DIY woyambira kukonza VAZ 2106
Zamkatimu
Starter - chipangizo chopangidwira kuyambitsa injini. Kulephera kwake kungayambitse mavuto ambiri kwa mwini galimotoyo. Komabe, kudziwa vuto ndi paokha kukonza VAZ 2106 sitata ndi losavuta.
Chipangizo ndi makhalidwe luso la sitata VAZ 2106
Pa VAZ 2106, wopanga anaika mitundu iwiri yosinthika yoyambira - ST-221 ndi 35.3708. Iwo amasiyana pang'ono wina ndi mzake mu mapangidwe ndi luso magawo.
Makhalidwe aukadaulo oyambira VAZ 2106
Mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 80s za m'ma 221s, wopanga anaika ST-35.3708 sitata pa magalimoto onse tingachipeze powerenga VAZ. Ndiye chipangizo choyambira chinasinthidwa ndi chitsanzo cha XNUMX, chomwe chinasiyana ndi chomwe chinalipo kale pamapangidwe a osonkhanitsa ndi kumangirira chivundikiro kwa thupi. Makhalidwe ake aukadaulo asinthanso pang'ono.
Table: magawo akuluakulu oyambira VAZ 2106
| Mtundu woyambira | ST-221 | 35.3708 |
| Yoyezedwa mphamvu, kW | 1,3 | 1,3 |
| Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakali pano, A | 35 | 60 |
| Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya braking, A | 500 | 550 |
| Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi ovotera, A | 260 | 290 |
Woyambitsa chipangizo VAZ 2106
Starter 35.3708 ili ndi izi:
- stator (mlandu wokhala ndi ma windings osangalatsa);
- rotor (kuyendetsa shaft);
- chophimba chakutsogolo (mbali yagalimoto);
- chophimba chakumbuyo (pa mbali ya osonkhanitsa);
- traction electromagnetic relay.
Zophimba zonse ziwiri ndi nyumba zoyambira zimalumikizidwa ndi mabawuti awiri. Ma stator anayi ali ndi ma windings anayi, atatu omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mafunde a rotor mu mndandanda, ndi wachinayi mofanana.
Rotor ili ndi:
- galimoto shaft;
- core windings;
- chosonkhanitsa burashi.
Zitsamba ziwiri zachitsulo za ceramic zopanikizidwa kutsogolo ndi zophimba kumbuyo zimakhala ngati ma bere. Kuti muchepetse kukangana, zitsamba izi zimayikidwa ndi mafuta apadera.
Galimoto imayikidwa pachivundikiro choyambirira cha choyambira, chokhala ndi giya ndi freewheel. Chotsatiracho chimatumiza torque kuchokera ku shaft kupita ku flywheel pamene injini yayamba, ndiko kuti, imagwirizanitsa ndikudula tsinde ndi korona wa flywheel.
Ma traction relay amapezekanso pachikuto chakutsogolo. Zimapangidwa ndi:
- nyumba;
- pachimake;
- mafunde;
- mabawuti olumikizirana omwe mphamvu imaperekedwa.
Mphamvu yamagetsi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira, pachimake chimachotsedwa pansi pa mphamvu ya maginito ndikusuntha lever, yomwe imayendetsa shaft ndi zida zoyendetsa mpaka italumikizana ndi korona wakuwuluka. Izi zimatseka mabawuti olumikizirana oyambira, ndikupereka pano ku ma windings a stator.
Video: mfundo ya ntchito ya sitata VAZ 2106
Kuchepetsa chiyambi
Ngakhale mphamvu yochepa, woyambira wokhazikika VAZ 2106 amachita ntchito yake bwino. Komabe, nthawi zambiri imasinthidwa kukhala analogi yamagetsi, yomwe imasiyana ndi yachikale pamaso pa gearbox, yomwe imawonjezera mphamvu ya chipangizocho. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muyambe injini ngakhale ndi batri yotulutsidwa. Choncho, zoyambira kutengera chitsanzo tingachipeze powerenga VAZ zitsanzo chopangidwa ndi Atek TM (Belarus) ali ndi mphamvu ovoteledwa 1,74 kW ndipo amatha kupota crankshaft mpaka 135 rpm (nthawi zambiri 40-60 rpm ndi wokwanira kuyambitsa unit mphamvu). Chipangizochi chimagwira ntchito ngakhale batire ikatulutsidwa mpaka 40%.
Kanema: zida zoyambira VAZ 2106
Kusankha koyambira kwa VAZ 2106
Chipangizo choyika zoyambira zamitundu yakale ya VAZ sichikulolani kuti muyike chida choyambira pa Vaz 2106 kuchokera kugalimoto ina yapakhomo kapena yakunja. Kutengera koyambira kotereku kumakhala kovutirapo kwambiri komanso kokwera mtengo (kupatulapo woyambira wa Vaz 2121 Niva). Choncho, ndi bwino ndi zosavuta kugula latsopano poyambira chipangizo. Woyambira katundu wa VAZ 2106 amawononga ma ruble 1600-1800, ndipo choyambira chimawononga ma ruble 500.
Mwa opanga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisankhe mitundu yokhazikika:
- Electromash (Kherson, Ukraine);
- KZATE (Samara, Russia);
- "Atek" (Vitebsk, Belarus).
Diagnostics a malfunctions oyambitsa VAZ 2106
Zowonongeka zonse zoyambira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:
- magetsi (kulephera kwa zinthu conductive);
- makina (kuvala kwa magawo agalimoto).
Kuti mudziwe zolondola zoyambira, mwiniwake wagalimoto ayenera kudziwa zizindikiro zomwe zikugwirizana ndi vuto linalake.
Starter Kulephera Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro zazikulu za kulephera koyambira ndizo:
- kiyi yoyatsira ikatembenuka, choyambira ndi cholumikizira sichikuwonetsa zamoyo;
- kukoka koloko kumatulutsa kudina pafupipafupi;
- kukoka kolowera kumayendetsedwa poyambira, koma rotor imazungulira pang'onopang'ono;
- pamene kiyi yoyatsira imatembenuzidwa, phokoso la phokoso limamveka kuchokera kumbali yoyambira;
- pali kung'ung'udza kuchokera koyambira poyambira.
Mavuto oyambira oyamba
Chizindikiro chilichonse cha kulephera kugwira ntchito chimakhala ndi zifukwa zake.
Poyambira, choyambira ndi cholumikizira sichigwira ntchito
Zifukwa zomwe woyambitsa samayankha kutembenuza kiyi yoyatsira zitha kukhala:
- kutulutsa kwathunthu kapena pafupifupi kwathunthu kwa batri;
- makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa kukhudzana batire;
- kusowa kwa kulumikizana pakati pa ma terminals a batri ndi nsonga za mawaya amagetsi;
- kusowa kukhudzana pakati pa nsonga ya waya ndi linanena bungwe "50" pa kutengerapo traction;
- kuwonongeka kwa gulu loyatsira moto;
- kusweka kwa waya wowongolera kuchokera pa choyatsira moto kupita ku relay yokoka.
Zikatero, choyamba, muyenera kuyang'ana batri ndi multimeter - voteji pazigawo zake sayenera kukhala pansi pa 11 V. Apo ayi, muyenera kulipira batri ndikupitiriza kufufuza.
Kenako yang'anani momwe ma terminals a batri alili komanso kudalirika kwa kukhudzana kwawo ndi nsonga zamawaya amagetsi. Pakachitika kukhudzana koyipa, ma terminals a batri amathamangitsa oxidize, ndipo mphamvu ya batri imakhala yosakwanira kuyambitsa choyambira. Zomwezo zimachitika ndi pin 50 pa relay traction. Ngati ma oxidation apezeka, nsongazo zimachotsedwa ku batri, zomwe zimatsukidwa pamodzi ndi ma terminals a batri ndi terminal 50.
Kuyang'ana gulu lolumikizana la chosinthira choyatsira moto ndi kukhulupirika kwa waya wowongolera kumachitika potseka pulagi ya waya iyi ndi kutulutsa B kwa relay yokoka. Mphamvu mu nkhani iyi imayamba kuperekedwa mwachindunji kwa sitata. Kuti mupeze matenda otere, muyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso. Cheke ikuchitika motere:
- Galimotoyo imayikidwa mu ndale komanso malo oimikapo magalimoto.
- Kuyatsa kumayatsidwa.
- Chojambulira chachitali chimatseka pulagi ya waya wowongolera ndi kutulutsa B kwa ma traction relay.
- Ngati choyambira chikugwira ntchito, loko kapena waya ndi wolakwika.
Kudina pafupipafupi kwa ma traction relay
Kudina pafupipafupi mukayambitsa injini kukuwonetsa kutsegulira kangapo kwa ma traction relay. Izi zikhoza kuchitika pamene pali kutsika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi mumayendedwe oyambira chifukwa cha kutulutsa kwa batri kapena kukhudzana kosauka pakati pa nsonga za mawaya amphamvu. Pamenepa:
- kuyeza mphamvu ya batri;
- fufuzani momwe mungayankhire;
- yang'anani kudalirika kwa kulumikizana kwamagetsi mugawo loyambira.
Nthawi zina chifukwa cha izi kungakhale dera lalifupi kapena lotseguka mu akugwira mapiringidzo a traction relay. Izi zitha kudziwitsidwa pokhapokha mutachotsa choyambira ndikuchotsa cholumikizira.
Kuzungulira kwapang'onopang'ono
Kuzungulira pang'onopang'ono kwa rotor ndi chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwamagetsi koyambira. Chifukwa chake chingakhale:
- kutulutsa kwakuya kwa batri;
- makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa mabatire terminals;
- kufooketsa kumangirira kwa nsonga za mawaya amphamvu;
- kuyaka kwa lamellas wa osonkhanitsa burashi;
- kumamatira kapena kuvala maburashi;
- kufupikitsa chofukizira burashi cha zabwino burashi pansi;
- kusweka (kwachidule) kwa stator kapena mafunde a rotor.
Apa, monga momwe zinalili kale, momwe batire ndi olumikizirana zilili zimawunikiridwa poyamba. Ngati vutolo silinadziwike, choyambitsacho chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kupasuka. Popanda izi, sizingatheke kudziwa kuwotcha kwa wosonkhanitsa, mavuto ndi maburashi, chosungira burashi kapena ma windings.
Chotsani poyambira poyambira
Chifukwa cha kuphulika koyambira pamene mukutembenuza kiyi yoyatsira kungakhale:
- kuwonongeka kwa clutch;
- kuvala zida zoyendetsa.
Muzochitika zonsezi, choyambitsa chiyenera kuchotsedwa.
Woyamba kulira poyambira
Zomwe zimayambitsa kung'ung'udza koyambira komanso kuzungulira pang'onopang'ono kwa shaft yake ndi:
- kuvala nsapato za rotor;
- kumasula zomangira zoyambira;
- kuyika kolakwika koyambira.
Kung'ung'udza kumasonyeza kusalinganika kwa rotor shaft ndi kachigawo kakang'ono mpaka pansi.
Kukonza koyambira VAZ 2106
Ambiri mwa malfunctions a Vaz 2106 sitata akhoza kukhazikitsidwa paokha - zinthu zonse zofunika pa izi zikugulitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi zikawoneka, simuyenera kusintha choyambira kukhala chatsopano.
Kuchotsa koyambira
Kuchotsa sitata VAZ 2106 muyenera:
- zolimbitsa kwa 10;
- socket wrench kapena mutu 10 wowonjezera;
- zolimbitsa kwa 13;
- Phillips screwdriver.
Kuchotsa koyambira komweko kumachitika motere:
- Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver ya Phillips, masulani screwdriver pa hose yotengera mpweya. Chotsani payipi pamphuno ya fyuluta ya mpweya ndikusunthira kumbali.
The payipi Ufumuyo pa nozzle wa mpweya fyuluta nyumba ndi mphutsi achepetsa. - Pogwiritsa ntchito makiyi 13 mokhotakhota 2-3, masulani choyamba chapansi kenako chapamwamba cha mtedza wotengera mpweya.Kuti muchotse mpweya, masulani mtedza uwiriwo
- Timachotsa mpweya.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 10, masulani mtedzawo kuti muteteze chishango choteteza kutentha.Chishango cha kutentha mu chipinda cha injini chimangiriridwa ndi mtedza awiri
- Kuchokera pansi pa galimoto ndi wrench yazitsulo kapena mutu wa 10 wokhala ndi chowonjezera, tsegulani nati yapansi yotetezera chishango ku phiri la injini.Kuchokera pansi, chishango choteteza kutentha chimakhala pa mtedza umodzi
- Chotsani kutentha chishango.
- Kuchokera pansi pagalimoto ndi kiyi 13, timamasula bolt ya kuyika kwapansi kwa choyambira.Bawuti yoyikira zoyambira pansi imamasulidwa ndi wrench 13
- M'chipinda cha injini chokhala ndi fungulo la 13, timamasula mabotolo awiri okwera pamwamba pa choyambira.Choyambiracho chimamangiriridwa pamwamba ndi mabawuti awiri.
- Kugwira nyumba yoyambira ndi manja onse awiri, timasunthira patsogolo, potero timapereka mwayi wopeza nsonga za mawaya olumikizidwa ndi kukoka kolowera.Kuti apereke mwayi wofikira nsonga za mawaya, choyambira chiyenera kupita patsogolo.
- Chotsani cholumikizira waya chowongolera pa cholumikizira chokokera ndi dzanja.Waya wowongolera umalumikizidwa ndi cholumikizira cholumikizira kudzera pa cholumikizira
- Pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi 13, timamasula natiyo yomwe imateteza waya wamagetsi kupita kumtunda wapamwamba wa relay.Kuti mudule waya wamagetsi, masulani natiyo ndi wrench 13.
- Kugwira nyumba yoyambira ndi manja onse awiri, kwezani mmwamba ndikuchotsa mu injini.Kuti muchotse choyambira ku injini, muyenera kuchikweza pang'ono
Video: kugwetsa oyambitsa VAZ 2106
Kuchotsa, kuthetsa mavuto ndi kukonza choyambitsa
Kwa disassembly, kuthetsa mavuto ndi kukonza VAZ 2106 sitata, muyenera:
- 8 kiyi;
- 10 kiyi;
- 13 kiyi;
- screwdriver ndi tsamba la Phillips;
- screwdriver yotsekedwa;
- nyundo;
- ojambula;
- okhazikika;
- mandrels apadera okanikizira ma bushings oyambira;
- ohmmeter.
Ntchitoyi ikuchitika motere:
- Pogwiritsa ntchito fungulo la 13, timamasula natiyo yomwe imateteza waya kuti ikhale yotsika kwambiri.Kuti mutsegule waya wamagetsi kuchokera koyambira, masulani nati
- Timachotsa kasupe imodzi ndi mawotchi awiri athyathyathya kuchokera pazotulutsa.
- Lumikizani waya woyambira kuchokera pazotulutsa.
- Chotsani zomangira zitatu kuti muteteze cholumikizira cholumikizira ku chivundikiro choyambira ndi screwdriver yolowera.
- Timachotsa relay.Kuti muphwanye zolumikizira zokokera, masulani zomangira zitatuzo
- Chotsani kasupe ku zida zopatsirana.Kasupe amakokedwa mosavuta kuchokera ku nangula ndi dzanja.
- Kwezerani nangula m'mwamba, ichotseni pa lever yoyendetsa ndikuyidula.Kuti muchotse nangula, iyenera kusunthidwa mmwamba
- Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver ya Phillips, masulani zomangira ziwiri pabokosilo.
- Chotsani chophimba.Kuti muchotse chivundikiro choyambira, masulani zomangira ziwirizo
- Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver yotsekedwa, chotsani mphete yokonza shaft ya rotor.Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito screwdriver yotsekedwa kuchotsa mphete yosungira.
- Chotsani makina ochapira a rotor.
- Ndi wrench 10, masulani mabawuti olumikizira.Zigawo zazikulu za zoyambira zimalumikizidwa ndi ma bolts.
- Alekanitse chivundikiro choyambira ku nyumba.Pambuyo pomasula zomangira zomangira, chivundikiro choyambira chimachotsedwa mosavuta panyumba
- Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver yotsekeka, masulani zomangira kuti muteteze ma windings.Zomangira zomangirira zomangirira zimachotsedwa ndi screwdriver yolowera
- Timachotsa chubu cha insulating m'nyumba.The insulating chubu amakokera kunja kwa nyumba yoyambira ndi dzanja.
- Chotsani chophimba chakumbuyo.Chivundikiro chakumbuyo cha choyambiracho chimatha kuchotsedwa mosavuta ku thupi
- Timachotsa jumper kuchokera ku chotengera burashi.Pambuyo pomasula zomangira zotetezera ma windings, jumper imachotsedwa
- Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver slotted, chotsani maburashi ndi akasupe awo.Kuti muchotse maburashi ndi akasupe, muyenera kuwapukuta ndi screwdriver
- Pogwiritsa ntchito mandrel apadera, timakanikiza chitsamba kuchokera pachivundikiro chakumbuyo cha choyambira. Ngati pali zisonyezo zakutha pa tchire, ikani yatsopano m'malo mwake ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito mandrel omwewo, yesani.Zomera zimatsitsidwa ndikukanikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mandrel apadera
- Pliers amachotsa pini ya cotter ya lever yoyambira.Pini ya chowongolera choyambira imakokedwa mothandizidwa ndi pliers
- Chotsani chitsulo chachitsulo.Mzere wa lever yoyendetsa galimoto umakankhidwira kunja ndi screwdriver woonda
- Chotsani pulagi.
- Timachotsa mikono ya lever.
- Timachotsa rotor pamodzi ndi clutch.Kuti muchotse rotor pachivundikirocho, muyenera kuchotsa mapewa a lever yoyendetsa ndi screwdriver yopyapyala.
- Chotsani chowongolera pagalimoto pachivundikiro chakutsogolo.Pamene shaft yachotsedwa, chowongolera choyendetsa chikhoza kutulutsidwa mosavuta pachivundikiro chakutsogolo.
- Gwiritsani ntchito screwdriver yolowera kuti musunthe washer pa shaft ya rotor.Washer pa shaft ya rotor amasinthidwa ndi screwdriver
- Chotsani ndi kuchotsa mphete yokonzera. Lumikizani clutch ku shaft.Mphete yotsekera imatsukidwa ndi ma screwdrivers awiri
- Pogwiritsa ntchito mandrel, pezani chitsamba chakutsogolo kuchokera pachivundikirocho. Timayiyang'ana ndipo, ngati zizindikiro zowonongeka zipezeka, yikani ndikusindikiza mu bushing yatsopano ndi mandrel.Chophimba chakutsogolo chimakanizidwa ndi mandrel apadera
- Timayesa kutalika kwa maburashi aliwonse (malasha) ndi caliper. Ngati kutalika kwa burashi iliyonse ndi yosakwana 12 mm, sinthani kukhala yatsopano.Kutalika kwa maburashi kuyenera kukhala osachepera 12 mm
- Timayang'ana ma stator windings. Sayenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro za kutopa ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina.Ma stator windings sayenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina.
- Timayang'ana kukhulupirika kwa ma stator windings. Kuti tichite izi, timagwirizanitsa kafukufuku woyamba wa ohmmeter ku zotsatira za imodzi mwa ma windings, ndipo yachiwiri ku mlanduwo. Kukana kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 10 kOhm. Ndondomeko akubwerezedwa aliyense wa windings. Ngati kukana kwa chimodzi mwa ma windings ndi kochepa kuposa momwe tafotokozera, stator iyenera kusinthidwa.Kukana kwa aliyense wa stator windings ayenera kukhala osachepera 10 kOhm
- Onani kuchuluka kwa rotor. Ma lamellas ake onse ayenera kukhalapo. Ngati zizindikiro zowotcha, dothi, fumbi zimapezeka pa osonkhanitsa, timatsuka ndi sandpaper yabwino. Ngati lamellas akugwa kapena zizindikiro zowotcha kwambiri, rotor imasinthidwa ndi yatsopano.
- Timayang'ana kukhulupirika kwa kuzungulira kwa rotor. Timagwirizanitsa kafukufuku wina wa ohmmeter pakatikati pa rotor, wina ndi wosonkhanitsa. Ngati kukana kokhotakhota kuli kochepera 10 kOhm, rotor iyenera kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano.Kukana kwa mafunde a rotor kuyenera kukhala osachepera 10 kOhm
- Mu dongosolo la reverse, timasonkhanitsa choyambira.
Video: disassembly ndi kukonza VAZ 2106 sitata
Kuwonongeka ndi kukonza kwa starter traction relay
Ma traction relay ali pachivundikiro chakutsogolo kwa choyambira ndipo adapangidwa kuti azigwira kwakanthawi koyambira kachipangizo koyambira ndi korona wakuwuluka. Ndizomwe, osati zoyambira zokha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalephera. Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zama waya ndi kulumikizana zomwe takambirana pamwambapa, zovuta zodziwika bwino za traction relay ndi:
- kuyaka kwa mabawuti olumikizana (pyatakov);
- chigawo chachifupi kapena chotseguka pamphepete;
- kuwonongeka kwa makina.Kuwotcha ma nickel ndikovuta kofala kwa ma traction relay.
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kulephera kwa relay ndikusoweka kwa kudina pomwe kiyi idatembenuzidwa mu chosinthira choyatsira. Zikutanthauza kuti:
- maginito amagetsi sanagwire ntchito;
- olumikizana ndi ma relay samatsekedwa;
- Palibe magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira.
Zikatero, mutayang'ana mawaya ndi mawayilesi, cholumikiziracho chiyenera kuchotsedwa poyambira ndikuzindikiridwa. Izi zimachitika motere:
- Pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi 13, masulani mtedzawo ndikumangirira mawaya amagetsi kumaboliti olumikizirana.
- Chotsani cholumikizira waya.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver yopindika, masulani zomangira zitatu kuti muteteze cholumikizira chakutsogolo.
- Lumikizani chingwe kuchokera pachikuto.
- Timayendera relay ndipo, ngati kuwonongeka kwa makina kapena ma bolts oyaka apezeka, timasintha kukhala yatsopano.
- Popanda kuwonongeka kowonekera, timapitiriza kuyesa ndikugwirizanitsa relay mwachindunji ku batri. Kuti tichite izi, timapeza zidutswa ziwiri za waya ndi mtanda wa osachepera 5 mm2 ndipo ndi thandizo lawo timagwirizanitsa kutulutsa kwa waya wowongolera ku minus ya batri, ndi cholozera cholumikizira ku kuphatikiza. Panthawi yolumikizana, nsonga ya relay iyenera kubwereranso. Ngati izi sizichitika, relay iyenera kusinthidwa.
Video: kuyang'ana VAZ 2106 traction relay ndi batire
Kusintha ma traction relay ndikosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, ingoikani chipangizo chatsopano m'malo mwa chakale ndikumangitsa zomangira zitatu zomwe zimatchinjiriza relay pachivundikiro chakutsogolo.
Choncho, diagnostics, dismantling, disassembly ndi kukonza sitata Vaz 2106 si zovuta kwambiri ngakhale wosadziwa galimoto mwini. Kutsatira mosamala malangizo a akatswiri kumakupatsani mwayi wochita izi mwachangu komanso moyenera.
