ORP Krakowiak

Chithunzi cha Pekne cha Krakowiak pa nthawi ya nkhondo.

Pa Epulo 20, 1941, Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo la ku Poland linabwereketsa msilikali woyamba wa ku Britain woperekeza Hunt II, yemwe anali woyenerera kugwirizana ndi zombo zazikulu, zomwe cholinga chake chinali kuphimba maulendo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku England.

Mogwirizana ndi mgwirizano wapamadzi pa mgwirizano wa Polish-British wa November 18, 1939 ndi ndondomeko yowonjezera yachinsinsi ya December 3, 1940, zombo zonse za Polish Navy (PMW) ku Great Britain - owononga Błyskawica i Burza, sitima zapamadzi Wilk ndi osaka zida zankhondo. C -1 ndi C-2, anali pansi pa British Admiralty. Komano, zombo zoyamba anabwereketsa kwa Allied zombo pansi pa mbendera ya Polish (owononga Garland, Piorun ndi Hurricane ndi artillery speeder S-3) anali kusankha bwino British. Admiralty adamva kuti ali ndi antchito ake ophunzitsidwa bwino. Kumbali ina, a Royal Navy Command (KMW) ku London anali ndi maofesala ndi amalinyero ochulukira omwe akuyembekezera kutumizidwa ku zombo zankhondo.

Mlenje woyamba pansi pa mbendera ya ku Poland

Ntchito yomanga chowononga choperekeza HMS Silverton, kuyambira pa 5 December 1939, idatumizidwa kwa John Samuel White & Company ku Cowes, Isle of Wight, pamalo omwewo amamanga Groma ndi Błyskawica. Pa December 4, 1940, kukhazikitsako kunayambika. Ntchito yopangira zida inapitilira miyezi yotsatira. Pa Meyi 20, 1941, woperekeza wakale waku Britain adalandira dzina lovomerezeka la ORP Krakowiak ndi chikwangwani cha L 115 (chowoneka mbali zonse komanso panjira). Pa May 22, mwambo wokweza mbendera yoyera ndi yofiira unachitika pa sitimayo, ndipo boma la Poland ku London linayamba kulipira ndalama zonse zokhudzana ndi kukonza, kukonzanso, kukonza, kusintha kwa zipangizo, ndi zina zotero. Mwambowo unali wodzichepetsa. Ena mwa alendo oitanidwa anali: Vadm. Jerzy Svirsky, wamkulu wa KMW, oimira Admiralty ndi zombo zapamadzi. Mtsogoleri woyamba wa sitimayo anali mkulu wa asilikali wazaka 34. Tadeusz Gorazdovsky.

Pa Juni 10, Krakowiak adawuluka kuchokera ku Plymouth kupita ku Scapa Flow kukaphunzitsidwa movutikira. Cholinga chachikulu cha maphunzirowa kwa milungu ingapo chinali kutumiza sitima yomwe yangomalizidwa kumene.

pamodzi ndi Royal Navy. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zidapitilira mpaka pa Julayi 10. Kumbuyo Admiral Louis Henry Keppel Hamilton, mkulu wa owononga a Home Fleet (omwe ali ndi udindo woteteza madzi a ku United Kingdom), sanabise kuyamikira kwake kwa gulu la Krakowiak lomwe linagwira ntchito. Pa July 17, 1941, sitimayo inaphatikizidwa mu flotilla yowononga 15.

Ogwira ntchito a ku Poland operekeza adabatizidwa ndi moto pamene akuperekeza gulu la m'mphepete mwa nyanja PW 27 kuchokera pachilumba chaching'ono cha Lundy, chomwe chili pamtunda wa makilomita 15 kumadzulo kwa gombe la Chingerezi, m'madzi a Bristol Channel. Usiku wa August 31 mpaka 1 September 1941, gulu la zombo za 9 zonyamula katundu, zotsatiridwa ndi Krakowiak ndi ma trawlers atatu a British ankhondo, adagwidwa ndi ndege ya German Heinkel He 115. Alamu inalengezedwa pazombozo. Ma tracers angapo ochokera kumfuti ya makina a 21 mm Lewis amatsatiridwa momwe amawonera. Pafupifupi nthawi imodzi, zida zankhondo zinalowa nawo pamoto, zimagwiritsa ntchito mipiringidzo inayi "pom-poms", ndiko kuti, mfuti zotsutsana ndi ndege. caliber 00 mm ndi zidutswa zonse zitatu zamapasa 7,7 mm. Ngakhale kuti mbali ya operekezawo panali moto waukulu, sizinatheke kutsitsa galimotoyo.

Pa Seputembara 11, 1941, motsogozedwa ndi Mtsogoleri wa KMW, Krakowiak adalowa nawo gulu la 2nd Destroyer Squadron (Polish), lomwe lili ku Plymouth, ndipo adayamba kuperekeza maulendo pafupipafupi kumadera akumwera ndi kumadzulo kwa Great Britain.

Usiku wa pa October 21, Krakowiak, anaima ku Falmouth, ndi mlongo wake Kuyawiak (Captain Mar. Ludwik Likhodzeevsky), omwe anali m'gulu la operekeza ochokera ku Falmouth kupita ku Milford Haven (Wales), analamulidwa kutenga nawo mbali pa ntchito yoyendetsa galimoto. sitima zapamadzi osadziwika , amene, malinga ndi malipoti analandira kuchokera Admiralty, anali pafupifupi pa mfundo ndi makonzedwe 49 ° 52′ s. sh., 12° 02′ W e) Owonongawo adafika pamalo omwe adawonetsedwa pa Okutobala 22 nthawi ya 14:45. Malo a sitima yapamadzi sanakhazikitsidwe.

Patatha maola angapo, Gorazdowski analamulidwa kuti apeze ndi kutenga udindo woyang'anira sitima yapanyanja ya Atlantic yotchedwa SL 89, yomwe inanyamuka ku Freetown, Sierra Leone kupita ku Liverpool kumayambiriro kwa October. Pa 23:07 pa October 00, msonkhano unachitika ndi owononga awiri a British Witch ndi Vanguisher. Pa 12: 00, zombozo zinawona maulendo a 21 ndi chivundikiro chochepa, komanso pa malamulo a Western Approach Command (Western Operational Area, yomwe ili ku Liverpool)

anatsagana nawo kugombe lakumadzulo kwa Ireland. October 24, pamene owononga onse a ku Poland anali pa 52 ° 53,8 ° N, 13 ° 14' W, kunja kwa dera lomwe likuopsezedwa ndi gulu la U-boat.

ndipo asilikali a ndege adalamulidwa kuti abwerere - Kujawiak anapita ku Plymouth ndi Krakowiak ku Milford Haven. Pa Okutobala 26, convoy SL 89 idafika kudoko komwe ikupita popanda kutayika.