Kuyang'ana kupitiriza mu waya wautali

Zamkatimu

Kodi kupitiriza ndi chiyani?
Kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter
Njira Zoyesera Kupitilira mu Waya Wautali
Zolemba ndi zikumbutso zina

Mukuyesera kukonza zida zamagetsi zolakwika koma osazindikira chomwe chalakwika?

Vuto likhoza kukhala powonekera. Anthu amakonda kunyalanyaza mkhalidwe wa mawaya aatali akamakonza zamagetsi. Mawaya amagetsi amapangidwa kuti azikhala kwa zaka zambiri, koma zinthu zina monga kusagwira bwino ntchito komanso kukhudzana ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira zimatha kusweka. Kuyang'ana mawaya ngati akupitilira ndiyo njira yokhayo yowonetsetsa kuti waya wanu akugwirabe ntchito.

Limbikitsani kukonza pophunzira kuyesa waya wautali kuti upitilize.

Kodi kupitiriza ndi chiyani?

Kupitilira kumakhalapo ngati zinthu ziwiri zilumikizidwa pakompyuta.

Mawaya amayendetsa magetsi, kotero mudakhazikitsa mayendedwe polumikiza chosinthira chosavuta ku babu. Momwemonso, zinthu zomwe sizimayendetsa magetsi, monga nkhuni, sizipereka kupitiriza. Izi ndichifukwa choti zinthu sizimalumikiza zinthu ziwiri pakompyuta.

Pamlingo wozama, kupitiriza kumakhalapo pamene njira yoyendetsera magetsi yamagetsi simasokonezedwa.

Mawaya amagetsi ndi ma conductor ndi resistors. Imayendetsa kayendedwe ka ma electron ndi ma ion kupita ndi kuchokera kumapeto kulikonse. Kupitilira kumawonetsa momwe magetsi amayendera bwino kudzera pawaya. Kuwerenga mosalekeza kumatanthauza kuti zingwe zonse za waya ndi zabwino.

Mayeso opitilira amawunika kukhulupirika kwa zida zamagetsi ndi zida zamagetsi. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito dera la tester kuyeza mtengo wokana.

Kupanda kupitiliza kumayambitsa mavuto ambiri pamagetsi ndi zida, monga:

Lama fuyusi
Masiwichi sakugwira ntchito
Njira zotsekeredwa zamatcheni
Makondakitala achidule
Kulumikizana kolakwika

Kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter

Multimeter ndi gawo loyesera lofunikira pama projekiti aliwonse okhudzana ndi zamagetsi.

Chida cham'manja ichi chimayesa magawo amagetsi monga voteji, capacitance ndi kukana. Zimabwera m'mitundu ya analogi ndi digito, koma cholinga choyambirira ndi tsatanetsatane zimakhalabe zofanana. Imabwera ndi ma probes awiri otsogolera, waya wofiyira wabwino ndi waya wakuda wakuda, womwe umayesa mphamvu zamagetsi ukakumana ndi zamagetsi.

Multimeter yotsika mtengo ya analogi imagwira ntchito bwino ngati kuyesa kopitilira, koma mungafunenso kuyika ndalama mu ma multimeter a digito pazowonjezera zawo komanso kuwerenga kolondola. Ma DMM nthawi zina amakhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera oyeserera.

Njira Zoyesera Kupitilira mu Waya Wautali

Tsopano popeza mwamvetsetsa zoyambira kupitiliza, ndi nthawi yoti muphunzire kuyesa waya wautali kuti mupitilize.

Chida chokha chomwe mungafunikire kuyesa kupitiliza ndi multimeter yosavuta. Koma kumbukirani kukhala otetezeka povala zida zodzitetezera poyesa izi.

Khwerero 1 - Zimitsani magetsi ndikudula waya

Osayesa kukhulupirika kwa waya wamoyo.

Zimitsani dera lalikulu lomwe limapereka magetsi ku waya. Onetsetsani kuti palibe magetsi omwe akudutsa muwaya, chifukwa waya wamoyo ukhoza kubweretsa zotsatira zosafunikira.

Lumikizani waya kuzinthu zilizonse zolumikizidwa ndi dera lokha.

Tulutsani mosamala ma capacitor aliwonse omwe amapezeka muderali musanakhudze zigawo zina. Ngati waya wolumikizidwa ku zigawo zikuluzikulu monga masiwichi kapena zitsulo nyali, ndiye mosamala kumasula waya kwa iwo.

Kenako chotsani waya kudera. Chitani izi pokoka wayayo mosamala kuchokera ku kulumikizana kwake. Samalani kuti musawononge waya panthawiyi. Tengani waya wochotsedwa kwathunthu kumalo ogwirira ntchito kwaulere.

Khwerero 2 - Konzani ma multimeter anu

Choyamba, tembenuzani kuyimba kwa multimeter kukhala ohms.

Chowonetsera chiyenera kusonyeza "1" kapena "OL". "OL" amaimira "Open Loop"; Izi ndizofunika kwambiri pamlingo woyezera. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti kupitiliza kwa zero kwayesedwa.

Lumikizani kuyesa kumatsogolera kuzitsulo zoyenera pa multimeter.

Lumikizani choyesa chakuda ku jack COM (kutanthauza wamba). Lumikizani kuyesa kofiira ku cholumikizira cha VΩ. Kutengera mtundu wa multimeter yanu, ikhoza kukhala ndi malo olumikizirana m'malo mwa cholumikizira cha COM. Nthawi zonse tchulani bukhuli ngati simukutsimikiza za kulumikizana kolondola kwa masensa.

Musalole kuti ma probe a multimeter akhumane ndi chilichonse musanayang'ane kupitiliza. Izi zitha kusintha mawerengedwe omwe alandilidwa. Komanso tcherani khutu ku dongosolo la kulumikiza mawaya. Izi zidzafunika pambuyo pake multimeter ikadzaza mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito.

Khazikitsani kuchuluka kwa ma multimeter kukhala mtengo wolondola.

Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe mumayika kumatsimikizira kukana kwa gawolo. Magawo apansi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zochepa za impedance. Mitundu yapamwamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa kukana kwambiri. Kuyika multimeter ku 200 ohms ndikokwanira kuti muwone kukhulupirika kwa mawaya aatali.

Khwerero 3 - Lumikizani ma multimeter otsogolera ku waya

Kupitiliza sikuli kolunjika - palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa kulumikiza masensa kumapeto kolakwika. Kusintha malo a probes sikukhudza muyeso wotsutsa.

Ndikofunika kugwirizanitsa kafukufuku wotsogolera kuzitsulo za waya. Ikani kafukufuku wina kumapeto kwa waya. Onetsetsani kuti kafukufukuyo akulumikizana bwino ndi waya kuti awerenge molondola.

Muyeso womwe watengedwa kuchokera ku test test tester uyenera kuwonetsedwa pa multimeter. Muyenera kuyang'ana miyeso iwiri: "1" ndi mfundo zina pafupi ndi 0.

Makhalidwe omwe ali pafupi ndi zero amatanthauziridwa ngati kupitiliza mkati mwa masensa ndi waya. Izi zikutanthauza kuti dera latsekedwa kapena kumalizidwa. Magetsi amatha kuyenda momasuka kudzera pawaya popanda vuto lililonse.

Mtengo "1" umatanthauzidwa ngati kupitilira kwachabechabe. Mtengo uwu ukuwonetsa kuti waya wozungulira ndi wotseguka. Izi zitha kutanthauza zinthu zitatu zotheka:

Zero mosalekeza
Pali kutsutsa kosatha
High voltage alipo

Mutha kuyang'ana muzu wavutoli, koma kupitiliza kwa zero kumatanthauza kuti waya sakugwira ntchito moyenera ndipo akufunika kusinthidwa.

Khwerero 4 - Chotsani ndikuphwanya Multimeter

Chotsani multimeter mutayang'ana kupitiriza.

Njira yolondola yochotsera ma probes kuchokera ku multimeter ili mumndandanda wosinthira. Ngati kafukufuku wofiyira adayikidwa komaliza, chotsani poyamba, ndi mosemphanitsa. Zitha kuwoneka ngati zotopetsa, koma kugawa moyenera ma multimeter anu kumatalikitsa moyo wake.

Zimitsani multimeter ndikuyiyika pamalo oyenera osungira. (1)

Zolemba ndi zikumbutso zina

Musanayese kuyesa kupitiriza, nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti palibe magetsi omwe akuyenda kudzera mu mawaya.

Kukhudzana mwangozi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kugwedezeka kwamagetsi ndi kuyaka. Nthawi zina, izi zimatha kuvulaza kwambiri kapena kufa. Pewani izi poonetsetsa kuti palibe madzi omwe akuyenda mozungulira dera ndi zigawo zake.

Kuvala zida zodzitchinjiriza ndichitetezo chabwino kwambiri pakugwedezeka kwamagetsi. Ngakhale zida zodzitchinjiriza sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mayeso osavuta, zimalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Ma multimeter atsopanowa ali ndi chitetezo chochulukirachulukira mpaka pamagetsi enaake. Izi zimapatsa wogwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chamagetsi. (2)

Nthawi zonse yang'anani buku lanu la multimeter kuti mupeze malangizo amomwe mungayesere kukana.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma multimeter omwe amapezeka pamsika, ambiri omwe ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Ma multimeter ena amabwera ndi batani lopitilira lomwe liyenera kukanidwa kuti muyese kupitiliza. Zotsatsira zatsopano zimalira ngakhale zitadziwika. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuyang'ana kupitiliza popanda kuyang'ana mtengo.

Onani zina mwazolemba zathu pansipa.