N'chifukwa chiyani kanyumba kununkhiza mafuta

Aliyense amadziwa momwe mafuta amanunkhira. Ndipo ngakhale kuti anthu ena amaona kuti fungo lake n’lokoma, ziyenera kuzindikirika kuti ndi loipa kwambiri. Ndipotu, ndi chimodzi mwa ziphe zoopsa kwambiri zomwe munthu ayenera kulimbana nazo pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Kukoka mpweya wamafuta agalimoto kumayambitsa mutu, chizungulire, kuledzera kwamankhwala, nseru, komanso kutopa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kukhudzana pafupipafupi ndi mankhwala ang'onoang'ono a poizoni omwe ali muutsi wa petulo, chiphe chakupha chikhoza kuchitika, chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha, chiwindi, ubereki, ndi ubongo. Large Mlingo kungayambitse pachimake poizoni, amene akuwonetseredwa ndi kupuma movutikira, zokokomoka, kuyerekezera zinthu m`maganizo, kukomoka, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka imfa. Malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa petulo mumlengalenga, zizindikiro za poizoni zingawonekere mkati mwa mphindi zochepa. Kuphatikiza pa kuopsa kwa thanzi laposachedwa, poizoni wa dalaivala ungayambitse kutayika kwa kayendetsedwe ka galimoto ndi zotsatira zake zonse. Choncho, kukhalapo kwa fungo la petulo m'chipinda chokwera galimoto sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa.

Pansi pazikhalidwe, kanyumba sayenera kununkhiza mafuta kapena dizilo. Komabe, nthawi zina fungo limawoneka. Kumene zimachokera komanso momwe tingathanirane nazo, tiyeni tiyese kuzilingalira m'nkhaniyi.

Kutaya kwa petulo m'chipinda cha injini

Chilichonse chomwe chili pansi pa chivundikirocho chikuwoneka bwino, kotero kuyang'anitsitsa kudzawona ngati gwero la vutoli lili pano kapena liyenera kufufuzidwa kwina.

Mafuta amatha kutayikira pamzere wamafuta ndikulumikizana ndi zosefera. Machubu a mphira okha amatha kukalamba komanso kuvulaza kwa mafuta, ming'alu imawonekera pa iwo, pomwe mafuta amatuluka. Nthunzi yake imawunjikana mu chipinda cha injini ndiyeno kulowa mu kanyumba chifukwa cha mpweya wabwino.

Ngati nthunzi yamafuta imatuluka kwinakwake mu chipinda cha injini, ndiye kuti "fungo" m'galimoto lidzasungidwa mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu thanki.

Ichi ndiye gwero lowopsa kwambiri la fungo, popeza pali mawaya amagetsi ambiri pano. Kuwala pang'ono chifukwa cha kusalumikizana bwino kungayambitse kuyatsa ndi moto womwe ungathe kuwononga galimotoyo mumphindi zochepa. Choncho, ngati mukumva fungo la mafuta mu kanyumba, choyamba muyenera kuyang'ana pansi pa hood.

Onetsetsani kuti mapaipi amagetsi amalumikizidwa mwamphamvu, limbitsani zingwe ngati kuli kofunikira. Bwezerani mapaipi omwe ang'ambika kapena ophulika. Matepi owutsa vulcanizing kapena njira zina zofananira zokonzera machubu a rabara zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira kwakanthawi kochepa. Kumbukirani za chitetezo ndipo musamangoganizira zazing'ono.

Ayeneranso kufufuzidwa. Pulagi yomwe ili ndi vuto kapena lotayirira imatha kulola kuti mpweya wa petulo udutse, womwe umayamwa mwachangu muchipinda chokwera.

Depressurization ya mzere wa mafuta

Pazifukwa zachitetezo, injini ndi tanki yamafuta mgalimoto zimalekanitsidwa ndi mtunda wina ndi mnzake. Mafuta amalowa mu injini kudzera mu mzere wamafuta womwe uli pansi pa thupi. Ikhozanso kutayikira. Popeza palibe mawaya amagetsi pafupi, moto pankhaniyi ndi wokayikitsa. Komabe, kuthetheka kwachisawawa sikungachotsedwenso pano.

Fyuluta yamafuta

Kutayikira mu dongosolo loperekera mafuta kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi fyuluta yotsekeka yamafuta. Mafuta opopa pampu amayenera kugwira ntchito pamagetsi ochulukirapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuthamanga kwamagetsi komanso kuwonjezereka kwa mwayi wotuluka. Ngati pampu yamafuta ikulira kwambiri kuposa nthawi zonse, yang'anani ndikusintha. Ngati khalidwe lake ndi losakayikira, koma limatsekedwa mofulumira kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kusintha malo opangira mafuta. Kutsekeka kumasonyezedwanso mwachindunji ndi kutayika kwa mphamvu ndi kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya injini, makamaka panthawi yothamanga.

Zodabwitsa za Tanki Yamafuta

Voliyumu yayikulu yamafuta imayikidwa mu thanki ya gasi, kotero ndizomveka kuganiza kuti ndiye gwero lalikulu la fungo la mafuta. Ndipo pali zifukwa zoganizira zimenezi. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zenizeni za izi.

Khosi

Khosi la filler limamangiriridwa ku thanki ndi bolting kapena kuwotcherera. Kukhazikika kwa weld kumatha kusokonekera pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kapena zifukwa zina. Kulumikizana kwa bolt nthawi zambiri kumatenga nthawi yayitali, koma gasket yakenso sikhala kwanthawizonse ndipo imatha kutsika posachedwa.

Filler cap

M'malo abwino, kapu imalepheretsa mafuta kutuluka mu thanki ndikulowa kwa nthunzi ya petulo kupita ku chilengedwe. Ngati ili ndi ming'alu kapena yopindika momasuka kapena gasket yatha, mafuta ndi nthunzi zake zimadutsa m'ming'alu. Popeza chivindikirocho nthawi zambiri chimakutidwa ndi hatch, kununkhiza sikudzakokoloka kwambiri panja chifukwa kumakokedwa mnyumbamo.

Ngati gasket yosweka kapena yopunduka, chivundikirocho chiyenera kusinthidwa.

M'magalimoto akale, pakhoza kukhala valavu yotulutsa mpweya pachivundikirocho. Mpweya wa petulo umachotsedwa kudzera m'menemo ndi kuthamanga kwambiri mu thanki. Ngati valavu yatsekedwa, nthunzi imatulukanso. M'mitundu yamakono yokhala ndi makina obwezeretsa mpweya wamafuta, chivundikirocho chimakhala ndi valavu yolowera. Imadutsa mpweya kuchokera kunja kuti ulipire kutsika kwamphamvu mu thanki pamene mafuta amadyedwa.

thupi la tank

Malo a tanki yamafuta pawokha atha kukhalanso magwero a vutoli. Chifukwa cha mawotchi amakhudzidwa, monga momwe zimakhudzira, ming'alu imatha kupanga momwemo, momwe mafuta amakhudzira. Kuwonongeka kwa tanki ya gasi, makamaka m'magalimoto akale, kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha dzimbiri.

Momwe tanki imamangiriridwa imatha kuwononganso thanki. Kawirikawiri imayimitsidwa kuchokera pansi pa thupi ndi kukanikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi zitsulo. Iwo, nawonso, amamangidwira ku chassis. Mapangidwe awa, ophatikizidwa ndi ma gaskets, amasunga bwino tanki yamafuta ndipo samalola kuti azitha kutuluka. Komabe, pazifukwa zina, ma gaskets kapena zingwe zachitsulo zitha kuonongeka, thanki imayamba kuyenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono imapaka thupi. Kulemera kwambiri komanso kugwedezeka kosalekeza kumafulumizitsa njirayi, ndipo pakapita nthawi, kukangana kumayambitsa kupanga dzenje.

Tanki yotayikira iyenera kusinthidwa. Koma, monga nthawi zonse, kukonza bwino ndikupewa. Kuyang'ana kwanthawi ndi nthawi kwa tanki yamafuta ndikuwunika kudalirika kwa kukhazikika kwake kudzapewa zovuta ndi ndalama zosafunikira.

pompa mafuta

M'magalimoto amakono, pampu yamafuta yamtundu wa submersible imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Gawo lamafuta lomwe lili ndi pampu ndi sensor level level mafuta lili mkati mwa thanki yamafuta ndipo limakhazikika mu dzenje la flange kumtunda kwake. Kulimba apa kumaperekedwa ndi gasket ya rabara, yomwe pakapita nthawi imatha kukhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuyambitsa kutulutsa utsi wamafuta. Kulimba kungathenso kusweka chifukwa cha kuyika kosayenera kwa gasket. Gasket yowonongeka iyenera kusinthidwa.

Pali zowonjezera pamwamba pa module ya mafuta. Kupyolera mwa iwo, mafuta amaperekedwa ku mzere wa mafuta, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumabwezeretsedwa ku thanki. Malo omwe amatha kutayikira ndi kulumikizana kwa mapaipi ndi zolumikizira. Popeza zopangirazo zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki, kuthekera kwa kuwonongeka sikungathetsedwe. Machubu a rabara omwe amalumikiza pampu yamafuta ku mzere wamafuta amakhalanso pachiwopsezo.

Itha kutayikira yokha. Mmenemo, ma gaskets owonongeka ndi diaphragm yowonongeka ikhoza kukhala magwero a vutoli. Akhoza kusinthidwa ndi inu nokha pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyenera kukonza.

Kudetsa nkhawa kwa pampu yamafuta kumawonekera kwambiri mutangowonjezera mafuta, makamaka ngati thanki yodzaza. Pamene injini imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta, mphamvu ya nthunzi mu thanki imatsika ndipo fungo limachepa.

Makina opangira mpweya wa tanki yamafuta

Kuwonongeka kwa evaporative emission system ndi gwero lina la fungo losasangalatsa mkati mwagalimoto. Dongosololi limagwira ntchito zingapo - limachepetsa mpweya woyipa m'mlengalenga, limachepetsa kuwononga mafuta ndikutulutsa thanki yamafuta, kuteteza kuwonjezereka kowopsa kwa kukakamizidwa komweko chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nthunzi yamafuta.

Pamene kuthamanga mu thanki (6) kukwera, nthunzi kudzera mu valavu yamakina (8) imalowa mu adsorber (4). Ndi chidebe chomwe chili ndi chinthu chapadera - adsorbent, chomwe chimatha kusunga ndi kusonkhanitsa nthunzi yamafuta. Activated carbon ndiye adsorbent yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Dongosololi lili ndi ma electromagnetic purge valve (3) yoyendetsedwa ndi ECU malinga ndi algorithm yapadera. Pakugwira ntchito kwa injini, valavu imatsegulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi polamulidwa ndi gawo lowongolera, kulola kuti nthunzi zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa mu adsorber zidutse mumitundu yambiri (1). Kumeneko amasakanizidwa ndi gawo lalikulu la mafuta ndipo kenako amawotchedwa muzitsulo za injini.

The adsorber ndi chinthu chomwecho consumable monga Zosefera, makandulo, mafuta, ndi zina zotero. M'kupita kwa nthawi, adsorbent imataya mphamvu zake zogwirira ntchito, imayipitsidwa ndikusiya kugwira ntchito zake. Ngakhale adsorber amatha kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, ambiri amangonyalanyaza kapena sakudziwa za kukhalapo kwake.

Chinthu china chowopsa cha dongosololi ndi valve yoyeretsa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imalephera.

Serviceability wa valavu akhoza kufufuzidwa paokha. Amachotsedwa mosavuta, chifukwa cha izi muyenera kuchotsa machubu awiri oyenera ndikuchotsa chipikacho ndi mawaya.

M'malo abwino, valavu iyenera kutsekedwa ndipo musalole kuti mpweya udutse. Mukhoza kuyang'ana izi powombera, mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito peyala. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera ku batri kupita ku zolumikizira zolumikizira, valavu iyenera kutsegulidwa. Ngati valavu ya solenoid sikugwira ntchito bwino, iyenera kusinthidwa.

Dongosolo loyendetsa mafuta olakwika pa tanki yamafuta sikuti limangothandiza kuti fungo la petulo liziwoneka mnyumbamo, komanso lingayambitsenso kuwonongeka kwa injini.

Zifukwa fungo la mafuta mu kanyumba, osati okhudzana ndi luso malfunction

Kununkhira kwa kanyumba sikumawonetsa kusagwira ntchito nthawi zonse, ndipo chifukwa chake chimawoneka chofala kwambiri.

M'misewu ya m'mizinda ikakhala anthu ambiri, utsi wotuluka m'magalimoto ena umatha kulowa kudzera m'mipata ya zitseko kapena mawindo otsegula.

Pa liwiro lalikulu, chipwirikiti cha mpweya chikhoza kuchitika, ndiyeno utsi wanu ukhoza kuyamwa mu kanyumba chifukwa cha mpweya woyatsira mpweya kapena mawindo otseguka omwewo.

Ngati mukubwera ndi botolo lamafuta, onetsetsani kuti chipewa chake chatsekedwa. Osadzaza chidebecho kuti chikhale chokwanira, makamaka m'nyengo yofunda, siyani masentimita angapo a malo aulere pamwamba kuti nthunzi zamafuta zisathawe ndi kukakamizidwa.

Nsanza zoviikidwa ndi petulo mu thunthu, mphasa zapansi, zophimba ndi zinthu zina zimatha kununkhiza ngati mafuta atayikirapo. Osatengera izi mopepuka - phulusa laling'ono kapena phulusa la ndudu likhoza kuyatsa moto.

Momwe mungachepetse fungo

Ngati fungo linawonekera modzidzimutsa kumbali ya ulendo, muyenera kuyimitsa mwamsanga, kutulutsa mpweya mu kanyumba, kudziwa komwe kumachokera kununkhira ndikukonza vutoli.

Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kuyamba kusokoneza fungo. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo.

Mpweya wabwino

Mutha kutsegula zitseko zonse ndikusiya fungo lichoke palokha. Zinthu zapayekha zoviikidwa mu petulo zitha kuchotsedwa mgalimoto. Vuto ndi njirayi ndikuti zimatengera tsiku limodzi kuti zisawonongeke. Ngati mulibe garaja yokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, ndiye kuti njirayi siyingagwire ntchito kwa inu.

Salon kuyeretsa kouma

Iyi ndiyo njira yowonjezereka komanso yothandiza kwambiri yochotsera fungo losasangalatsa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo bweretsani mkati mwa galimoto yanu mwadongosolo. Kuyeretsa kwaukatswiri sikutsika mtengo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu ngati galimoto yanu ikufunika kuyeretsedwa kwambiri. Ndipo ngati tikungonena za kuchotsa fungo, mukhoza kuyesa njira zotsika mtengo za anthu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma absorbents

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuyamwa fungo lamafuta agalimoto. Zotsika mtengo kwambiri mwazo ndi khofi wapansi ndi makala oyaka. Ayenera kuikidwa mkati mwa galimotoyo, koma ndi bwino kuwabalalitsa m'madera ovuta ndikuwasiya kwa masiku angapo, kenako kuwachotsa ndi chotsuka chotsuka.

Zotsatira zabwino ndikugwiritsanso ntchito soda. Koma sangasiyidwe kupitilira tsiku limodzi.

Viniga akhoza kukhala wothandizira wabwino. Chisakanizo cha viniga ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 2 chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza makapeti, pansi ndi malo ena. Kupuma mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito vinyo wosasa kudzatenga maola angapo.

Zonunkhira

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta onunkhira ndikoyenera m'malo okhala. Koma sizimachotsa fungo la mafuta, koma zimangophimba, choncho ndizopanda nzeru kugwiritsa ntchito izi mkati mwa galimoto. Ponena za ma aerosols, ndi owopsa mwa iwo okha.

Pomaliza

Ndizotheka kufunafuna gwero la fungo la petulo nokha. Nthawi zambiri, ndizothekanso kuthetsa vutolo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zamagalimoto. Ngati m'magalasi sizingatheke kuthetsa vutoli, ndiye kuti muyenera kutembenukira kwa akatswiri. 

Sikoyenera kuvutitsidwa ndi izi. Kuwonjezera pa ngozi za thanzi ndi ngozi zamoto zomwe takambiranazi, palinso chinthu china choyenera kuganizira. Mpweya wa petulo, kulowa mkati mwa galimotoyo, umalowetsedwa muzomaliza ndikuziwononga. Ngati palibe chomwe chachitika, pakapita nthawi mkati mwa kanyumbako kamakhala ndi mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino. Kuti mubwezeretsenso kuwala kwake koyambirira, m'malo mwake mungafunike, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kufooketsa zowonjezera.