Mayeso oyendetsa Skoda Octavia
Zaka makumi asanu zapitazo, mwiniwake wa Octavia akadaganizira kuti chopukutira madzi oundana chomangika pachodzaza ndi gasi ndichopitilira muyeso, koma tsopano mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zazing'onozi zomwe wopanga amatha kufikira ...
Yoyamba ndi kumanja ndi kutsogolo, kumbuyo kuli mbali yotsutsana, pomwe yachiwiri ili pamakina amakono. Koma ili pa lever pansi, ndipo ngati ili pamzere woyendetsa, ndizovuta kwambiri: kuyatsa "poker" yoyamba muyenera kuyikankhira kutali ndi inu. Kugwira mwamphamvu, mosaganizira, mosasunthika mosiyanasiyana ndi gasi (ndipo timadzudzulanso kuchedwa kwa ma accelerators amakono "amagetsi") - kusewera ndi ma pedals pa 1965 Skoda Octavia kuti agwire mphindi yosangalatsa sichophweka. Speedometer iwonetsa pang'ono kupitirira 40 km / h, ndipo galimoto ipempha kale zida zachinayi. Kupeza zoposa 60 km / h ndizowopsa: palibe mabuleki olimbikitsira, chiwongolero chochepa "chopanda kanthu" ndi masikono otalika m'makona. Yosalala kuthamanga? Kukhala mu mzere.
Zipando zing'onozing'ono, zosalala sizingakwane anthu okhala ndi kutalika pang'ono pang'ono. Pali malo ochepa kumbuyo kuposa Oka. Magalasi ocheperako amangoonetsa m'mphepete mlengalenga, palibe choti mugwire, ndipo mulibe lamba wapampando konse. Kudalirika? Eni ake ku kalabu yaku Czech ya mafani a Octavia akutsimikizira kuti galimotoyo imayenera kukonzedwa nthawi zambiri ngakhale mtunda wotsika. Mwa njira, iwo anali akugwira kusamutsa ndalezo kuchokera pazowongolera mpaka pansi - makina oyambilira anali opanda pake kwambiri.
Kusiyanitsa kwapakati pa zaka zana pakati pa matekinoloje kumamvekera bwino kwambiri mukamayendetsa galimoto yomwe imakokedwa pamakompyuta, yowerengedwa mu percentiles ndikukhala ndi chitsimikiziro chotsimikizika chomwe ndi akatswiri aku Germany okha kapena akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino aku Czech omwe angathe. Zaka makumi asanu zapitazo, mwiniwake wa Octavia akadaganizira chopukutira madzi oundana chophatikizika ndi gasi wodzaza golide wopusa, koma tsopano, pamene nkhani yosunthira cholembera zida idasiya kukhalapo, mothandizidwa ndi zonyoza izi kuti wopanga amatha kufikira ogula. M'dziko lomwe ukadaulo wakhala wangwiro kuyambira kale, malingaliro azinthu zosavuta komanso anzeru amagwiranso ntchito.
Mwachitsanzo, sensa yamagetsi yomwe imagwira ntchito ikamayandikira dzanja ndikukulitsa zithunzizo pazenera, ndikupatsa siginecha. Chosangalatsa chomwe chimasinthira makina osavomerezeka kukhala dongosolo lokhala ndi mayankho komanso mawonekedwe ochezeka. Kapena ngodya zofananira ndi Velcro yopezera katundu, zomwe zimalumikizidwa bwino m'mbali mwa zipilala za thunthu, komanso maukonde otetezera katundu wamtundu uliwonse mu thunthu - mbatata zomwe zagwa m'sitolo sizidzakhalanso falitsani pansi pa chipinda. Pali maukonde ambiri ndi ngowe zomwe sizingatheke kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa thunthu lomwe lingakhalepo. Wogula yekha amapanga malowa, ndikusintha galimoto yake. M'malo mozolowera, ndikulimbana ndi zovuta zamayankho amachitidwe.
Chitonthozo ndi dongosolo m'badwo wachitatu wa Octavia ndizofanana. Malo okhwima okhazikika amawoneka amakono komanso amakono, ndipo mtundu wa zomalizira umakhutiritsa ngakhale wokwera mwachangu kwambiri. Palibe chidziwitso chokhwima kapena choterera, kuyika kokongoletsa kumasankhidwa mosamala, ndipo zoyeserera pamabatani ndi zopindika sizimayikidwa bwino.
Mukazimitsa nyali zofiira zomwe zimawonekera poyatsira, palibe chokhumudwitsa chomwe chidzatsalira pazida. Zithunzi za Columbus media system, zomwe zimangopezeka mopitilira muyeso, zimafunikanso kutchedwa kuti bata. Mawonekedwewa amalingaliridwa bwino, ndipo chinsalucho chimavomereza zolumpha ngakhale "kutsina" - mwachitsanzo, kuti musinthe mapu oyenda.
Zikuwoneka kuti aliyense wa opanga ndi mainjiniya a Octavia watenga maphunziro aukadaulo bwino. Ndikofunikira kudzikonza nokha zotsatira za ntchito ya valet yodziwikiratu, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo ngati dalaivala amakhala wangwiro, ndipo magalimoto oyandikana ndi opotoka komanso otalikirana.
Iwo amene amaona kuti njirayi ndi yosasangalatsa ayenera kuwonanso masanjidwe a injini. Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wa Russia wokhala ndi injini ya injini ya 1,6-lita, Octavia imangoperekedwa ndi injini za turbo, zamphamvu kwambiri (kupatula mtundu wa RS) zimapanga mphamvu za akavalo 180 Injini ya 1,8 ndiyofunikira chimodzimodzi m'mibadwo yonse ya Octavia, monga chizindikiro pamphuno pa grayator. M'masinthidwe ake apano, 1,8 TSI imapanga mphamvu yomweyo monga m'badwo woyamba wa Octavia RS unalili kale. Ndipo mwayi uli pafupi chimodzimodzi. Kuthamanga mwamphamvu, koluma mu "throttle mpaka pansi" modutsa ndikutulutsa patadutsa 3000 rpm ndikuwongolera kwambiri kuchokera pamavuto otsika. Ogulitsa Skoda amafunsa zambiri pazomwe zimachitika pamiyeso yotentha: mitengo yonyamula ndi injini yamahatchi 180 ndipo DSG imayamba pa $ 14.
Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti Octavia yachitatu sichiperekedwa ndi hydromechanical "automatic", yomwe mpaka posachedwa pamsika wathu inali ndi magalimoto a m'badwo wachiwiri. Roboti ya DSG siwononga mphamvu zamahatchi, koma ikaphatikizidwa ndi injini ya turbo, imagwira ntchito mopupuluma. Kuyambira pamalo amaperekedwa kwa galimoto ndi jerks, kotero ngati inu Finyani gasi bwino pa nyali magalimoto, m'malo kuwombera mu mzere woongoka, inu mukhoza kutenga mafuta slip. Ndi nkhani yosiyana kotheratu popita, pamene loboti imasintha mwaluso magiya osafuna chidwi cha dalaivala nkomwe. Kuthamanga kosangalatsa kwa DSG kumasokoneza pazigawo zing'onozing'ono za sekondi imodzi, kukhala ndi magiya moona mtima nthawi yayitali mumasewera.
Ndi mitundu yofulumira kwambiri ya Octavia 1,8 TSI, kapangidwe koyimitsanso kamakhala kofanana. Mosiyana ndi omwe alibe mphamvu, imakhala ndi ulalo wakumbuyo wakumaloko m'malo mwa mtanda wamba. Ndipo ngati Octavia yokhala ndi ma mota osavuta imakwera moziziritsa, ndiye kuti pamwambapa imakwaniritsidwa kale. Izi ndizomwe zimangokhala zopanda pake zoyenera kuchita pang'onopang'ono. Ndiyofunika kuwuluka mwachangu, chifukwa zida zofikira nthawi yomweyo zimayankha mwamphamvu. Izi ndi zomvetsa chisoni, zomwe zimachitika pakusintha kwa Russia ndikuwonjezeka kwa malo ndi akasupe otanuka. Palibe zoterezi pagalimoto zoyimitsidwa ku Europe. Koma ambiri, kunyengerera kuli koyenera: chisiki chimatha kulimbana mosavuta ndi zotumphukira, modekha komanso mwakachetechete kudutsa zazing'ono zonse ndikupatsa driver dalaivala wabwino wamagalimoto. Zoyipazo ndizochepa, ndipo kubwerera kumbuyo kumapereka mayendedwe molondola. Zochulukirapo kotero kuti nthawi ndi nthawi zimaputa chisokonezo - pakhoza kukhala msewu waulere patsogolo kapena gulu labwino. Chinthu chachikulu sichiyenera kuiwalika kukonzekereratu katundu mu thunthu ndi maukonde osindikizidwa ndi ngodya. Sizingatheke kulola kuti musokoneze bata ndi bata mu kanyumba kameneka kopangidwa mwaluso, ngakhale pali injini ya 180-horsepower pansi pa hood.
Nambala eyiti
Mbiri ya banja la Octavia idayamba mu 1954, pomwe msika wa Skoda 440 Spartak udawonekera. Wamakono woyamba mu 1957 anabweretsa injini wamphamvu kwambiri ndi index 445, wachiwiri, zaka ziwiri kenako - thupi kusinthidwa ndi dzina Octavia. Dzinalo, lochokera ku Latin "octa", limangotengera mtundu wachisanu ndi chitatu wazaka zankhondo itatha. Poyamba, chitsanzocho chinapangidwa ndi thupi lokhala ndi zitseko ziwiri, zachilendo masiku ano, ndipo limakhala ndi anayi. Mu 1960, aku Czech adatulutsa galimoto yazitseko zitatu, yomwe idapangidwa kwa zaka khumi ndi chimodzi.
Panalibe olowa m'malo mwachindunji, ndipo Skoda 1000MB yakumbuyo, yomangidwa pamiyeso yosiyana kotheratu, idakhala wotsatira wotsata. Mitundu yakumbuyo idapangidwa mpaka 1990, pomwe Skoda adakhala gawo la nkhawa za Volkswagen, ndipo mtunduwo udasinthidwa kwathunthu. Chizindikirocho chidabwerera mgulu lamagalimoto apabanja mu 1996 ndi Octavia yemwe adatsitsimutsidwa, yemwe adabwereka nsanja yamatayala amakono kutsogolo kwa Volkswagen Golf ya m'badwo wachinayi ku Europe.
Popanga Octavia wamakono wamakono, ma Czech adasankha zochita. Thupi la liftback, lomwe limawoneka ngati sedan, koma lokhala ndi chitseko chonyamula chidendene, lafika pakukoma kwamisika yosauka ku Eastern Europe. Kuphatikiza mitundu ikuluikulu kwambiri ya injini za Volkswagen kuyambira 59 mpaka 180 hp. ndi zosankha ndi kupititsa pagalimoto kwamagudumu onse - mtunduwo udakhala wofunikira kwambiri kotero kuti kupanga kwake sikunathetsedwe mpaka 2010, pomwe mtundu wosinthidwa wagalimoto yachiwiri idagulitsidwa kale pamsika.
Octavia II papulatifomu yachisanu ya VW Golf idawonekera mu 2004. Mtundu wamasiku ano wa 2009 udapanganso ku Volkswagen Group chomera ku Kaluga. Atapumula, Octavia adayamba kukhala ndi zida za TSI zama turbo ndi ma gearbox a DSG, ngakhale matembenuzidwe okhala ndi "makina otsogola" akale anali atasonkhanitsidwa ndikugulitsidwa ku Russia.
Octavia yachitatu idakhazikitsidwa ndi pulatifomu ya MQB yomwe ili kale ndi ma turbo engine ndi ma gearbox a DSG. Koma ku Russia, Egypt ndi China, ma Czechs amasunga mtunduwo ndi mayunitsi akale. Ndi kusintha kwa mibadwo, mtunduwo udasunthidwa kuchokera ku Kaluga kupita ku Nizhny Novgorod, komwe Octavia yachitatu idasonkhanitsidwa pansi pa mgwirizano ku malo a GAZ.
