Frame SUV - ndichiyani? Chipangizo ndi mfundo ya ntchito. Chithunzi ndi kanema

Monga tidalembera kale patsamba lathu la Vodi.su, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa SUV ndi crossover ndi kukhalapo kwa magudumu onse, chotengera chosinthira chokhala ndi zida zochepetsera, kusiyana kwapakati kapena pakati pa ma axle omwe amatha kusinthidwa. kuchoka, ndipo SUV yeniyeni ili ndi chonyamulira chimango.

Chifukwa chake funso likubwera, lomwe lidzakambidwe m'nkhaniyi - ndi chimango ndi SUV chiyani?

Galimoto chimango - chipangizo ndi cholinga

Mpaka pano, zodziwika kwambiri ndi mitundu iyi ya thupi:

• chimango;
• ndi thupi lonyamula katundu;
• ndi chimango Integrated.

Kusiyana pakati pawo ndi kwakukulu.

1. Poyamba, chimango ndi mafupa a galimoto ndi zigawo zina zonse: kuyimitsidwa, thupi lokha, mayunitsi onse.
2. Chachiwiri, kanyumba kamakhala ngati chimango ndipo zigawo zonse ndi misonkhano imamangiriridwa kwa iyo. Magalimoto okhala ndi chimango chophatikizika amasiyana ndi magalimoto a chimango chifukwa chimangocho chimalumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi thupi, ndiye kuti, izi ndizosagwirizana pakati pa mitundu iwiri yapitayi.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya chimango chagalimoto:

• spars - chimango chimakhala ndi ma spars - olumikizidwa ndi kuwotcherera, mabawuti kapena ma rivets - ndi mamembala amtanda pakati pa spars;
• msana - maziko a chimango ndi chitoliro chopatsirana, chomwe china chilichonse chili kale;
• foloko-msana - mafoloko ochokera ku spars amamangiriridwa ku chitoliro chotumizira kuti akhazikitse magawo amagetsi pa iwo;
• katundu wonyamula maziko - chimango chimaphatikizidwa ndi pansi pagalimoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nsanja yonyamula katundu pomwe kabati, mayunitsi, kuyimitsidwa amayikidwa.

Kuti muchepetse kulemera kwa magalimoto amasewera, mafelemu a tubular kapena lattice owotcherera kuchokera ku mapaipi opepuka amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Fungoli limafanana ndi latisi, chifukwa chake lili ndi dzina lake.

Iliyonse mwa mitundu iyi ya mafelemu imagawidwa m'magulu ambiri, pafupifupi wopanga aliyense akuyesera kubweretsa china chake pakupanga.

Mwachitsanzo, mafelemu a spar amakhala ngati X, opingasa, makwerero, opingasa ngati X, ndi zina zotero. Ndizofunikanso kudziwa kuti ma SUV ambiri amamangidwa pamaziko a mafelemu a spar.

Chimango ndi gawo lolemera kwambiri la galimoto iliyonse, kuwerengera pafupifupi 15-20 peresenti ndi kulemera. Ndicho chifukwa chake ma SUV a chimango amatha kulemera mpaka matani atatu ndi theka, kapena kupitirira apo, pamene masiku ano opanga akuyesera kuchepetsa kulemera kwake kwa galimoto.

Zofunikira zingapo zimayikidwa patsogolo pamagalimoto amakono, kuphatikiza ma SUV:

• mphamvu - iyenera kupirira kupindika kosiyanasiyana, zolemetsa;
• kukhazikika - pakugwira ntchito, kumatsimikizira malo osasinthika a mfundo zonse zomwe zimaphatikizidwa;
• kupepuka - kuchuluka kwa mafuta, komanso mtengo wopangira galimoto, zimatengera gawo ili;
• kusunga;
• manufacturability - zosavuta kupanga ndi kukonza.

Chifukwa chake, cholinga chachikulu cha chimango cha SUV:

• kutenga ndi kugawa katunduyo;
• sungani dongosolo lomwelo la mayunitsi, zinthu zathupi, kulumikizana kwa ma axles ndi kulumikizana konsekonse;
• kusamutsa mphamvu kuchokera kumakina owongolera, ma brake system, ma axles mpaka kuchuluka kwagalimoto.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa chimango kumanga

Magalimoto oyamba anali ndi chimango. Zinthu zambiri zasintha kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, koma, monga tikuonera, mainjiniya sanasiye chimango chothandizira.

Kodi ubwino wake ndi wotani?

Choyamba, kupanga ndikosavuta, ndikosavuta kwa akatswiri kuwerengera kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka chimango, komanso mawonekedwe ake. Pomwe kulengedwa kwa magalimoto okhala ndi thupi la monocoque kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera zovuta.

Ubwino wachiwiri wofunikira ndi chitonthozo cha apaulendo eni ake. Izi zimatheka ndi zolumikizira zotanuka ndi zothira mphira, monga zolimbitsa mphira. Ma Frame SUVs ali ndi mawu otsekereza bwino komanso kudzipatula kwa vibration, popeza zolemetsa zonse kuchokera kuyimitsidwa zimasamutsidwa ku chimango ndikunyowetsedwa ndi makina otsekemera.

Chachitatu, chimango chimakulitsa kwambiri mwayi wokonza ndikusintha mawonekedwe agalimoto. Itha kutalikitsidwa kapena kufupikitsidwa mosavuta, chifukwa izi ndizokwanira kukhazikitsa ma spars amfupi, kapena mosemphanitsa, kuwonjezera zopingasa (ngati muli ndi zida zoyenera ndi luso). Kuphatikiza apo, ma cabs osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya thupi akhoza kukhazikitsidwa pa chimango chomwecho.

Magalimoto a chimango sakhala ndi dzimbiri (zodabwitsa, izi ndi zoona). Chifukwa chonsecho ndi chakuti pali ndege zobisika zochepa, ndipo chimango chokha chimakhala chodutsa mpweya wabwino.

Ndikosavuta kuchiza ndi anti-corrosion agents. Chabwino, musaiwale kuti chimangocho chimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kuchitsulo cholimba kwambiri, ndipo ziwalo za mtanda ndi spars ndizowonjezereka.

Pali, zowona, zovuta zingapo:

• kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa misa ndi zotsatira zake zonse - mafuta ochulukirapo amadyedwa, injini yamphamvu kwambiri imafunika, liwiro lotsika;
• spars "amadya" gawo la danga logwiritsidwa ntchito, motero, mkati mopanda bwino, motero kukula kwakukulu kwa ma SUV a chimango;
• chimango ndi chotsika kwa thupi lonyamula katundu malinga ndi torsional rigidity - mwinamwake munazindikira kuti n'zosavuta kupotoza, mwachitsanzo, pepala la makatoni ovuta kuposa makatoni;
• chitetezo choyipirapo chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa kanyumba kuthyola mapiri ndi kupindika kwina.

Odziwika kwambiri chimango SUVs

Zikuwonekeratu kuti palibe chabwino ndipo aliyense amasankha yekha zomwe angapereke pogula galimoto inayake. Komabe, ma SUV amtundu amayendayendabe m'misewu yathu.

Zapakhomo - zitsanzo zonse za UAZ zakunja: UAZ 469, UAZ Hunter, UAZ Patriot, UAZ 3160. Zoonadi, magalimoto a UAZ adzatha kuyendetsa kulikonse. Zowona, ngati mukukumbukira zitsanzo zoyamba, sizinali zosiyana pakutonthoza. Zamakono zamakono zimatha kupikisana ndi zitsanzo zabwino za ma SUV akunja, koma, mwatsoka, sizimasiyana pachuma.

Kuyerekeza kwa zitsanzo zina potengera kukhazikika pazotsatira zakutsogolo. (kuyambira 1 mpaka 10)

Toyota - m'nkhani yokhudza ma crossovers aku Japan ndi ma SUV pa Vodi.su, tidalemba ma SUV onse a kampaniyi: Land Cruisers, Tundra, Sequoia, Hilux onse ndi ma SUV a chimango.

Ma SUV okwera mtengo kwambiri okhala ndi chimango akuphatikizapo makalasi a G, GL, GLA ndi GLK ochokera ku Mercedes. Kwenikweni, onse amatchedwa - Galimoto yapamsewu, kutanthauza "Opanda msewu".

Magalimoto a M-class amamangidwanso pamaziko a chimango.

Land Rover Defender, Jeep Wrangler, Volkswagen Amarok, BMW X1-X6, Opel Antara ndi Frontera, Dodge RAM, Ford Expedition. Ngakhale magalimoto aku China otsika mtengo kwambiri ochokera ku Great Wall, kapena ku Korea SsangYong alinso ma SUV a chimango.

Kanema wokhudza zitsanzo za Great Wall.

Kuyerekeza zabwino kwambiri: Land Cruiser 200 vs. Nissan Patrol.

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