poopsezedwa ndi nkhondo. Wielkopolska BK mu "Operation Zaolzier"
Mlatho wophiphiritsa kudutsa Mtsinje wa Olca ku Cieszyn - mawonekedwe kuchokera ku mbali ya Czechoslovak.
Zinalinso zofunikira kuti chiwerengero cha anthu a m'gawo lomwe akufunsidwacho chinali chochuluka kwambiri komanso chogwirizana kwambiri ndi Republic of Poland. Dera lonse lotsutsana, lomwe linali chinthu cha zonena za mbali ya ku Poland, linali 1085,2 km2, yomwe ili kuwirikiza kanayi dera la mzinda wamakono wa Poznań. Chifukwa cha malo ake, Zaolsie anali wolemera m'madipoziti azinthu zopangira komanso m'makampani amakono amigodi ndi zitsulo. Atalanda gawo ili, Poland adalandira mabizinesi angapo amakampani, kuphatikiza imodzi mwazomera zamphamvu kwambiri ku Europe ku Trzynec. Kuphatikiza apo, njanji ziwiri zofunika kwambiri zidadutsa ku Zaolzie: Zebrzydowice - Moravska Ostrava ndi Racibórz - Žilina yokhala ndi njanji yayikulu kwambiri ku Bohumin ku Czech Republic.
Kukonzekera
Mapulani oyambilira ankhondo adakonzedwa kuyambira 1935, koma vuto la Munich lokha lidayambitsa vuto lomwe, kumbali ina, linalola Poland kuchitapo kanthu molimba mtima, ndipo, kumbali ina, idayika dziko la Poland ngati wothandizana nawo wachitatu. Reich, makamaka pamaso pa anthu akunja. Kuphatikiza pa zokambirana zazikulu zamphamvu pazonena za boma la Germany, masewera achiwiri, ang'onoang'ono aukazembe adaseweredwa. Malingaliro oyamba okhudza kuyambika kwa zigawenga zotsutsana ndi Czechoslovakia adawuka pamayendedwe otchedwa Volyn (5 DP, 1 DK, 1 SBC ndi 10 motorized BC), pafupifupi Seputembara 15-16. Komabe, mfundoyi mwamsanga anawonjezeredwa ku ntchito zonse zankhondo, poganizira ntchito mayunitsi ili mu Lutsk dera, makamaka 10 Motorized Cavalry Brigade (pano: 10 BK) ndi 21 Mountain Rifle Division (pano: 21) DPG), yomwe mbali yaku Poland idatha kugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu motsutsana ndi mnansi wake, yemwe anali pamavuto ovuta kwambiri.
Pa Okutobala 21, Praga adalandira chigamulo kuchokera ku Poland chofuna kubwereranso kwa Zaolzie. Lingaliroli lidathandizidwa kwambiri ndi malingaliro omwe akukula pang'onopang'ono mdziko muno. Marichi tsiku lomwelo. Rydz-Smigly ankaona kuti n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito asilikali a ku Poland pa nkhondo yomwe inakonzedwa nthawi zonse, ndipo magulu oyambirira a asilikali okwera pamahatchi anali atatulutsidwa kale ku njanji kumbali ya ku Poland ya Olza. Patatha tsiku limodzi, lamulo lovomerezeka linaperekedwa kuti likonzekere gulu la Independent Operational Group "Slensk" (pambuyo pake: SGO "Slensk"), ndipo nthawi ya utumiki wa chaka chachikulu cha ntchito yogwira ntchito inawonjezedwa, ndipo kumapeto kwa September iye anali. akuyenera kusintha kukhala moyo wamba. Wodalirika kwambiri Inspector General wa Armed Forces General Vladislav Bortnovsky, yemwe adatumikira monga mkulu wa ntchito ku GISZ kuyambira 1935, adasankhidwa kukhala mkulu wa gulu lapadera.
Zotsatira za zisankho zomwe zaperekedwa pamwambapa zinali kuti - pakati pa mwezi wa September 1938 - magulu a Wielkopolska BK omwe ali ku Poznań ndi madera ake, ndi gulu lachisanu ndi chiwiri la Cavalry Artillery Squadron (lomwe limadziwika kuti DAK 7) linayikidwa. tcheru . Zinthu zitayamba kuchitika, monamizira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, osungitsa chitetezo adaitanidwa, kufuna kubwezeretsanso mayiko amtendere omwe adasowa, makamaka asitikali achaka chatha. Ndizovuta kupeza mwachisawawa mu njirayi. Munthawi yazandale, magulu onse am'malire adakhala tcheru. Ambiri mwa omwe amatchedwa "Green Group" adapanga BC pamodzi ndi magulu ankhondo a akavalo (dak) omwe adalumikizidwa kwa iwo, omwe, malinga ndi malingaliro amalingaliro ndi kulimbikitsa, amayenera kuyamwa mwachangu osungira omwe amakhala pafupi ndi mzindawu. asilikali.
Zochita zomwe zidachitika mwadzidzidzi ku Wielkopolska, kutali ndi Cieszyn Silesia, zinali zogwirizana mwachindunji ndi ndondomeko yogwiritsira ntchito mayunitsi a Wielkopolska Cavalry Brigade (pambuyo pake: VKK) monga gawo la Śląsk SGO, yomwe cholinga chake chinali kulanda Zaolz. Kuchokera muzolemba ndi malipoti, tikudziwa kuti, mwachitsanzo, DAK yachisanu ndi chiwiri ku Poznan idapereka batire limodzi ndi zinthu zowongolera, nzeru ndi kulumikizana, onse: maofesala 7, maofesala 5 osatumizidwa, 18 achinsinsi, akavalo 158 ndi mfuti 183. . Mtsogoleri wa batire anali kale mkulu wa dion, Lieutenant Colonel Ludwik Savitsky, ndipo bwana wake anali ozimitsa moto. Franciszek Piasecki.
Chifukwa choperekera batri imodzi yokha chikugwirizana ndi nthawi yokonzekera ntchito yochira. Mu theka lachiwiri la September ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October, asilikali okwera pamahatchi anamasula akuluakulu kukhala anthu wamba, ndipo achinyamata omwe amawalembera amangogwera m'magulu ndi m'mapanga. Podziwa mbiri ya ndondomeko ya Russia yonse yosintha zaka za usilikali mu BC, munthu akhoza kumvetsa chifukwa chake DAK yachisanu ndi chiwiri sinagwiritse ntchito zida zofunikira. Magawo awa sanafike ku Zaolzye, omwe analinso chifukwa cha kusakhutira kwa akavalo mu unit, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti apange mabatire awiri osakwanira kwakanthawi.
Izi zinanenedwa ndi msilikali Leon Boguslavsky, polemba mu lipoti lake la zida za Slyonsk SGO: kubwereka sitima yapamadzi. Mavutowa adachepetsedwa pang'ono pogawidwa kwa magalimoto 7 omwe adatumizidwa kuti atuluke m'gulu lankhondo la 3rd battalion. Zida zankhondo pa nthawi yake ndi zida zonse zofunika zidatengedwa ndi mayunitsi a VBC pang'ono kuchokera ku nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zomwe zili m'malo osungiramo zinthu, ndiyeno, malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, zidasamutsidwa ku dipatimenti yoyenera ya V Corps District Command (pambuyo pake). : DOK). Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti asilikali analandira thandizo lathunthu la mfuti zotsutsana ndi akasinja ndi zida zankhondo, migodi yotsutsana ndi akasinja yamitundu iwiri (1 pc) ndi "migodi ya gasi".
Panthawi imeneyi, ndi bwino kufunsa chifukwa wina wa kum'mawa kwa BC, kapena Krakow BC pafupi kwambiri ndi zisudzo tsogolo la ntchito, amene anali analogi wa Poznan 5-batire 10 tsap, sanatumizidwe kutenga nawo mbali mu Zaolzhie. ntchito. Yankho la funsoli ndi losavuta, koma limafuna kuwona mozama kwambiri za momwe zinthu zilili panthawiyo zandale komanso zankhondo. Mawonekedwe a mutu wa Zaolzier wamtsogolo m'malo apakati adayambitsa kusamvetsetsana kochokera kwa omwe adachita nawo chidwi kwambiri pamasewera apakati pamasiku khumi oyambirira a Seputembala. Mmodzi wa iwo, penapake mwaufulu anasiya kumbuyo kwa zochitika, anali Soviet Union (pano: USSR), womangidwa ndi mgwirizano ndi Czechoslovakia. Malipoti okhudza kuchuluka kwa asitikali a Red Army kum'mawa kwa malire a Second Polish Republic adayamba kufika ku Warsaw kuzungulira Seputembara 23, patsogolo pa mayendedwe aliwonse aku Poland. Kukula kwa zoyesayesa zankhondo za USSR kunawonetsa kukonzekera kwa zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi. Potengera kafukufuku wamasiku ano, akuti magulu ankhondo ambiri omwe adakhazikika kumalire akumadzulo kwa USSR adayikidwa tcheru pakati pa Seputembara 25 ndi 1938 XNUMX. zomwe zinasonyeza zolinga zotsutsana ndi chifuniro cha "mgwirizano" wothandizira ku Czechoslovakia. Komanso, panthawi imodzimodziyo, Soviet Union inatsutsa mwalamulo nkhondo ya Poland yomwe inakonzedwa kale polimbana ndi Czechoslovakia. Poganizira kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, kunali kosatheka kulekanitsa magulu angapo a Great Formations (Ankhondo), makamaka apakavalo, kuchokera kummawa kwa PKD. Cholinga chachikulu cha magawo a "gulu lobiriwira", i.e. . M’mikhalidwe yoteroyo, DOK VII (Poznań) ndi DOK VIII (Torun) anawoneka kukhala osakhudzidwa kwenikweni.
