AAV7 amphibious onyamula zida zankhondo
AAV7A1 RAM/RS transporter yokhala ndi zida za EAK pagombe ku Vico Morski.
Kupanga chonyamulira chankhondo choyandama chinali chofunikira panthawiyi ku United States. Izi zinachitika pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, imene anthu a ku America ankamenyana makamaka ku Pacific. Zomwe zidachitikazi zidaphatikizanso ziwawa zambiri, komanso kutsimikizika kwazilumba zakomweko, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimazunguliridwa ndi matanthwe a miyala yamchere, zidapangitsa kuti zida zankhondo zakale zomwe zidakhazikika nthawi zambiri zidakhazikika paiwo ndikugwera pamoto wa oteteza. Njira yothetsera vutoli inali galimoto yatsopano yomwe imaphatikiza mawonekedwe a bwato lotsetsereka ndi galimoto yamtundu uliwonse kapena ngakhale galimoto yankhondo.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa kaboti kakang'ono ka mawilo kunali kosatheka, popeza kuti makorale akuthwa amadula matayala, kutsala chiboliboli chokhachokha. Pofuna kufulumizitsa ntchitoyi, galimoto ya "Ng'ona", yomwe inamangidwa mu 1940 ngati galimoto yopulumutsa anthu m'mphepete mwa nyanja, inagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupanga mtundu wake wankhondo, wotchedwa LVT-1 (galimoto yotsika, yotsatiridwa), idatengedwa ndi FMC ndipo yoyamba mwa magalimoto 1225 idaperekedwa mu Julayi 1941. pafupifupi 2 16pcs! Wina, LVT-000 "Bush-master", adapangidwa mu kuchuluka kwa 3. Gawo la makina a LVT opangidwa linaperekedwa pansi pa Lend-Lease kwa British.
Pambuyo pa mapeto a nkhondo, oyandama onyamula zida onyamula zida anayamba kuonekera m'mayiko ena, koma zofunika kwa iwo anali, mfundo zosiyana ndi nkhani ya American. Amayenera kukakamiza zotchinga zamkati zamkati, choncho khalani pamadzi kwa mphindi khumi ndi ziwiri kapena ziwiri. Kuthina kwa chiboliboli sikunafunikire kukhala kwangwiro, ndipo pampu yaing'ono ya bilige nthawi zambiri inali yokwanira kuchotsa madzi otuluka. Kuonjezera apo, galimoto yotereyi sinayenera kulimbana ndi mafunde aakulu, ndipo ngakhale chitetezo chake chotsutsana ndi dzimbiri sichinkafuna chisamaliro chapadera, chifukwa chinasambira mozungulira, komanso ngakhale m'madzi abwino.
Komabe, asilikali a m'madzi a ku United States ankafunika galimoto yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri panyanja, yokhoza kuyenda m'mafunde akuluakulu komanso kuyenda mtunda wautali pamadzi, komanso "kusambira" kwa maola angapo. Ochepa anali 45 km, i.e. 25 Nautical miles, popeza ankaganiza kuti pamtunda wotere kuchokera kumphepete mwa nyanja, zombo zotsika ndi zida sizingafike kwa adani. Pankhani ya chassis, panali kufunikira kothana ndi zopinga zazikulu (gombe silinayenera kukhala gombe lamchenga nthawi zonse, kukwanitsa kugonjetsa matanthwe a coral kunali kofunikanso), kuphatikiza makoma oyimirira kutalika kwa mita imodzi (mdani nthawi zambiri amayikidwa. zopinga zosiyanasiyana pagombe).
Wolowa m'malo wa Buffalo - LVTP-5 (P - for Personnel, i.e. yonyamula ana akhanda) kuyambira 1956, yotulutsidwa mu kuchuluka kwa makope 1124, amafanana ndi onyamula zida zankhondo zakale ndipo amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kochititsa chidwi. Galimotoyo inali yolemera matani 32 ndipo imatha kunyamula asilikali okwana 26 (onyamula ena a nthawiyo anali ndi matani osapitirira 15). Inalinso ndi njira yolowera kutsogolo, yankho lomwe limalola woyendetsa ndegeyo kusiya galimotoyo ngakhale atatsekeredwa pagombe lotsetsereka. Chifukwa chake, chotengeracho chimafanana ndi sitima yapamtunda yokwera. Chisankhochi chinasiyidwa popanga "sitima yoyandama yoyandama" yotsatira.
Galimoto yatsopanoyi idapangidwa ndi FMC Corp. kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 60, dipatimenti ya usilikali yomwe inadzatchedwanso United Defense, ndipo tsopano imatchedwa US Combat Systems ndipo ili m'gulu la BAE Systems. M'mbuyomu, kampaniyo sinapange magalimoto a LVT okha, komanso onyamula zida za M113, komanso magalimoto omenyera makanda a M2 Bradley ndi magalimoto ogwirizana nawo. LVT idalandiridwa ndi US Marine Corps mu 1972 ngati LVTP-7. Kulemera kwankhondo ya mtundu woyambira kumafika matani 23, ogwira nawo ntchito ndi asitikali anayi, ndipo asitikali onyamula amatha kukhala anthu 20÷25. Kuyenda mikhalidwe, komabe, sikuli bwino, popeza ankhondo amakhala pamabenchi awiri opapatiza m'mbali ndi lachitatu, lopinda limodzi, lomwe lili mu ndege yotalikirapo yagalimoto. Mabenchi amakhala omasuka pang'ono ndipo samateteza ku kugunda kwamphamvu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa migodi. Malo otsetsereka omwe ali ndi 4,1 × 1,8 × 1,68 m amafikiridwa kudzera muzitsulo zinayi padenga la hull ndi msewu waukulu wam'mbuyo wokhala ndi khomo laling'ono lozungulira. Zida zamfuti za 12,7-mm M85 zinali mu turret yaing'ono yokhala ndi electro-hydraulic drive, yomwe imayikidwa pambali ya starboard kumbali yakutsogolo ya hull.
