kuwonongeka kwa gawo regulator

kuwonongeka kwa gawo regulator Zitha kukhala motere: zimayamba kutulutsa mawu osasangalatsa, zimaundana pamalo amodzi kwambiri, valavu yoyang'anira solenoid imasokonekera, cholakwika chimapangidwa kukumbukira kompyuta.

Ngakhale mutha kuyendetsa ndi chowongolera gawo lolakwika, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti injini yoyaka mkati sigwira ntchito mwanjira yabwino. Izi zidzakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu a injini yoyaka mkati. Malingana ndi vuto lomwe layamba ndi clutch, valve kapena gawo regulator system yonse, zizindikiro za kuwonongeka ndi kuthekera kwa kuchotsedwa kwawo zidzasiyana.

Mfundo ya ntchito ya gawo regulator

kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake wowongolera gawo akuphwanyidwa kapena valavu yake ikukakamira, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa mfundo yoyendetsera dongosolo lonselo. Izi zidzakupatsani kumvetsetsa bwino za zowonongeka ndi zochita zina zowakonzera.

Pa liwiro losiyana, injini yoyaka mkati sigwira ntchito chimodzimodzi. Kwa liwiro lopanda pake komanso lotsika, zomwe zimatchedwa "magawo opapatiza" ndi mawonekedwe, pomwe kutulutsa mpweya wotulutsa kumakhala kochepa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuthamanga kwakukulu kumadziwika ndi "magawo ambiri", pamene mpweya wotulutsidwa ndi waukulu. Ngati "magawo ambiri" amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa liwiro lochepa, ndiye kuti mpweya wotulutsa mpweya udzasakanizana ndi omwe akubwera kumene, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti mphamvu ya injini yoyaka moto ikhale yochepa, komanso ngakhale kuimitsa. Ndipo pamene "magawo opapatiza" atsegulidwa pa liwiro lalikulu, izi zidzapangitsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya injini ndi mphamvu zake.

Kusintha magawo kuchokera ku "yopapatiza" kupita ku "wide" kumakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera mphamvu ya injini yoyaka mkati ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zake mwa kutseka ndi kutsegula ma valve pamakona osiyanasiyana. Iyi ndi ntchito yofunikira ya gawo lowongolera.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya machitidwe owongolera magawo. VVT (Variable Valve Timing), yopangidwa ndi Volkswagen, CVVT - yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Kia ndi Hyindai, VVT-i - yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Toyota ndi VTC - yoyikidwa pa injini za Honda, VCP - Renault phase shifters, Vanos / Double Vanos - makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu BMW . Kupitilira apo, tiwonanso mfundo yoyendetsera gawo lowongolera pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo chagalimoto ya Renault Megan 2 yokhala ndi vavu 16 ICE K4M, popeza kulephera kwake ndi "matenda aubwana" wagalimoto iyi ndipo eni ake nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi gawo losagwira ntchito. wowongolera.

Kuwongolera kumachitika kudzera mu valve solenoid, mafuta omwe amayendetsedwa ndi ma siginecha apakompyuta okhala ndi ma frequency a 0 kapena 250 Hz. Njira yonseyi imayang'aniridwa ndi gawo loyang'anira zamagetsi potengera ma siginecha ochokera ku masensa a injini zoyaka moto. Gawo lowongolera limayatsidwa ndikuchulukirachulukira pa injini yoyaka mkati (mtengo wa rpm kuchokera 1500 mpaka 4300 rpm) zikakwaniritsidwa zotsatirazi:

• masensa ogwiritsira ntchito crankshaft position (DPKV) ndi camshafts (DPRV);
• palibe zowonongeka mu dongosolo la jekeseni wa mafuta;
• malire a jekeseni wa gawo amawonedwa;
• kutentha kozizirirako kuli mkati mwa +10°…+120°C;
• kutentha kwa injini yamafuta okwera.

Kubwerera kwa wolamulira gawo kumalo ake oyambirira kumachitika pamene liwiro limachepa pansi pa zikhalidwe zomwezo, koma ndi kusiyana komwe kusiyana kwa gawo la zero kumawerengedwa. Pankhaniyi, plunger yotsekera imatsekereza makinawo. kotero, "olakwa" a kuwonongeka kwa gawo regulator sangakhale yekha, komanso valavu solenoid, masensa injini kuyaka mkati, kuwonongeka kwa galimoto, malfunctions kompyuta.

Zizindikiro za wosweka gawo regulator

Kulephera kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa gawo lowongolera kumatha kuweruzidwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Kuchulukitsa phokoso la injini yoyaka mkati. Kubwerezabwereza kumveka kwa phokoso kudzachokera kumalo osungiramo camshaft. Madalaivala ena amanena kuti amafanana ndi mmene injini ya dizilo imayendera.
• Kusakhazikika kwa injini yoyaka mkati mwa njira imodzi. Galimoto imatha kukhala yopanda ntchito, koma imathamanga moyipa ndikutaya mphamvu. Kapena mosiyana, ndi zachilendo kuyendetsa, koma "kutsamwitsa" osagwira ntchito. Pa nkhope ya kuchepa ambiri linanena bungwe mphamvu.
• Kuchuluka kwamafuta. Apanso, munjira ina yogwiritsira ntchito injini. Ndikoyenera kuyang'ana momwe mafuta amagwiritsidwira ntchito pamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta omwe ali pa bolodi kapena chida chowunikira.
• Kuchuluka kawopsedwe wa mpweya wotayidwa. Nthawi zambiri chiwerengero chawo chimakhala chokulirapo, ndipo amakhala ndi fungo lakuthwa, ngati mafuta kuposa kale.
• Kuchulukitsa kwamafuta a injini. Ikhoza kuyamba kuwotcha mwachangu (mlingo wake mu crankcase umachepa) kapena kutaya ntchito zake.
• rpm yosakhazikika injini ikayamba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupifupi 2-10 masekondi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuphulika kwa gawo lowongolera kumakhala kolimba, ndiyeno kumachepa pang'ono.
• Kupanga zolakwika za crankshaft ndi camshafts kapena malo a camshaft. Makina osiyanasiyana amatha kukhala ndi ma code osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kwa Renault, cholakwika chokhala ndi code DF080 chikuwonetsa mwachindunji mavuto ndi Fazi. Makina ena nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa p0011 kapena p0016, kusonyeza kuti makinawo sakulumikizana.

Ndikwabwino kwambiri kuchita zowunikira, kutanthauzira zolakwika, ndikuzikhazikitsanso ndi autoscanner yamitundu yambiri. Chimodzi mwa zosankha zomwe zilipo ndi Rokodil ScanX Pro. Atha kutenga zowerengera zamasensa kuchokera pamagalimoto ambiri kuyambira 1994 kupita mtsogolo. kukanikiza mabatani angapo. Ndipo yang'ananinso magwiridwe antchito a sensor pothandizira / kuletsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Chonde dziwani kuti kuwonjezera pa izi, pamene woyang'anira gawo akulephera, mbali imodzi yokha ya zizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsedwa zikhoza kuwoneka kapena zimawoneka mosiyana pamakina osiyanasiyana.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa gawo loyang'anira

zowonongeka zimagawidwa ndendende ndi gawo lowongolera ndi valavu yake yowongolera. Chifukwa chake, zifukwa zakuwonongeka kwa gawo lowongolera ndi:

• Kuvala kwa makina ozungulira (zopalasa / zopalasa). Pazifukwa zodziwika bwino, izi zimachitika pazifukwa zachilengedwe, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kusintha owongolera gawo lililonse 100 ... 200 makilomita zikwi. Mafuta owonongeka kapena otsika amatha kufulumizitsa kuvala.
• Onaninso kapena kusagwirizana kwamitengo yosinthika ya owongolera gawo. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa chakuti makina ozungulira a gawo lowongolera m'nyumba mwake amaposa ngodya zovomerezeka zozungulira chifukwa cha kuvala kwachitsulo.

Koma zifukwa za kuwonongeka kwa valavu ya vvt ndizosiyana.

• Kulephera kwa chisindikizo cha valve regulator. Kwa magalimoto a Renault Megan 2, valavu yowongolera gawo imayikidwa popumira kutsogolo kwa injini yoyaka mkati, komwe kuli dothi lambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati bokosi lopangira zinthu litaya kulimba kwake, fumbi ndi dothi lochokera kunja zimasakanikirana ndi mafuta ndikulowa mumtsempha wamagetsi. Zotsatira zake, ma valve akugwedezeka ndi kuvala kwa makina ozungulira a chowongolera chokha.
• Mavuto ozungulira ma valve. Izi zitha kukhala kusweka kwake, kuwonongeka kwa kukhudzana, kuwonongeka kwa kutsekereza, kuzungulira kwachidule kwa mlandu kapena waya wamagetsi, kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka kwa kukana.
• Ingress ya tchipisi ta pulasitiki. Pazigawo zowongolera, masambawo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Akatopa, amasintha geometry yawo ndikugwa pampando. Pamodzi ndi mafuta, amalowa mu valve, amasweka ndipo amaphwanyidwa. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti tsinde la valavu likhale losakwanira kapena ngakhale kupanikizana kwathunthu kwa tsinde.

Komanso, zifukwa zolephereka kwa gawo lowongolera zitha kukhala pakulephera kwa zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi izi:

• Zizindikiro zolakwika kuchokera ku DPKV ndi / kapena DPRV. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zovuta ndi masensa omwe awonetsedwa, komanso chifukwa chowongolera gawo chatha, chifukwa chomwe camshaft kapena crankshaft ili pamalo omwe amapitilira malire ovomerezeka panthawi inayake. Pankhaniyi, pamodzi ndi gawo regulator, muyenera kuyang'ana pa crankshaft udindo sensa ndi kuona DPRV.
• Mavuto a ECU. Nthawi zambiri, kulephera kwa mapulogalamu kumachitika mu gawo lowongolera zamagetsi, ndipo ngakhale ndi data yonse yolondola, imayamba kupereka zolakwika, kuphatikiza zokhudzana ndi gawo lowongolera.

Kuchotsa ndi kuyeretsa gawo lowongolera

Kuyang'ana ntchito ya fazik ikhoza kuchitika popanda kuchotsedwa. Koma kuchita cheke pa kuvala kwa gawo regulator, ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi disassembled. kuti mupeze komwe kuli, muyenera kuyenda kutsogolo kwa camshaft. Kutengera kapangidwe ka injini, kugwetsedwa kwa gawo lowongolera palokha kumasiyana. Komabe, ngakhale zitakhala choncho, lamba wa nthawi amaponyedwa m'bokosi lake. Choncho, muyenera kupereka mwayi kwa lamba, ndipo lamba wokha ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Pambuyo podula valavu, nthawi zonse yang'anani mkhalidwe wa mesh fyuluta. Ngati yadetsedwa, iyenera kutsukidwa (kutsukidwa ndi chotsukira). kuti mutsuke mauna, muyenera kukankhira mosamala m'malo owombera ndikuchotsa pampando. Ma mesh amatha kutsukidwa ndi petulo kapena madzi ena oyeretsera pogwiritsa ntchito mswachi kapena chinthu china chosalimba.

Valve yoyang'anira gawo yokha imatha kutsukidwanso ndi mafuta ndi kaboni madipoziti (kunja ndi mkati, ngati mapangidwe ake amalola) pogwiritsa ntchito carb cleaner. Ngati valavu ili yoyera, mukhoza kupitiriza kuyang'ana.

Momwe mungayang'anire gawo lowongolera

Pali njira imodzi yosavuta yowonera ngati chowongolera gawo mu injini yoyaka mkati chikugwira ntchito kapena ayi. Pa izi, mawaya awiri okha owonda pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka amafunikira. Cheke yake ndi motere:

• Chotsani pulagi kuchokera ku cholumikizira cha valve yoperekera mafuta kupita ku gawo lowongolera ndikulumikiza mawaya okonzeka pamenepo.
• Mapeto ena a waya wina ayenera kulumikizidwa ndi imodzi mwa mabatire (polarity sikofunika pankhaniyi).
• Siyani mbali ina ya waya wachiwiri mu limbo pakadali pano.
• Yambitsani injini kuzizira ndikuisiya kuti igwire ntchito. Ndikofunika kuti mafuta mu injini akhale ozizira!
• Lumikizani kumapeto kwa waya wachiwiri ku batire yachiwiri.
• Ngati injini yoyaka mkati ikayamba "kutsamwitsa", ndiye kuti gawo lowongolera likugwira ntchito, apo ayi - ayi!

Valavu ya solenoid ya gawo loyang'anira gawo iyenera kuyang'aniridwa molingana ndi algorithm iyi:

• Mukasankha njira yoyezera kukana pa tester, yesani pakati pa ma valve. Ngati tiganizira zambiri za buku la Megan 2, ndiye kuti kutentha kwa mpweya kwa + 20 ° C kuyenera kukhala kwapakati pa 6,7 ... 7,7 Ohm.
• Ngati kukana kuli kochepa, zikutanthauza kuti pali dera lalifupi; ngati zambiri, zikutanthauza dera lotseguka. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ma valve samakonzedwa, koma amasinthidwa ndi atsopano.

Muyeso wotsutsa ukhoza kupangidwa popanda kugwetsa, komabe, gawo la makina a valve liyenera kufufuzidwanso. Kwa ichi mudzafunika:

• Kuchokera pa gwero lamphamvu la 12 Volt (batire ya galimoto), ikani magetsi ndi mawaya owonjezera ku cholumikizira magetsi cha valve.
• Ngati valavu ikugwira ntchito komanso yoyera, pisitoni yake imatsika. Ngati magetsi achotsedwa, ndodoyo iyenera kubwerera kumalo ake oyambirira.
• kenako muyenera fufuzani kusiyana mu kwambiri anawonjezera maudindo. Iyenera kukhala yosapitirira 0,8 mm (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wachitsulo kuti muyang'ane zovomerezeka za valve). Ngati ndizochepa, ndiye kuti valavu iyenera kutsukidwa motsatira ndondomeko yomwe tafotokozera pamwambapa. kubwereza.

kuti "kutalikitsa moyo" wa gawo loyang'anira ndi valavu yake ya solenoid, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe zosefera zamafuta ndi mafuta pafupipafupi. Makamaka ngati makinawo akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta.

Kulakwitsa kwa gawo lowongolera

Kukachitika kuti mu gawo ulamuliro wapanga DF2 cholakwika "Renault Megane 080" (unyolo kusintha makhalidwe camshaft, dera lotseguka), ndiye choyamba muyenera kufufuza valavu malinga aligorivimu pamwamba. Ngati zikuyenda bwino, ndiye kuti mukuyenera "kuyimba" mozungulira waya kuchokera ku chipangizo cha valve kupita kumagetsi olamulira.

Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amapezeka m'malo awiri. Yoyamba ili muzitsulo zamawaya zomwe zimachokera ku ICE yokha kupita ku ICE control unit. Yachiwiri ili mu cholumikizira chokha. Ngati mawaya ali bwino, yang'anani cholumikizira. M'kupita kwa nthawi, zikhomo pa iwo ndi unnchnched. kuti muwachepetse, muyenera kuchita izi:

• chotsani chotengera pulasitiki kuchokera ku cholumikizira (kokani mmwamba);
• pambuyo pake, mwayi wolumikizana nawo mkati udzawonekera;
• mofananamo, m'pofunika kuchotsa mbali yakumbuyo ya thupi la mwiniwake;
• pambuyo pake, pezani waya wina ndi wachiwiri kumbuyo (ndi bwino kuchitapo kanthu, kuti musasokoneze pinout);
• pa terminal yotuluka, muyenera kulimbitsa ma terminals mothandizidwa ndi chinthu chakuthwa;
• bwezeretsani chirichonse pamalo ake oyambirira.

Kulepheretsa gawo loyang'anira

Oyendetsa galimoto ambiri akuda nkhawa ndi funsoli - ndizotheka kuyendetsa ndi wowongolera gawo lolakwika? Yankho ndi inde, mungathe, koma muyenera kumvetsa zotsatira zake. Ngati, pazifukwa zina, mukadaganiza zozimitsa gawo lowongolera, ndiye kuti mutha kuchita izi (monga Renault Megan 2 yemweyo):

• chotsani pulagi kuchokera ku cholumikizira cha valve yoperekera mafuta kupita ku gawo lowongolera;
• Zotsatira zake, zolakwika DF080 zidzachitika, ndipo mwina zina zowonjezera pamaso pa kuwonongeka kofanana;
• kuti muchotse cholakwikacho ndi "kunyenga" gawo lowongolera, muyenera kuyika chopinga chamagetsi chokhala ndi kukana pafupifupi 7 ohms pakati pa ma terminals awiri pa pulagi (monga tafotokozera pamwambapa - 6,7 ... 7,7 ohms kwa nyengo yofunda);
• konzanso zolakwika zomwe zidachitika mugawo lowongolera mwadongosolo kapena podula batire yoyipa kwa masekondi angapo;
• sungani bwino pulagi yomwe yachotsedwa mu chipinda cha injini kuti isasungunuke ndikusokoneza mbali zina.

Chonde dziwani kuti gawo lowongolera likazimitsidwa, mphamvu ya ICE imatsika pafupifupi 15% ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka pang'ono.

Pomaliza

Automakers amalangiza kusintha owongolera gawo lililonse 100 ... 200 makilomita zikwi. Ngati adagogoda kale - choyamba muyenera kuyang'ana valavu yake, chifukwa ndizosavuta. Zili kwa mwini galimoto kuti asankhe kapena ayimitse "fazik" chifukwa izi zimabweretsa zotsatira zoipa. Kugwetsa ndikusintha gawo lowongolera palokha ndi ntchito yovuta pamakina onse amakono. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuchita izi pokhapokha ngati muli ndi chidziwitso chantchito komanso zida zoyenera. Koma ndi bwino kupempha thandizo kwa galimoto.