Tanki yayikulu yankhondo ya Olifant Thanki ya Olifant ("njovu") ndi yakuya wamakono wa British "Centurion". Tank "Oliphant 1B" anayamba kulowa usilikali South Africa mu 1991. Zinakonzedwanso kuti zibweretse akasinja ambiri a Model 1A pamlingo wake. Kusintha kwamakono kwa akasinja a Centurion komwe kunachitika ku South Africa ndi chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi kwambiri chopititsa patsogolo zida zankhondo zomwe zidatha kale. Kumene, "Oliphant 1B" sangafanane ndi akasinja amakono, koma okwana kusintha ndi kusintha anaika mu malo opindulitsa poyerekeza akasinja ena amene amayendetsedwa mu Africa. Popanga thanki, okonzawo adatenga mawonekedwe apamwamba ngati maziko. Chipinda chowongolera chili kutsogolo kwa hull, chipinda chomenyerapo nkhondo chili pakati, malo opangira magetsi ali kumbuyo. Mfuti ili mu nsanja yozungulira yozungulira. Ogwira ntchito pa thanki ali ndi anthu anayi: mkulu, mfuti, dalaivala ndi loader. Bungwe la danga lamkati limagwirizananso ndi njira zodziwika bwino komanso zanthawi yayitali. Mpando wa dalaivala uli kumanja kutsogolo kwa chombo, ndipo kumanzere kwake kuli mbali ya zida (32 shots). Woyang'anira tanki ndi wowombera mfuti ali kumanja kwa chipinda chomenyera nkhondo, wonyamula ali kumanzere. Zipolopolo zimasungidwa mu turret recess (zozungulira 16) ndi m'chipinda chomenyera nkhondo (mizere 6). Chida chachikulu cha chitsanzo chomangidwa cha thanki ndi mfuti ya 105 mm STZ, yomwe ndi chitukuko cha British cannon 17. Kugwirizana kwa mfuti ndi turret kumaganiziridwa kuti ndi chilengedwe chonse, chomwe chimapangitsa kukhazikitsa 120. -mm ndi mfuti za 140-mm. Ngakhale cannon yatsopano ya 6T6 yapangidwa, yomwe imapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito migolo ya 120-mm ndi 140-mm ndi njira yosalala. Mfuti yotsatira ya tanki ndi mfuti ya 120 mm ST9 smoothbore. Nthawi zonse, migolo ya mfutiyo imakutidwa ndi chivundikiro choteteza kutentha. Monga mukuonera, okonzawo apereka njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito thanki yatsopano, ndipo makampani a ku South Africa ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira zogwiritsira ntchito malingaliro aliwonse (funso la kulangizidwa kwa mfuti za 140 mm likuganiziridwa). Makhalidwe anzeru ndi luso la thanki yayikulu yankhondo "Oliphant 1V"  Kupambana kulemera, т 58 Ogwira ntchito, anthu 4 Makulidwe, mm: kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo 10200 Kutalika 3420 kutalika 2550 Zida   projectile Zida:   105 mm mfuti; Mfuti ziwiri zamakina a 7,62mm Browning Boek set:   68 kuwombera, 5600 kuzungulira Injini Injini "Teledine Continental", 12-silinda, dizilo, turbocharged, mphamvu 950 hp. Ndi. Kuthamanga kwapamtunda km / h 58 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu Km 400 Zolepheretsa: kutalika kwa khoma, м 0.9 ukulu wa ngalande, м 3.5 kuya kwa zombo, м 1.2 Tank "Centurion" wa gulu lankhondo la South Africa Centurion, A41 - British medium tank. Ma tanki okwana 4000 a Centurion adamangidwa. Panthawi ya nkhondo ku Korea, India, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, Middle East, makamaka ku Suez Canal zone, Centurion inakhala imodzi mwa akasinja abwino kwambiri pa nthawi ya nkhondo. Tanki ya Centurion idapangidwa ngati galimoto yomwe imaphatikiza zinthu zamasitima apanyanja ndi akasinja oyenda pansi ndipo imatha kuchita ntchito zonse zazikulu zomwe zidaperekedwa kumagulu ankhondo. Mosiyana ndi akasinja akale a ku Britain, galimotoyi inali itapititsa patsogolo kwambiri zida zankhondo, komanso chitetezo cha zida zankhondo. Tank Centurion Mk. 3, ku Canadian Museum Komabe, chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu, kulemera kwa thanki kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kwa magalimoto amtunduwu. Drawback iyi idachepetsa kwambiri kusuntha kwa thanki ndipo sikunalole kusungitsa mwamphamvu kokwanira.  Centurion m'dera lankhondo adakhala imodzi mwa akasinja abwino kwambiri Zitsanzo zoyamba za akasinja Centurion anaonekera mu 1945, ndipo kale mu 1947 kusintha kwakukulu kwa Centurion Mk 3 ndi mizinga 20-pounder 83,8-mm. Zosintha zina za nthawiyo zinali zosiyana motere: turret wokokedwa ndi mapasa a 1 mm ndi mfuti za 76,2 mm anaikidwa pa Mk 20; pa chitsanzo cha Mk 2 - turret yokhala ndi mfuti ya 76,2 mm; Mk 4 ili ndi turret yofanana ndi Mk 2, koma yokhala ndi 95mm howitzer. Zitsanzo zonsezi zinapangidwa mochepa kwambiri ndipo kenako zina zinasinthidwa kukhala magalimoto othandizira, ndipo gawo lina linasinthidwa kukhala chitsanzo cha Mk 3. Mu 1955, zitsanzo zapamwamba kwambiri za tank Centurion zinakhazikitsidwa - Mk 7. Mk 8 ndi Mk 9 , Mu 1958, chitsanzo chatsopano chinawonekera - "Centurion" Mk 10, wokhala ndi mfuti ya 105 mm. Malinga ndi gulu latsopano la Chingerezi, akasinja a Centurion adasankhidwa ngati akasinja apakati. "Centurion" Mak 13 Chipilala chowotcherera cha thanki ya Centurion Mk 3 chinali chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chokulungidwa chokhala ndi zida zapamphuno. Zipinda zam'mbali za hull zidali ndi kupendekera pang'ono kunja, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuyika kuyimitsidwa kuchotsedwa pachombocho. Pofuna kuchirikiza nsanjayo, anawonjezera kukulitsa m’deralo. M’mbali mwake munali zotchingira zankhondo. Chinsanjacho chinaponyedwa, kupatulapo denga, lomwe linawotchedwa ndi kuwotcherera kwa magetsi, ndipo linapangidwa popanda malingaliro omveka a zida zankhondo. PS Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti thanki yomwe ili pamwambayi ikugwira ntchito ndi mayiko ena adziko lapansi - makamaka m'magulu ankhondo a Israeli. Zotsatira: B. A. Kurkov, V. Ine. Murakhovsky, B. S. Safonov "Matanki omenyera nkhondo"; G. L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000"; Christoper Chant "World Encyclopedia of the Tank"; Sitima yapakatikati "Centurion" [Zosonkhanitsa Zida 2003'02]; Green Michael, Brown James, Vallier Christoph “Tanks. Zida zachitsulo zamayiko adziko lapansi. ”