Mapulani aposachedwa kwambiri oyendetsa ndege aku Polish People's Republic

Zamkatimu

Mu 1969, ndondomeko inakonzedwa kuti pakhale chitukuko cha ndege zankhondo za ku Poland mpaka 1985. Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, kumapeto kwa zaka za makumi asanu ndi awiri ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu makumi asanu ndi atatu ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu, lingaliro la kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu. m'ma nineties.
- Ndondomeko yakale - ndondomeko yatsopano
- Kupuma kosavuta, ndiko kuti, chiyambi cha zovuta

MiG-21 inali ndege yomenyana kwambiri ndi ndege zankhondo za ku Poland m'zaka za m'ma 70, 80 ndi 90. Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa MiG-21MF panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi pamsewu wa bwalo la ndege. Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi R. Rohovich

Mu 1969, ndondomeko inakonzedwa kuti pakhale chitukuko cha ndege zankhondo za ku Poland mpaka 1985. Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, kumapeto kwa zaka za makumi asanu ndi awiri ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu makumi asanu ndi atatu ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu, lingaliro la kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu. m'ma nineties.

M'zaka khumi za 80s, ndege za Gulu Lankhondo la Polish People's Republic, i.e. National Air Defense Forces (NADF), Air Force ndi Navy, adanyamula zisankho zomwe zatsala pang'ono kulowa m'malo mwa ndege zowukira ndi zowunikira komanso chidwi cha kuchepa kwa omenyera nkhondo. Pa pepala, chirichonse chinali bwino; machitidwe a bungwe anali okhazikika, panalibe magalimoto ambiri m'mayunitsi. Komabe, mawonekedwe aukadaulo a zidazo sananame, mwatsoka, anali akukalamba komanso ocheperako komanso osagwirizana ndi miyezo yomwe imatanthawuza zamasiku ano pankhondo zankhondo.

Ndondomeko yakale - ndondomeko yatsopano

Kuwunikiridwa kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo lachitukuko la 1969 kuchokera pakuwona zaka khumi zapitazi kumawoneka kuti sikunali koyipa. Kukonzanso koyenera kudapangidwa m'mabungwe abungwe, kumenyedwa kwandege kunalimbikitsidwa kuwononga ndege zankhondo. Ndege zothandizira ndege zinakonzedwanso chifukwa cha kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu kwa Air Force of the Ground Forces (ma helikoputala). Oyendetsa sitima zapamadzi zinapezekanso kuti ndi amene analuza kwambiri, chifukwa ndege zawo zapamadzi sizinakhazikitsidwenso mwadongosolo kapenanso zida zowonjezera. Zinthu zoyamba poyamba.

Pamodzi ndi magulu omwe adachotsedwa a Lim-2, Lim-5P ndi Lim-5 (motsatira nthawi), kuchuluka kwa magulu omenyera nkhondo kunachepetsedwa. M'malo awo, zosintha wotsatira wa MiG-21 anagulidwa, amene ankalamulira Polish asilikali ndege mu 70s. Tsoka ilo, ngakhale malingaliro omwe adapangidwa mzaka khumi izi, kuthetseratu mayunitsi a subsonic, popanda mawonekedwe a radar ndi zida zotsogola za Lim-5, zomwe mu 1981 zidalipobe mu Air Force (gulu limodzi la 41 PLM) ndi VOK. (komanso gulu limodzi ngati gawo la 62nd PLM OPK). Kutumiza kokha kwa MiG-21bis kwa gulu lachiwiri (34th PLM OPK) ndikumaliza kukonzekeretsa wina (28th PLM OPK) MiG-23MF adalola kusamutsa zida ndi kusamutsidwa komaliza kwa Lim-5 kumagulu ophunzitsira ndi kumenya nkhondo.

Kunyalanyazidwa kwathu komanso kuwunikiranso ndege kudakhazikitsidwanso pakusintha kwa Lima m'zaka za m'ma 70s. Ma interceptors a Lim-6M ndi Lim-6P interceptors adawonjezedwa kwa omenyera omwe akuwuluka kale a Lim-5bis pambuyo pa kukonzanso kofanana. Chifukwa cha ndalama zogulira katundu, Su-7 fighter-bombers inamalizidwa mu gulu limodzi lokha (3rd plmb), ndi olowa m'malo awo, i.e. Ma Su-20s adamalizidwa ngati magulu awiri ankhondo ngati gawo la gulu lankhondo la 7 komanso loyang'anira ndege m'malo mwa oponya mabomba a Il-28.

Zinapezeka kuti zopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri komanso zodula kwambiri zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja zimakhala ndi zida zambiri komanso zida zonyamula, koma si magalimoto omwe amatha kuswa chitetezo cha mdani, komanso lamulo la Joint Armed Forces of Warsaw Pact. (ZSZ OV) adawonetsa mwayi wawo wokhawo - kuthekera konyamula mabomba a nyukiliya. The Air Force Command inaganiza kuti ndi bwino kukhala ndi magalimoto ambiri komanso otsika mtengo, chifukwa chifukwa cha izi timakwaniritsa miyezo ya mphamvu yomwe imatanthauzidwa ndi "utsogoleri" wogwirizana.

Zinali zofanana ndi ndege zowunikiranso, ogwirizana osachepera mayunitsi awiri anali athunthu, koma zida sizinali zabwino kwambiri. Panali chidwi chokwanira komanso ndalama zogulira MiG-21R pamagulu atatu okha ozindikira. Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 70s, mapepala a KKR-1 okha ndi omwe adagulidwa ku Su-20. Ntchito zina zonse zidachitidwa ndi zida zankhondo za SBLim-2Art. Tinkayembekeza kuti m'zaka zotsatila zidzathekanso kupulumutsa pa kugula ku USSR poyambitsa ntchito yatsopano yapakhomo. Zoyeserera zidapangidwa kuti apange zida zowunikira komanso zida zankhondo pokonzanso wophunzitsira wa TS-11 Iskra jet. Panalinso lingaliro la mapangidwe atsopano, obisika pansi pa dzina la M-16, amayenera kukhala ndege yapamwamba kwambiri, yophunzitsira kumenyana ndi injini ziwiri. Kukula kwake kunasiyidwa mokomera Iskra-22 subsonic ndege (I-22 Irida).

Komanso mu ndege za helikopita, kukula kwachulukidwe sikunatsatire nthawi zonse kukula kwabwino. M'zaka za m'ma 70, chiwerengero cha rotorcraft chinawonjezeka kuchokera ku +200 mpaka +350, koma izi zinatheka chifukwa cha kupanga Mi-2 ku Svidnik, yomwe inkagwira ntchito makamaka zothandizira. Katundu wocheperako komanso kapangidwe ka kanyumba kakang'ono kamapangitsa kukhala kosayenera kusamutsidwa kwa asitikali anzeru ndi zida zolemera kwambiri. Ngakhale zida zankhondo zidapangidwa, kuphatikiza mivi yolimbana ndi akasinja, zidali kutali ndi ungwiro ndipo sizingafanane ndi luso lankhondo la Mi-24D.

Kupuma kosavuta, ndiko kuti, chiyambi cha zovuta

Kuyesera kwakukulu kwa mapulani atsopano a chitukuko cha mapulani awiri a zaka zisanu mu 80s kunayamba mu 1978 ndi kufotokozera zolinga zazikulu za kusintha. Kwa gulu lankhondo-mafakitale, zidakonzedwa kuti ziwonjezere mwayi wothana ndi zida zolimbana ndi zida zankhondo panjira zakutali zotetezedwa, ndikuwonjezera kuwongolera kwa njira zowongolera ndi kuwongolera mphamvu ndi njira. Komanso, zidakonzedwa kuti Air Force iwonjezere mphamvu zothandizira ndege zankhondo, makamaka ndege zomenyera nkhondo.

Malingaliro onse okhudza kusintha kwa ogwira ntchito ndi kukonzanso zida zaukadaulo adaganiziridwa pokwaniritsa zofunikira zokhudzana ndi mphamvu zomwe zidaperekedwa ku SPZ HC. Lamulo la asitikali ankhondowa ku Moscow lidalandira malipoti apachaka okhudza kukwaniritsidwa kwaudindo wawo ndipo, pamaziko awo, adatumiza malingaliro pakusintha kamangidwe kapena kugula zida zamitundu yatsopano.

Mu Novembala 1978, malingaliro otere adasonkhanitsidwa kwa Asitikali aku Poland pa dongosolo lazaka zisanu 1981-85. komanso poyerekeza ndi mapulani okonzedwa ndi General Staff of the Polish Army (GSh VP). Poyamba, onse awiri ankawoneka kuti sakufuna kuti akwaniritsidwe, ngakhale kuti ziyenera kukumbukira kuti, choyamba, iwo anali mayesero a pulogalamu yolondola ndipo adalengedwa panthawi yomwe sizovuta kwambiri zachuma m'dzikoli.

Ambiri, malangizo amene anatumizidwa ku Moscow ananena kugula mu 1981-85: 8 MiG-25P interceptors, 96 MiG-23MF interceptors (mosasamala kanthu za ndege 12 za mtundu uwu analamula kale), 82 womenya-mabomba ndi zida kuzindikira -22, 36 kuukira Su-25, 4 reconnaissance MiG-25RB, 32 Mi-24D helikoputala zowukira ndi 12 Mi-14BT oyendetsa mabomba panyanja.