa radiator. Pofuna kuteteza masamba kuti asagwire ntchito, malo pakati pa radiator ndi chopondera amatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndi pulasitiki kapena zitsulo zotulutsa zitsulo. Mawonekedwe ake amalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito malo ochulukirapo a uchi, popeza mawonekedwe a fan nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa kwambiri kuposa miyeso ya geometrical ya heatsink.

Pamene choyikapo chili kumbali yakutsogolo, kuyendetsa kwa mafani kumatheka kokha kuchokera kumagetsi amagetsi, popeza pakati pa radiator chimalepheretsa kugwirizanitsa makina ndi injini. Muzochitika zonsezi, mawonekedwe osankhidwa a sinki ya kutentha ndi kuziziritsa kofunikira kungathe kukakamiza kugwiritsa ntchito fani yapawiri yokhala ndi zolowera zing'onozing'ono. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imatsagana ndi vuto la algorithm ya opareshoni, mafani amatha kusinthidwa padera, kusintha mphamvu ya mpweya kutengera katundu ndi kutentha.

Fani impeller yokha imatha kukhala ndi mapangidwe ovuta komanso aerodynamic. Ili ndi zofunika zingapo:

• chiwerengero, mawonekedwe, mbiri ndi phula la masamba ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti zotayika pang'ono popanda kubweretsa ndalama zowonjezera mphamvu pogaya wopanda pake wa mpweya;
• mumtundu wosiyanasiyana wa liwiro lozungulira, mayendedwe othamanga amachotsedwa, apo ayi kutsika kwachangu kudzakhudza ulamuliro wamafuta;
• zimakupiza kuyenera kukhala moyenera komanso osapanga kugwedezeka kwamakina ndi aerodynamic komwe kumatha kunyamula mayendedwe ndi mbali zoyandikana ndi injini, makamaka ma radiator owonda;
• Phokoso la choyikapo limachepetsedwanso mogwirizana ndi zomwe zimachitika pakuchepetsa maziko amawu opangidwa ndi magalimoto.

Tikayerekeza mafani amakono agalimoto ndi ma propeller akale zaka theka lapitalo, tingazindikire kuti sayansi yagwira ntchito ndi mfundo zoonekeratu. Izi zitha kuwonedwa ngakhale kunja, ndipo pakugwira ntchito, zimakupiza zabwino pafupifupi mwakachetechete zimapanga mpweya wamphamvu mosayembekezereka.

Mitundu yamagalimoto a fan

Kupanga mpweya wochuluka kumafuna mphamvu yochuluka ya fan drive. Mphamvu za izi zitha kutengedwa ku injini m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Kuzungulira kosalekeza kuchokera ku pulley

M'mapangidwe osavuta kwambiri, chopondera cha fan chimangoyikidwa pa pulley ya lamba wa pampu yamadzi. Magwiridwe ake anaperekedwa ndi m'mimba mwake mochititsa chidwi wa circumference wa masamba, amene anali chabe wopindika zitsulo mbale. Panalibe zofunika zaphokoso, injini yakale yoyandikana nayo inasokoneza mawu onse.

Kuthamanga kwa kasinthasintha kunali kofanana mwachindunji ndi kusintha kwa crankshaft. Chinthu china chowongolera kutentha chinalipo, chifukwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa katundu pa injini, motero liwiro lake, faniyo inayambanso kuyendetsa mpweya kudzera pa radiator kwambiri. Ma deflectors sanakhazikitsidwe, chilichonse chidalipiridwa ndi ma radiator okulirapo komanso kuchuluka kwamadzi ozizira. Komabe, lingaliro la kutentha kwambiri linali lodziwika bwino kwa madalaivala a nthawiyo, pokhala mtengo wolipirira kuphweka ndi kusowa kuganiza.

Kulumikizana kwa viscous

Machitidwe oyambirira anali ndi zovuta zingapo:

• kuzizira koyipa pama liwiro otsika chifukwa cha liwiro lotsika la kuyendetsa molunjika;
• ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa chopondera ndi kusintha kwa chiŵerengero cha giya kuti awonjezere kutuluka kwa mpweya popanda ntchito, galimotoyo inayamba kuzizira kwambiri ndi liwiro lowonjezereka, ndipo kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta kwa kuzungulira kopusa kwa propeller kunafika pamtengo wapatali;
• pamene injini inali kutenthedwa, zimakupiza anapitiriza mouma khosi kuziziritsa chipinda injini, kuchita chimodzimodzi ntchito zosiyana.

Zinali zoonekeratu kuti kuwonjezereka kwina kwa injini ndi mphamvu kungafune kuwongolera liwiro la mafani. Vutoli linathetsedwa pang'onopang'ono ndi njira yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yolumikizira viscous. Koma apa ziyenera kukonzedwa mwapadera.

The zimakupiza zowalamulira, ngati ife kuganiza izo m'njira m'njira yosavuta komanso popanda kuganizira Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana, tichipeza awiri notched litayamba, pakati pake pali otchedwa sanali Newtonian madzimadzi, ndiko kuti, silikoni mafuta, amene amasintha mamasukidwe akayendedwe malinga ndi liwiro la kayendedwe ka zigawo zake. Kufikira kulumikizana kwakukulu pakati pa ma disks kudzera mu gel osakaniza momwe angatembenukire. Zimangokhalira kuyika valavu yowonongeka ndi kutentha kumeneko, yomwe idzapereke madziwa mumpata ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa injini. Mapangidwe opambana kwambiri, mwatsoka, osati nthawi zonse odalirika komanso okhazikika. Koma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Rotoryo idalumikizidwa ndi kapu yozungulira kuchokera ku crankshaft, ndipo chowongolera chinayikidwa pa stator. Pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, faniyo inatulutsa ntchito yaikulu, yomwe inkafunika. Popanda kuchotsa mphamvu zochulukirapo pamene mpweya sukufunika.

Maginito clutch

Kuti musavutike ndi mankhwala omwe amalumikizana nawo omwe sakhala okhazikika komanso okhazikika, njira yomveka bwino yochokera kuukadaulo wamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Ma electromagnetic clutch amakhala ndi ma friction discs omwe amalumikizana ndikutumiza kasinthasintha pansi pa zomwe zimaperekedwa ku electromagnet. Zatsopanozi zidachokera ku relay yowongolera yomwe idatseka kudzera pa sensor ya kutentha, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa radiator. Mwamsanga pamene mpweya wosakwanira unatsimikiziridwa, ndiko kuti, madzi a mu radiator adatenthedwa kwambiri, zolumikizira zimatsekedwa, clutch inagwira ntchito, ndipo choyimitsacho chinazungulira ndi lamba womwewo kupyolera muzitsulo. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamagalimoto olemera omwe ali ndi mafani amphamvu.

Direct magetsi pagalimoto

Nthawi zambiri, zimakupiza ndi impeller wokwera mwachindunji shaft motor ntchito magalimoto onyamula. Mphamvu yamagetsi iyi imaperekedwa mofanana ndi momwe tafotokozera ndi clutch yamagetsi, galimoto yokha ya V-belt yokhala ndi ma pulleys sikufunika pano. Pakafunika, galimoto yamagetsi imapanga mpweya wotuluka, kuzimitsa kutentha kwabwino. Njirayi idakhazikitsidwa ndikubwera kwamagetsi ophatikizika komanso amphamvu amagetsi.

Ubwino wabwino wagalimoto yotere ndikutha kugwira ntchito ndi injini yoyimitsa. Njira zozizira zamakono zimadzaza kwambiri, ndipo ngati mpweya umasiya mwadzidzidzi, ndipo pampu sikugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti kutentha kwapakati kumatheka m'malo omwe ali ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Kapena kutentha mafuta amafuta mumafuta. Wokupiza amatha kuthamanga kwakanthawi atayima kuti apewe zovuta.

Mavuto, zosokoneza ndi kukonza

Kuyatsa fani kumatha kuonedwa ngati njira yadzidzidzi, popeza si fani yomwe imayang'anira kutentha, koma thermostat. Chifukwa chake, makina okakamiza oyendetsa mpweya amapangidwa modalirika kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri samalephera. Koma ngati zimakupiza si kuyatsa ndipo galimoto zithupsa, ndiye kuti mbali zomwe zingalephereke kwambiri ayenera kufufuzidwa:

• pagalimoto lamba, ndizotheka kumasula ndi kuzembera lamba, komanso kusweka kwake kwathunthu, zonsezi ndizosavuta kuziwona;
• njira yoyang'anira kugwirizana kwa viscous sikophweka, koma ngati imatsetsereka kwambiri pa injini yotentha, ndiye chizindikiro chosinthira;
• ma electromagnetic drive, onse clutch ndi mota yamagetsi, amawunikidwa potseka sensa, kapena pa injini ya jakisoni pochotsa cholumikizira ku sensor ya kutentha kwa dongosolo lowongolera injini, fani iyenera kuyamba kuzungulira.

Fani yolakwika imatha kuwononga injini, chifukwa kutentha kwambiri kumadzaza ndi kukonzanso kwakukulu. Choncho, n'zosatheka kuyendetsa galimoto ndi zolakwika zoterezi ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Zigawo zolephera ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo zida zokhazo zochokera kwa wopanga odalirika ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtengo wa nkhaniyi ndi injini, ngati ikuyendetsedwa ndi kutentha, ndiye kukonzanso sikungathandize. Potengera izi, mtengo wa sensa kapena mota yamagetsi ndi wocheperako.