Tanki yayikulu yankhondo T-72B3
Main nkhondo akasinja T-72B3 chitsanzo 2016 (T-72B3M) pa maphunziro parade May mu Moscow. Chochititsa chidwi ndi zida zatsopano zankhondo zomwe zili pazivundikiro zam'mbali za hull ndi chassis, komanso zowonera zotchingira zoteteza chipinda chowongolera.
Pa May 9, pa Chigonjetso Parade ku Moscow, kusinthidwa kwaposachedwa kwa T-72B3 MBT kunaperekedwa kwa nthawi yoyamba. Ngakhale kuti sizothandiza kwambiri kuposa zosintha za T-14 za banja la Armata, magalimoto amtundu uwu ndi chitsanzo cha kusasinthasintha pakukonzekera zida zamakono za Russian Federation. Chaka ndi chaka, T-72B3 - misa wamakono akasinja T-72B - amakhala maziko a asilikali ankhondo Russian Army.
T-72B (Chinthu 184) idayamba kugwira ntchito pa Okutobala 27, 1984. Panthawi yolowa ntchito, inali yotsogola kwambiri mwa mitundu "makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu ziwiri" yomwe idapangidwa mochuluka ku Soviet Union. Mphamvu ya makinawa inali chitetezo cha zida za mbali zakutsogolo za turret, kuposa za banja la T-64 komanso zofanana ndi mitundu yaposachedwa ya T-80. Pakupanga, zida zophatikizika zidalimbikitsidwa ndi chishango chokhazikika (mtundu uwu nthawi zina umatchedwa T-72BV). Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa makatiriji 4S20 "Kontakt-1" kumawonjezera mwayi wa T-72B polimbana ndi mfuti ndi mutu wankhondo. Mu 1988, rocket chishango m'malo ndi latsopano 4S22 "Kontakt-5", amenenso kuchepetsa luso lolowera wa sub-caliber projectiles kugunda thanki. Magalimoto okhala ndi zida zotere anali osavomerezeka otchedwa T-72BM, ngakhale mu zolemba zankhondo amatchedwa T-72B wa 1989 chitsanzo.
Kusintha kwamakono kwa T-72B ku Russia
Okonza T-72B anafuna osati kusintha ❖ kuyanika zida, komanso kuonjezera firepower. thanki anali ndi zida 2A46M mizinga, kusintha kamangidwe ka retractors, amene anali olondola kuposa 2A26M / 2A46 yapita. Kulumikizana kwa bayonet pakati pa mbiya ndi chipinda cha breech kunayambitsidwanso, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zitheke kusintha mbiyayo popanda kukweza turret. Mfutiyi yasinthidwanso kuwombera zida zamtundu watsopano, komanso zida zoponyera zida za 9K119 9M120 system. Njira ya 2E28M yowongolera ndi kukhazikika idasinthidwanso ndi 2E42-2 yokhala ndi ma electro-hydraulic lift drives ndi electromechanical turret traverse drives. Dongosolo latsopanolo silinangokhala ndi zochulukirapo kapena zochepera kawiri kulondola kwa magawo okhazikika, komanso linaperekanso kachitatu kothamanga kwa turret.
Zosintha zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zinapangitsa kuti kulemera kwa nkhondo kuchuluke kuchokera ku matani 41,5 (T-72A) mpaka matani 44,5. anaganiza kuwonjezera mphamvu injini. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kale dizilo W-780-574 ndi mphamvu ya 46 hp. (6 kW) m'malo ndi injini W-84-1, mphamvu imene chinawonjezeka mpaka 618 kW / 840 HP.
Ngakhale kusintha, mfundo ofooka ya T-72B, amene anali ndi zotsatira zoipa pa firepower, anali njira zothetsera kuonera, zolinga ndi zipangizo zozimitsa moto. Sizinaganizidwe kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwamakono, komanso kachitidwe okwera mtengo, monga 1A33 (yoikidwa pa T-64B ndi T-80B) kapena 1A45 (T-80U / UD). M'malo mwake, T-72B idayikidwa ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri ya 1A40-1. Zinaphatikizaponso mawonekedwe a laser rangefinder a TPD-K1 omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito kale, omwe, mwa zina, kompyuta yamagetsi (analogue) ya ballistic ndi chowonjezera chamaso chokhala ndi chiwonetsero chinawonjezedwa. Mosiyana ndi "makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu ziwiri" zam'mbuyomo, pomwe owomberawo adayenera kuwunika kuwongolera kwa kayendetsedwe kake powombera pazifukwa zosuntha, dongosolo la 1A40-1 lidakonza zoyenera. Pambuyo pomaliza kuwerengera, chojambula chamaso chomwe tatchulachi chinawonetsa mtengo wake mu zikwizikwi. Ntchito ya wowombera mfutiyo inali kuloza chandamale chachiwiri choyenera pa chandamale ndi moto.
Kumbali yakumanzere komanso pamwamba pang'ono pomwe wowomberayo adawona, chida chowonera masana / usiku cha 1K13 chidayikidwa. Inali mbali ya zida zoyendetsedwa ndi 9K120 ndipo idagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera mizinga ya 9M119, komanso kuwombera zida wamba kuchokera ku cannon usiku. Njira yausiku ya chipangizocho idakhazikitsidwa ndi amplifier yotsalira, kotero imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse (mpaka pafupifupi 800 m) komanso yogwira ntchito (mpaka pafupifupi 1200 m), ndikuwunikira kwina kowonjezerapo. Chowunikira cha L-4A chokhala ndi fyuluta ya infrared. Ngati ndi kotheka, 1K13 idakhala ngati mawonekedwe adzidzidzi, ngakhale kuthekera kwake kunali kocheperako pa reticle yosavuta.
Ngakhale zenizeni zapakati pa 80s, dongosolo la 1A40-1 silingaweruzidwe mwanjira ina osati ngati yakale. Makina amakono owongolera moto, ofanana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa T-80B ndi Leopard-2, adangolowetsa zosintha zomwe zidawerengeredwa ndi kompyuta ya analogi yamakompyuta pamagalimoto a zida zowongolera zida. Owombera a akasinjawa sanafunikire kusintha pamanja malo a chandamale, zomwe zidafulumizitsa kwambiri njira yowunikira ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cholakwitsa. 1A40-1 inali yocheperapo kuposa machitidwe otsogola kwambiri omwe adapangidwa ngati zosintha zamayankho akale ndikuyikidwa pa M60A3 ndi Mafumu okwezedwa. Komanso, zida za malo olamulira - turret yozungulira pang'ono yokhala ndi chida chogwira masana cha TKN-3 - sichinapereke kusaka komweko komanso kuthekera kowonetsa chandamale monga zowoneka bwino kapena PNK-4 dongosolo lowongolera lomwe limayikidwa pa T- 80u ku. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zowunikira za T-80B zidakhala zachikale kwambiri poyerekeza ndi magalimoto akumadzulo omwe adalowa muutumiki muzaka za 72s ndipo anali ndi zida zofananira zotenthetsera za m'badwo woyamba.
