Kulakwitsa kwa sensor yogogoda (makhodi P0325, P0326, P0327, P0328)
kugogoda cholakwika Zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana - chizindikiro chotsika kapena chokwera kwambiri kuchokera ku ICE kupita ku ICE electronic control unit (ECU), cholakwika chadera, kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwamagetsi kapena ma siginecha, komanso kulephera kwathunthu kwa sensor sensor (kupitilira DD). ), zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri. Komabe, zivute zitani, kuwala kwa Injini Yoyang'ana kumayatsidwa pa dashboard ya galimotoyo, kuwonetsa kuwoneka kwa kuwonongeka, ndipo pakugwira ntchito kwa injini yoyaka mkati, pali kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu, kuviika mu liwiro ndi mphamvu. kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta. Kawirikawiri, "jekichan" imathanso kugwidwa pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito mafuta oipa, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhudzana ndi kukhudzana ndi waya wa DD. Khodi yolakwika imawerengedwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito makina owunikira. Kuti muwerenge zolakwika zonse za sensa yogogoda ndikuwonetsa zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zochotsera, onani pansipa.
Zolakwa za Sensor Knock Pali zinayi - P0325, P0326, P0327 ndi P0328. Komabe, zomwe zimapangidwira, zizindikiro zakunja, ndi njira zochotsera ndizofanana, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zofanana. Zizindikiro zodziwikiratu sizinganene mwachindunji zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera, koma zikuwonetsa komwe akusaka pakuwonongeka kwa gawo logogoda. Nthawi zambiri, ichi ndi kukhudzana koyipa pakulumikiza sensa ku cholumikizira kapena kuyika pamwamba pake ndi injini yoyaka mkati, koma nthawi zina sensor imakhala yopanda dongosolo (singathe kukonzedwa, kungosintha ndikotheka). Choncho, choyamba, ntchito ya injini kugogoda sensa amafufuzidwa.
Cholakwika P0325
Khodi yolakwika p0325 imatchedwa "kuwonongeka kwa gawo la sensor sensor". Mu Chingerezi, izi zikumveka ngati: Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Malfunction. Zimapereka chizindikiro kwa dalaivala kuti gawo lowongolera la ICE silikulandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku DD. Chifukwa chakuti panali mavuto ena mu kaperekedwe kapena chizindikiro dera. Choyambitsa cholakwika choterechi chikhoza kukhala chochepa kwambiri kapena chokwera kwambiri chochokera ku sensa chifukwa cha kutseguka kapena kusalumikizana bwino mu block harness block.
Zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwikazo
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zolakwika p0325 zitha kuchitika. Mwa iwo:
- waya wosweka wogogoda sensa;
- chigawo chachifupi mu DD wiring circuit;
- kuwonongeka kwa cholumikizira (chip) ndi / kapena kulumikizana ndi DD;
- mlingo waukulu wa kusokoneza dongosolo poyatsira;
- kulephera kwa sensor yogogoda;
- kulephera kwa unit control ICE (ili ndi chidule cha Chingerezi ECM).
Zoyenera kukonza zolakwika 0325
Khodiyo imayikidwa mu kukumbukira kwa ECU pa injini yoyatsira mkati yotentha ya crankshaft liwiro la 1600-5000 rpm. ngati vuto silitha mkati mwa 5 sec. ndi zina. Payokha, malo osungiramo zolakwika zowonongeka amachotsedwa pambuyo pa 40 motsatizana kuzungulira popanda kukonza zowonongeka.
Kuti mudziwe kuti ndi vuto lanji lomwe lidayambitsa cholakwikacho, muyenera kuchita zodziwikiratu.
Zizindikiro zakunja za cholakwika cha P0325
Zizindikiro zakunja za kuchitika kwa cholakwika chomwe chatchulidwa chitha kukhala ndi zotsatirazi. Komabe, amathanso kuwonetsa zolakwika zina, chifukwa chake nthawi zonse muyenera kuchita zowunikira pogwiritsa ntchito sikani yamagetsi.
- nyali ya Check Engine pa dashboard imayatsidwa;
- ICE control unit imagwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi;
- nthawi zina, detonation wa injini kuyaka mkati n'zotheka;
- kutaya mphamvu ya ICE ndikotheka (galimoto "siyikoka", imataya mawonekedwe ake, imathamanga mofooka);
- kusakhazikika kwa injini yoyaka mkati mopanda ntchito.
Kawirikawiri, zizindikiro za kulephera kwa sensa yogogoda kapena mawaya ake ndi ofanana ndi omwe galimotoyo imayikidwa mochedwa (pa injini za carburetor).
Algorithm yodziwira zolakwika
Kuti muzindikire cholakwika p0325, chojambulira cholakwika cha OBD-II chimafunika (mwachitsanzo Jambulani Chida Pro Black Edition). Ili ndi maubwino angapo kuposa ma analogi ena.
Algorithm yozindikira zolakwika idzakhala motere:
- Choyamba muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti opareshoniyo sinali yabodza. Kuti muchite izi, pogwiritsa ntchito scanner, muyenera kukonzanso zolakwikazo (ngati palibe ena, apo ayi muyenera kuthana nawo poyamba) ndikupanga ulendo woyeserera. Ngati cholakwika p0325 chikachitikanso, pitilizani.
- Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana magwiridwe antchito a sensor yogogoda. Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri - kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter ndi makina. Ndi multimeter, choyamba, muyenera kuyeza voteji ya sensa pamene kukakamizidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndipo yang'anani kuzungulira kwake ku ECU kuti mutsegule. Njira yachiwiri, yosavuta, ndiyoti mukapanda ntchito, ingogunda injini yoyaka mkati moyandikira sensor. Ngati ikugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti liwiro la injini lidzagwa (zamagetsi zimangosintha mbali yoyatsira), zomwe ndi zoona, ma aligorivimu wotere sagwira ntchito pamagalimoto onse ndipo nthawi zina powerenga chizindikiro cha BC kuchokera ku DD chimagwira ntchito zina zowonjezera. ).
- Onani magwiridwe antchito a ECM. Nthawi zina, pulogalamuyi imatha kugwa. Ndizokayikitsa kuti mudzatha kudzifufuza nokha, choncho ndi bwino kufunafuna thandizo kwa wogulitsa wovomerezeka wa automaker ya galimoto yanu.
Momwe mungachotsere cholakwika p0325
Kutengera zomwe zidayambitsa cholakwika cha p0325, pali njira zingapo zothetsera vutoli. Mwa iwo:
- kuyeretsa zolumikizira kapena kusintha zolumikizira ma waya (tchipisi);
- kukonza kapena kusintha mawaya kuchokera ku sensa yogogoda kupita ku ICE control unit;
- m'malo mwa sensa kugogoda, nthawi zambiri ndi iye amene amachitidwa (gawo ili silingakhoze kukonzedwa);
- kung'anima kapena kusintha gawo lowongolera injini.
Payokha, cholakwika cha p0325 sichiri chovuta, ndipo galimoto imatha kufika ku galimoto kapena garaja yokha. Komabe, pali chiopsezo kuti ngati kugogoda kumachitika mu injini kuyaka mkati, ECU sangathe kuyankha bwino ndi kuthetsa izo. Ndipo popeza detonation ndi yoopsa kwambiri kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, muyenera kuchotsa cholakwikacho ndikugwira ntchito yoyenera yokonza mwamsanga pambuyo pochitika.
Zolakwika p0326
Vuto ndi code r0326 ndi akapezeka, amaimira "kugogoda chizindikiro cha sensor kutali". M'Chingerezi mafotokozedwe a code - Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Range / Performance. Ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zolakwika p0325 ndipo zili ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, ndi mayankho ofanana. ECM imazindikira kulephera kwa sensor yogogoda chifukwa cha dera lalifupi kapena lotseguka poyang'ana kuti chizindikiro cha analogi chochokera ku sensa chili mkati mwazofunikira. Ngati kusiyana pakati pa chizindikiro kuchokera ku sensa yogogoda ndi phokoso la phokoso ndilocheperapo kusiyana ndi mtengo wa nthawi inayake, ndiye kuti izi zimayambitsa kupanga code yolakwika p0326. code iyi imalembedwanso ngati mtengo wa chizindikiro kuchokera ku sensa yotchulidwayo ndi yapamwamba kapena yotsika kusiyana ndi zovomerezeka zovomerezeka.
Zoyenera kupanga cholakwika
Pali zinthu zitatu zomwe zolakwika p0326 zimasungidwa mu ECM. Mwa iwo:
- Kukula kwa chizindikiro chogogoda cha sensor ndi pansi pa mtengo wovomerezeka.
- ICE electronic control unit (ECU) imagwira ntchito mowongolera mafuta (nthawi zambiri imayatsidwa mwachisawawa).
- Cholakwikacho sichinalowe mu kukumbukira chipangizo chamagetsi nthawi yomweyo, koma paulendo wachitatu woyendetsa galimoto, pamene injini yoyaka mkati imatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwa ntchito komanso pa liwiro la CV pamwamba pa 2500 rpm.
Zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika p0326
Chifukwa cha kupangika kwa zolakwika p0326 mu kukumbukira kwa ECM kungakhale chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:
- Kuyanjana koipa
- Kuphulika kapena dera lalifupi mu unyolo wa geji ya kuphulika kwa galimoto.
- kulephera kwa sensor yogogoda.
Kuzindikira ndikuchotsa nambala yolakwika P0326
Choyamba, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti opareshoniyo sinali yabodza. Kuti muchite izi, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, muyenera kukonzanso (chotsani pamtima) cholakwikacho pogwiritsa ntchito code code, ndiyeno pangani ulendo woyendetsa galimoto. Ngati cholakwikacho chikachitikanso, muyenera kuyang'ana chifukwa chake. Chifukwa chake, cheke iyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi algorithm iyi:
- Zimitsani choyatsira ndikudula mawaya olumikiza kompyuta ndi sensor yogogoda kuchokera ku chipangizo china.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito multimeter, muyenera kuyang'ana kukhulupirika kwa mawaya awa (mwanjira ina, "mphete").
- Yang'anani khalidwe la kugwirizana kwa magetsi pa malo ogwirizanitsa mawaya ku kompyuta ndi kugogoda sensa. Ngati n'koyenera, kuyeretsa kulankhula kapena kukonza mawotchi kwa yomanga Chip.
- Ngati mawaya ali osasunthika ndipo kukhudzana kwamagetsi kuli koyenera, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana torque yomangirira pampando wa sensor yogogoda. Nthawi zina (mwachitsanzo, ngati idasinthidwa kale ndipo wokonda galimoto adayipotoza "ndi diso", osawona kufunika kwa torque), sensa ikhoza kukhala yosakwanira. Ndiye muyenera kudziwa phindu lenileni la mphindiyo muzolemba zagalimoto inayake ndikuwongolera momwe zinthu ziliri pogwiritsa ntchito wrench ya torque (nthawi zambiri mtengo wanthawi yofananira ndi pafupifupi 20 ... 25 Nm pamagalimoto okwera).
Cholakwikacho sichinthu chofunikira, ndipo mutha kugwiritsa ntchito makinawo. Komabe, izi ndizowopsa, chifukwa pakagwa mafuta, sensa imatha kuwonetsa zolakwika pakompyuta, ndipo zamagetsi sizitenga njira zoyenera kuti zithetse. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zolakwa zonsezo pamtima wa ECM posachedwa, ndikuchotsa zifukwa zomwe zidayambira.
Zolakwika p0327
Kutanthauzira kwakukulu kwa cholakwika ichi kumatchedwa "chizindikiro chotsika kuchokera ku sensa yogogoda” (nthawi zambiri, mtengo wa siginecha ndi wochepera 0,5 V). Mu Chingerezi, zimamveka ngati: Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Low Input (Bank 1 kapena Single Sensor). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, sensa yokhayo imatha kugwira ntchito, ndipo nthawi zina zimadziŵika kuti kuwala kwa Injini ya Check pa dashboard sikutsegulidwa chifukwa kuwala kwa "cheke" kumangounikira pamene kuwonongeka kosatha kumachitika pambuyo pa maulendo a 2 pagalimoto.
Zoyenera kupanga cholakwika
Pa makina osiyanasiyana, zinthu zopangira zolakwika p0327 zitha kukhala zosiyana, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi magawo ofanana. Tiyeni tiganizire izi pa chitsanzo cha galimoto yotchuka yapakhomo ya mtundu wa Lada Priora. Chifukwa chake, code P0327 imasungidwa mu kukumbukira kwa ECU pamene:
- mtengo wa liwiro crankshaft ndi oposa 1300 rpm;
- kutentha kozizira kuposa madigiri 60 Celsius (kutenthetsa injini yoyaka mkati);
- kuchuluka kwa matalikidwe a chizindikiro kuchokera ku sensa yogogoda ili pansi pamlingo wa pakhomo;
- mtengo wolakwika umapangidwa pamayendedwe achiwiri oyendetsa, osati nthawi yomweyo.
Zikhale choncho, injini yoyaka mkati iyenera kutenthedwa, chifukwa kuphulika kwa mafuta kumatheka kokha pa kutentha kwakukulu.
Zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika p0327
Zomwe zimayambitsa cholakwikachi ndizofanana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi. kutanthauza:
- kusala bwino / kukhudzana ndi DD;
- chigawo chaching'ono mu wiring pansi kapena kuwonongeka kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu / mphamvu ya sensor yogogoda;
- kuyika kolakwika kwa DD;
- kulephera kwa sensor yamafuta;
- Kulephera kwa pulogalamu yamagetsi amagetsi a ICE.
Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'ana zida zomwe zatchulidwa.
Momwe mungadziwire matenda
Kuyang'ana cholakwika ndikufufuza chifukwa chake kuyenera kuchitika motsatira algorithm iyi:
- Yang'anani zabwino zabodza pokonzanso zolakwikazo. Ngati, mutatha kukonzanso zomwe zachitika, cholakwikacho sichikuwoneka, ndiye kuti izi zitha kuwonedwa ngati "glitch" yamagetsi owongolera a ICE.
- Lumikizani chida chowunikira ndi pulogalamu yoyenera ku cholumikizira cholumikizira. Yambitsani injini yoyaka mkati ndikuyitenthetsa mpaka kutentha kwa injini yoyaka mkati (ngati injini yoyaka yamkati sinatenthedwe). Kwezani liwiro la injini pamwamba pa 1300 rpm ndi chopondapo chamafuta. Ngati cholakwikacho sichikuwoneka, ndiye kuti izi zitha kutha. Ngati itero, pitirizani kufufuza.
- Yang'anani cholumikizira cha sensa kuti muwone dothi, zinyalala, mafuta a injini, ndi zina zotero. Ngati zilipo, gwiritsani ntchito madzi oyeretsera omwe ali otetezeka ku nyumba yapulasitiki ya sensa kuti muchotse zonyansa.
- Zimitsani kuyatsa ndikuwona kukhulupirika kwa mawaya pakati pa sensa ndi ECU. Kwa izi, multimeter yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, waya wosweka, kuwonjezera pa cholakwika p0327, nthawi zambiri imayambitsa zolakwika pamwambapa.
- Onani kugogoda sensor. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyichotsa ndikuyesa kukana kwake kwamkati pogwiritsa ntchito ma multimeter amagetsi omwewo, kusinthira kumayendedwe oyesa kukana (ohmmeter). Kukana kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 5 MΩ. Ngati ili yotsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti sensayo ili kunja kwa dongosolo.
- Pitirizani kuyang'ana sensor. Kuti muchite izi, pa multimeter, yatsani njira yoyezera mphamvu yamagetsi (DC) mkati mwa 200 mV. Gwirizanitsani ma multimeter otsogolera ku ma sensor. Pambuyo pake, pogwiritsa ntchito wrench kapena screwdriver, gogodani pafupi ndi malo oyika kachipangizo. Pankhaniyi, mtengo wamagetsi otulutsa kuchokera pamenepo udzasintha. Pambuyo pamasekondi angapo, mtengowo udzakhala wosasintha. Ngati izi sizichitika, sensor ndiyolakwika ndipo iyenera kusinthidwa. Komabe, njira yoyeserayi imakhala ndi chopinga chimodzi - nthawi zina ma multimeter sangathe kusinthasintha pang'ono voteji ndipo sensor yabwino imatha kuganiziridwa kuti ndiyolakwika.
Kuphatikiza pa masitepe otsimikizira okhudzana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka sensa, onetsetsani kuti cholakwikacho sichinayambike ndi mawu akunja, monga kugwedezeka kwa chitetezo cha crankcase, kugogoda kwa ma hydraulic lifters, kapena sensoryo idasokonekera bwino pa injini. chipika.
Pambuyo pokonza kuwonongeka, musaiwale kuchotsa cholakwikacho kukumbukira kompyuta.
Zolakwika p0328
Khodi yolakwika p0328, ndi tanthauzo, imatanthauza kuti "kugwetsa mphamvu ya sensor yotuluka pamwamba pa khomo” (nthawi zambiri malire amakhala 4,5 V). M'Chingerezi amatchedwa Knock Sensor 1 Circuit High. Cholakwika ichi ndi chofanana ndi cham'mbuyomu, koma kusiyana kwake ndikuti pamenepa chitha kuyambitsidwa ndi kusweka kwa ma siginecha / mawaya amphamvu pakati pa sensor yogogoda ndi gawo lowongolera zamagetsi kapena kufupikitsa gawo la waya ku kompyuta kuti " +”. Kuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa kumalephereka chifukwa cholakwika choterechi chimabwera nthawi zambiri osati chifukwa cha zovuta ndi dera, koma chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamafuta m'chipinda choyaka (chosakaniza chowotcha), chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa nozzles, pampu yoyipa yamafuta. ntchito, osauka-mtundu petulo kapena gawo mismatch ndi unsembe poyatsira oyambirira.
Zizindikiro zakunja
Zizindikiro zosalunjika zomwe zitha kuweruzidwa kuti zolakwika p0328 zikuchitika ndizofanana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi. ndicho, Kuwala kwa Injini Yoyang'ana pa bolodi kumatsegulidwa, galimoto imataya mphamvu zake, imathamanga bwino. Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwamafuta kumawonedwa. Komabe, zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwazi zitha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwina, chifukwa chake, kuwunika koyenera kwa makompyuta ndikofunikira.
Chifukwa chake chiyenera kufunidwa poyang'ana zizindikiro, ndi kufufuza komweko pochotsa cholumikizira cholumikizira chogogoda pa injini yoyaka moto yamkati. muyenera kuyeza magawo a chisonyezero ndi kuwona khalidwe la galimoto.
Zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika p0328
Zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika p0328 zitha kukhala zosokoneza zotsatirazi:
- kuwonongeka kwa cholumikizira chogogoda kapena kuipitsidwa kwake kwakukulu (kulowetsa zinyalala, mafuta a injini);
- dera la sensa yotchulidwa ili ndi dera lalifupi kapena lotseguka;
- sensor yogogoda ndi yolakwika;
- pali zosokoneza zamagetsi mu sensa circuit (kunyamula);
- kutsika kwamphamvu mu mzere wamafuta agalimoto (pansi pa mtengo wolowera);
- kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osayenera pagalimoto iyi (yokhala ndi nambala yotsika ya octane) kapena kutsika kwake;
- cholakwika pakugwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera zamagetsi ICE (kulephera).
komanso chifukwa chimodzi chochititsa chidwi chomwe madalaivala amazindikira ndikuti cholakwika chofananacho chikhoza kuchitika ngati ma valve sasinthidwa bwino, ndiye kuti ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu.
Zosankha zothetsera mavuto
Kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa cholakwika p0328, njira zothetsera izo zidzakhalanso zosiyana. Komabe, njira zokonzetsera ndizofanana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, chifukwa chake timangowalemba molingana ndi mndandandawo:
- yang'anani sensor yogogoda, kukana kwake kwamkati, komanso mtengo wamagetsi omwe amatuluka pakompyuta;
- fufuzani mawaya olumikiza magetsi ndi DD;
- kukonzanso chip pomwe sensa imalumikizidwa, mtundu ndi kudalirika kwa omwe amalumikizana nawo;
- yang'anani mtengo wa torque pampando wa sensor yogogoda, ngati kuli kofunikira, ikani mtengo womwe mukufuna pogwiritsa ntchito wrench ya torque.
Monga mukuwonera, njira zotsimikizira ndi zifukwa zomwe zolakwika p0325, p0326, p0327 ndi p0328 zimawonekera ndizofanana. Chifukwa chake, njira zawo zothetsera ndizofanana.
Zowonjezera zosankha
Pomaliza, ndikofunika kuzindikira mfundo zingapo zosangalatsa zomwe zingathandize oyendetsa kuthetsa mavuto ndi sensa yogogoda komanso makamaka ndi chodabwitsa cha kuphulika kwa mafuta.
Choyamba, nthawi zonse muyenera kuganizira kuti pali masensa amtundu wosiyana (ochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana) omwe akugulitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, oyendetsa amawona kuti zotsika mtengo zotsika mtengo sizimangogwira ntchito molakwika, komanso zimalephera mwachangu. Choncho, yesani kugula zinthu zabwino.
Chachiwiri, mukakhazikitsa sensa yatsopano, nthawi zonse mugwiritseni ntchito torque yoyenera yolimbitsa. Zambiri zolondola zitha kupezeka m'buku lagalimoto kapena pazinthu zapadera zapaintaneti. Mwakutero, kulimbitsa kuyenera kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito wrench ya torque. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika kwa DD kuyenera kuchitika osati pa bawuti, koma pamtengo wokhala ndi nati. Sichidzalola kuti sensa imasulire kukhazikika kwake pakapita nthawi mothandizidwa ndi kugwedezeka. Zowonadi, kukhazikika kwa bawuti yokhazikika kumasulidwa, iyo kapena sensa yokha imatha kunjenjemera pampando wake ndikupereka zabodza kuti detonation ilipo.
Ponena za kuyang'ana sensa, imodzi mwa njirazi ndikuwunika kukana kwake kwamkati. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma multimeter osinthidwa kukhala njira yoyezera kukana (ohmmeter). Zidzakhala zosiyana pa sensa iliyonse, koma mtengo wake udzakhala pafupifupi 5 MΩ (sikuyenera kukhala wotsika kwambiri kapena wofanana ndi zero, chifukwa izi zikuwonetsa kulephera kwake).
Komanso, ngati zolakwika zomwe zili pamwambazi zichitika, muyenera kuyang'ana momwe ma waya ogogoda alili. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri pakapita nthawi, imatha kukhala yolimba komanso yowonongeka. Nthawi zina zimazindikirika pamabwalo kuti kukulunga kwa banal kwa wiring ndi tepi yotsekera kumatha kuthetsa vutoli ndi cholakwika. Koma chifukwa cha izi ndi zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito tepi yamagetsi yosagwira kutentha ndi insulate mu zigawo zingapo.
Eni ake amagalimoto ena amazindikira kuti cholakwika chimodzi kapena zingapo mwazomwe zili pamwambapa zitha kuchitika ngati mutadzaza galimotoyo ndi mafuta otsika kwambiri ndi octane yotsika kuposa momwe injini yoyaka moto imapangidwira. Choncho, ngati mutayang'ana simunapeze zovuta zilizonse, yesani kusintha malo opangira mafuta. Kwa ena okonda magalimoto, izi zathandiza.
Nthawi zina, mutha kuchita popanda kusintha sensor yogogoda. M'malo mwake, mungayesere kubwezeretsa ntchito yake. mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi sandpaper ndi / kapena fayilo, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa pamwamba pazitsulo zake kuti muchotse dothi ndi dzimbiri (ngati zilipo). Chifukwa chake mutha kuwonjezera (kubwezeretsa) kulumikizana kwamakina pakati pa sensa ndi block ya silinda.
komanso chowonadi chimodzi chosangalatsa ndichakuti sensa yogogoda imatha kulakwitsa mawu omveka kuti aphulike. Chitsanzo ndi phiri lachitetezo cha ICE chofooka, chifukwa chomwe chitetezo chokha chimagwedezeka pamsewu, ndipo sensa imatha kugwira ntchito zabodza, kutumiza chizindikiro ku kompyuta, zomwe zimawonjezera mbali yoyatsira, ndipo "kugogoda" kumapitirira. Pankhaniyi, zolakwika zomwe tafotokozazi zitha kuchitika.
Mu zitsanzo zina zamakina, zolakwa zoterezi zingawonekere zokha, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzibwereza. Zowonadi, m'magalimoto ena, sensor yogogoda imagwira ntchito pamalo ena a crankshaft. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale pogogoda pa injini yoyaka mkati ndi nyundo, sizingatheke kubweza cholakwikacho ndikumvetsetsa chifukwa chake. Chidziwitsochi chiyenera kumveka bwino ndipo ndi bwino kulankhulana ndi oyendetsa galimoto kuti akuthandizeni ndi izi.
Magalimoto ena amakono ali ndi sensa yamsewu yomwe imalepheretsa kugogoda pamene galimoto ikuyendetsa m'misewu yovuta ndipo crankshaft ikuwombera ndi kutulutsa phokoso lofanana ndi kuphulika kwa mafuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyang'ana sensor yogogoda pamene injini yoyaka mkati ikugwira ntchito, pamene chinthu cholemetsa chikugunda pa injini, pambuyo pake injiniyo imatsika, si nthawi zonse yolondola. Chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuyang'ana mtengo wamagetsi omwe amapanga panthawi yamakina pa injini yoyaka moto.
Pomaliza
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zolakwika zonse zinayi zomwe zafotokozedwa sizili zovuta, ndipo galimoto imatha kuyendetsa galimoto kupita ku garaja kapena galimoto yokha. Komabe, izi zitha kuwononga injini yoyaka mkati ngati kuphulika kwamafuta mu injini yoyaka moto kumachitika. Choncho, ngati zolakwa zoterezi zikuchitika, ndizofunikabe kuzichotsa mwamsanga ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa. Apo ayi, pali chiopsezo cha zowonongeka zovuta, zomwe zingayambitse kukonzanso kwakukulu, komanso chofunika kwambiri.
