Kudutsa molingana ndi malamulo apamsewu - kuwongolera uku kumachitika bwanji?
Zamkatimu
Pamene munthu amene ali kumbuyo kwa gudumu akudziwa kupyola bwino, kupitirira, kudutsa magalimoto obwera ndi njira zina, amayendetsa galimoto molimba mtima ndipo nthawi zambiri sachita ngozi.
Zamkatimu
- 1 Lingaliro la overtake - limasiyana bwanji ndi kupitilira?
- 2 Ndi liti pamene kupitirira kuli koletsedwa?
- 3 Kodi mungadutse liti?
- 4 Zizindikiro zosonyeza kusatheka kupitirira
- 5 Kuwoloka kawiri ndikudutsa gawoli - ndi chiyani?
- 6 Mawu ochepa okhudza mbali yomwe ikubwera
Lingaliro la overtake - limasiyana bwanji ndi kupitilira?
Malamulo a msewu (SDA), omwe adamveketsedwa ndikuwonjezeredwa kachiwiri mu 2013, akutiuza kuti mawu oti "overtaking" amatanthauza kupatukana kwa magalimoto angapo kapena amodzi, zomwe zikutanthauza kutuluka kwakanthawi kwagalimoto yodutsa mumsewu womwe ukubwera. kubwezeretsanso. Malamulo apamsewu a 2013 akunena momveka bwino kuti kutali ndi kutsogola kulikonse kumaganiziridwa kuti kupitilira. Koma kugonjetsa kulikonse kumangopita patsogolo.
Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana pakati pa overtake ndi overtake. Choyamba, tiyeni tifotokoze tanthauzo la malamulo omwe amaikidwa mu mawu oti "kutsogolera". Zonse ndi zophweka apa. Kutsogolera ndi galimoto yoyendetsa liwiro lalikulu kuposa liwiro la magalimoto odutsa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, galimoto yanu ikamathamanga kwambiri m'dera lakumanja la msewu waukulu kapena popanda kuwoloka zolembera mumsewu womwewo, tikukamba za kutsogolera.
Nthawi yomweyo zikuwonekeratu kuti kusiyana pakati pa kupita patsogolo ndi kupitilira kumawonekera kwa aliyense. Poyamba, malinga ndi SDA 2013, kutuluka kwa "njira yomwe ikubwera" sikunaperekedwe. Koma akamadutsa, dalaivala amatha kuyendetsa galimoto kulowa mumsewu womwe ukubwera ndipo, akamaliza kuwongolera, onetsetsani kuti akubwerera.
Ndi liti pamene kupitirira kuli koletsedwa?
Mogwirizana ndi SDA 2013, musanadutse, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti pochita izi, ogwiritsa ntchito ena sangapange zopinga zilizonse, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe chikwangwani choletsa kuyendetsa (3.20). Munthu amene ali kumbuyo kwa gudumu ayenera kupenda momwe magalimoto alili, kusankha mtunda wotetezeka kuti adutse, ndipo pokhapokha "padutsa" magalimoto odutsa. Komanso, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe magalimoto mumsewu womwe ukubwera.
Kupondereza ndikoletsedwa muzochitika zotsatirazi:
- galimoto ikupita patsogolo mumsewu wofanana ndi galimoto yomwe ikukonzekera kudutsa zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti dalaivala wake akufuna kukhotera kumanzere;
- galimoto kutsogolo amachita mokhota pa chopinga chilichonse kapena kudutsa;
- Kudukizana kunayamba galimoto kutsatira galimoto yanu.
Kudutsitsa kumaletsedwanso pamene dalaivala azindikira kuti akamaliza kuwongolera, sangathe kubwereranso bwinobwino panjira yake. Kuchokera pamalingaliro amalingaliro oyambira, zoletsa zonsezi zimawoneka zolondola. Aliyense wa oyendetsa akudziwa bwino kuti izi ndi momwe muyenera kukhalira pa msewu, kusamalira chitetezo cha magalimoto pa izo.
Tsopano tiyeni tikumbukire malo omwe ali m'misewu yayikulu komwe kupitilira ndi koletsedwa nkomwe. Izi mu SDA 2013 zikuphatikiza magawo awa amsewu:
- ma flyovers, viaducts, milatho ndi malo pansi pa zomangamanga;
- kuwoloka oyenda pansi;
- mphambano zoyendetsedwa;
- kutembenuka kowopsa ndi magawo omaliza a kukwera;
- mphambano zopanda magetsi amsewu kapena owongolera magalimoto (kudutsa ndi koletsedwa ngati galimoto sikuyenda mumsewu waukulu);
- madera omwe sawoneka bwino;
- ngalande;
- kuwoloka panjanji ya njanji (njira yomwe yafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi ndiyoletsedwanso zosakwana mita zana musanayambe kuwoloka).
Malamulo, omwe adavomerezedwa mu 2013, akuwonetsa kuti dalaivala yemwe ali kumbuyo kwa gudumu la galimoto yomwe yadutsa ndi woletsedwa kuonjezera liwiro pamene galimoto ina "ikudutsa", kapena kulepheretsa munthu wodutsa kuti ayambe ndi kukwaniritsa zomwe akufuna.
Komanso, pamene galimoto yothamanga kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, galimoto) ikuyenda pamsewu, malamulo apamsewu amafuna kuti athandize galimoto yomwe ikubwera kumbuyo kuti idutse (kuyimitsidwa kwathunthu kapena kudutsa kumanja). Lamuloli limagwira ntchito poyendetsa galimoto kunja kwa midzi. Mwa njira, ndizowonanso pamilandu yamagalimoto opita patsogolo, osati kungowadutsa.
Kodi mungadutse liti?
Dalaivala wa novice angafunse modabwa za momwe kupitilira kumaloledwa. Zingawonekere kwa iye kuti malamulo ndi okhwima kwambiri kwa oyendetsa galimoto amene akufuna kukumana owerenga msewu, ndipo pafupifupi musawapatse mpata kuti adutse popanda kuphwanya malamulo a magalimoto 2013.
Ndipotu, njira yomwe ikufotokozedwa m'nkhani ino pamsewu imatengedwa kuti ndi yoopsa kwambiri mwa mitundu yonse ya machitidwe, yomwe, ngati ichitidwa molakwika, ingayambitse zotsatira zoopsa. Chifukwa chake, malamulo apamsewu amawongolera mosamalitsa zochita zonse za dalaivala yemwe wasankha kupitilira (patsogolo, magalimoto omwe akubwera).
Sizovuta kukumbukira madera omwe kuwongolera uku kumaloledwa. Malamulo a Magalimoto a 2013 amalola kupitilira pa:
- misewu iwiri, pomwe mzere wapakati umapangidwa ndi zilembo zapakatikati;
- misewu yokhala ndi misewu itatu, yomwe mizere yolembapo yanthawi yayitali imayikidwa;
- misewu yokhala ndi misewu iwiri komanso zolembera zophatikizidwa.
Tiyeni tibwereze. Muyenera kukhala ndi udindo momwe mungathere pa chisankho chanu chilichonse cholambalala magalimoto pamilandu iliyonse yomwe yasonyezedwa (yololedwa). Mtengo wa kulakwitsa kwa dalaivala yemwe adalephera kusanthula bwino momwe magalimoto alili ndipo adadutsa mopanda bwino ndiwambiri. Ingoyang'anani nkhani ina yokhudzana ndi ngozi yoopsa pa TV yapafupi madzulo, ndipo mudzamvetsetsa kuti nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chakuti dalaivala yemwe ali ndi udindo sadziwa zambiri za overtake kapena overtake.
Zizindikiro zosonyeza kusatheka kupitirira
SDA 2013 ili ndi zambiri zokhudza mitundu yonse ya zizindikiro zamsewu ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimathandiza madalaivala kuzindikira malo omwe mawotchi odutsa ndi oletsedwa. Wothandizira wokhulupirika kwa woyendetsa galimoto mosasamala, akumuchenjeza kuti asachite zinthu zosayenera, akuwoloka msewu kwa oyenda pansi.
Monga tanenera, ndikoletsedwa kwambiri kupitilira kapena kuwoloka anthu oyenda pansi. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti, atawona "mbidzi", dalaivala ayenera kuiwala nthawi yomweyo za chikhumbo chake chofulumira kufika pamalo omwe akufunikira. Chonde dziwani kuti kuwoloka podutsa anthu oyenda pansi ndikoletsedwa pakakhala anthu omwe akuwoloka msewuwo, komanso ngati mulibe oyenda pansi.
Apa ndi bwino kutsatira mosamalitsa malamulo a 2013 ngati simukufuna chindapusa. Tiyeni tiwonjeze kuti ma U-turn ndi ma overtaking omwe akubwera (tanthauzo lake liperekedwa pansipa) ndipo kubwerera kumbuyo ndikoletsedwa podutsa oyenda pansi. Zikuwoneka kuti palibe chifukwa chofotokozera momwe mungadziwire "mbidzi" ndi chizindikiro choisonyeza.
Mfundo yakuti kutsogolo kuli kuwoloka oyenda pansi, dalaivala aliyense amadziwa ndi zolembera ndi chizindikiro lolingana "5.19". Mwa njira, ngati mukukonzekera kupita kudziko lina, phunzirani zizindikiro zamsewu zomwe zimatengedwa m'dziko linalake pasadakhale. M'madera ambiri (mwachitsanzo, ku New Zealand, Japan, Australia ndi ena), kuwoloka kwa oyenda pansi kumakhala ndi zizindikiro zomwe siziri zachilendo kwa ife.
Kuwongolera ndi kupititsa patsogolo sikungathe kuchitidwa pa mlatho ndi zina. Asanalowe m'nyumba zoterezi, zizindikiro zoyenera zimayikidwa nthawi zonse (makamaka, 3.20). Woyendetsa galimoto amangofunika kuphunzira malamulo apamsewu ndikukumbukira kuti kupitilira ndi koletsedwa m'malo oopsa (pa mlatho ndi zina zotero). Ndiyeno tsatirani zizindikiro ndipo musayese kukanikiza chopondapo mpweya njira yonse pamene iye akuyendetsa pa mlatho, mu ngalande, m'mbali mwapadera modutsa.
Chizindikiro chotsatira, "kuwuza" za kusatheka kwa njira yokhotakhota kutsogolo kwa galimoto yoyenda, ndi makona atatu akuda amsewu omwe ali ndi manambala omwe amatsimikizira kutsetsereka kwa njirayo m'gawo linalake. Monga tanenera, kumapeto kwa kukwera, simuyenera kudutsa galimoto kutsogolo kwa galimoto yanu. Koma kupititsa patsogolo (kumbukirani tanthauzo la mawuwa) pakukwera ndizotheka kutulutsa, koma pokhapokha ngati kayendetsedwe kake kakuchitika pamsewu wamitundu iwiri, osati msewu umodzi.
Kotero, tinaloweza pamtima zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza kuti sizingatheke kupitirira pa milatho komanso kumapeto kwa kukwera. Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tikumbukirenso zizindikiro zina zingapo zomwe zaikidwa kutsogolo kwa njanji. kusuntha (1.1-1.4). Atha kuwonetsa sitima yosuta, mtanda wofiyira, mikwingwirima ingapo yofiyira (kuyambira imodzi mpaka itatu) kapena mpanda wakuda.
Chizindikiro chokhala ndi locomotive nthunzi ndi mpanda chimayikidwa mamita 150-300 musanayambe kuwoloka ngati ali kunja kwa mizinda ndi midzi, ndi mamita 50-100 mkati mwa midzi. Mukawona zizindikiro izi, nthawi yomweyo iwalani za kuwongolera!
Monga mukuonera, zikwangwani zapamsewu zimayikidwa musanalowe mlatho, kuwoloka njanji, ndi zina zomwe zingakhale zoopsa pamagalimoto, zimathandiza oyendetsa galimoto kuti asamachite zinthu mopupuluma kapena kuwongolera mosayenera.
Kuwoloka kawiri ndikudutsa gawoli - ndi chiyani?
Oyendetsa galimoto ambiri akudziwa bwino kuti kupitilira kawiri ndikoletsedwa m'dziko lathu. Komabe, palibe amene anganene ndendende zomwe zabisika pansi pa mawu awa. Ndipo sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa lingaliro la "kudutsa kawiri" silinatchulidwe mu malamulo apamsewu. Kulibeko! Koma pali ndime 11.2, yomwe ikunena momveka bwino kuti: simungadutse galimoto kutsogolo ngati dalaivala wake adutsa galimoto yomwe ikuyendetsa galimoto yake.
Ngakhale madalaivala odziwa zambiri amakhala ndi vuto ndi oyang'anira apolisi apamsewu omwe amalumikizidwa ndi kupitilira kawiri. Makamaka pamene woyendetsa galimoto akuyesera kuti apatuke magalimoto angapo patsogolo pake malinga ndi ndondomeko yomwe imatchedwa "sitima". Tiyerekeze kuti pali magalimoto awiri kutsogolo kwa galimoto yanu omwe sakuyesera kuyendetsa galimoto. Kodi ndizotheka kuzilambalala (panthawiyi kawiri)? Palibe yankho lotsimikizirika, choncho, kuti musakhale wophwanya malamulo, ndi bwino kuti musayese kupanga maulendo awiri, chifukwa angayambitse ngozi.
Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tikambirane malamulo amene ndime dongosolo la magalimoto anagwidwa. Lingaliro la ndime yoteroyo limaphatikizapo magalimoto oyenda ndi galimoto yapadera yotsagana nayo (imayendetsa ndi beacon yofiira ndi yabuluu kutsogolo ndipo nthawi yomweyo imatulutsa zizindikiro zomveka). Komanso, pagawo lokonzekera payenera kukhala magalimoto osachepera atatu.
Malinga ndi malamulo oyendetsera magalimoto m'misewu ya dziko lathu, ndizoletsedwa kupitilira mizati yoyendera. Nthawi zonse muzikumbukira izi mukakhala ndi chikhumbo chofuna kutero. Chifukwa chokhala patsogolo pa convoy ndi galimoto yotsagana naye, mosakayika mudzalangidwa, komanso ndalama "zokonzekera" kwambiri.
Mawu ochepa okhudza mbali yomwe ikubwera
Panyumba, kutali ndi misewu yabwino, nthawi zina pamakhala kung'ung'udza kosayembekezereka kwa msewu chifukwa cha zopinga zina zomwe zachitika chifukwa chazifukwa zosayembekezereka (zitha kukhala galimoto yosweka, misewu, ndi zina zofanana). M’misewu yokhala ndi misewu ingapo mbali imodzi, zopinga zoterozo sizimayambitsa mavuto. Dalaivala amatha kuwazungulira mosavuta popanda kusiya njira yomwe ikubwera.
Koma mumsewu waukulu wanjira ziwiri, vuto lomwe labwera silingathetsedwe mosavuta. Ngati mutayesa kuzungulira chopinga m’mbali mwa msewu, mudzalandira chindapusa. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ndikofunikira kuwongolera galimoto yanu kunjira yomwe ikubwera, ndikupanga chiphaso chomwe chikubwera chosangalatsa kwa ife ndi magalimoto akuyenda mbali ina. Lamulo lofunikira la kudutsa koteroko ndi ili: galimoto yolowera "msewu ukubwera" iyenera kupereka njira kwa galimoto yomwe ikuyenda mumsewu wake.
