German African Corps Gawo 2

PzKpfw IV Ausf. G ndiye thanki yabwino kwambiri yomwe DAK idakhalapo nayo. Magalimoto awa anagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira m'dzinja 1942, ngakhale akasinja woyamba wa kusinthidwa uku anafika North Africa mu August 1942.

Tsopano osati Deutsches Afrikakorps, komanso Panzerarmee Afrika, yomwe inaphatikizapo mitembo, inayamba kugonjetsedwa ndi kugonjetsedwa. Tactically, si vuto Erwin Rommel, iye anachita zimene akanatha, iye anakula kwambiri, akulimbana ndi mavuto osayerekezeka kukumana, ngakhale kuti anamenyana mwaluso, molimba mtima ndipo munthu akhoza kunena kuti anapambana. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti mawu oti "ogwira mtima" amangotanthauza mulingo wanzeru.

Pogwira ntchito, zinthu sizinali bwino. Sizinali zotheka kukonza chitetezo chokhazikika chifukwa cha kusafuna kwa Rommel kuchitapo kanthu komanso chikhumbo chake chankhondo zosunthika. The German field marshal anaiwala kuti chitetezo chokonzekera bwino chikhoza kuswa ngakhale mdani wamphamvu kwambiri.

Komabe, pamlingo wofunikira, chinali tsoka lenileni. Kodi Rommel anali ndi chiyani? Kodi ankafuna kupita kuti? Kodi amapita kuti ndi magawo ake anayi osakwanira? Kodi iye ankapita kuti atagonjetsa Igupto? Sudan, Somalia ndi Kenya? Kapena mwina Palestine, Syria ndi Lebanon, mpaka kumalire a Turkey? Ndipo kuchokera kumeneko Transjordan, Iraq ndi Saudi Arabia? Kapena kupitilira apo, Iran ndi Britain India? Kodi amathetsa kampeni ya ku Burma? Kapena anangokonza zoteteza ku Sinai? Pakuti aku Britain adzakonza magulu ofunikira, monga adachitira kale, ku El Alamein, ndikumupha.

Kungochoka kotheratu kwa asilikali a adani ku chuma cha Britain kunapereka njira yothetsera vutolo. Ndipo katundu kapena madera omwe tawatchula pamwambapa, omwe anali pansi pa ulamuliro wa asilikali a Britain, anafikira ku Ganges ndi kupitirira ... ayi zosatheka.

M'malo mwake, Erwin Rommel sanatchulepo "zoyenera kuchita kenako." Adalankhulabe za Suez Canal ngati chandamale chachikulu chazokhumudwitsa. Monga ngati dziko linatha pa mtsempha wofunikira wolankhulana uwu, koma womwe sunali wotsimikiza kugonjetsedwa kwa British ku Middle East, Middle East kapena Africa. Palibe amene adakweza nkhaniyi ku Berlin. Kumeneko iwo anali ndi vuto lina - nkhondo yaikulu kummawa, ndewu zazikulu kuti athyole msana wa Stalin.

Gulu la 9th DP la ku Australia lidachita gawo lalikulu pankhondo zonse za mdera la El Alamein, ziwiri zomwe zidatchedwa Nkhondo Yoyamba ndi Yachiwiri ya El Alamein ndipo imodzi imatchedwa Nkhondo ya Alam el Halfa Ridge. Pachithunzichi: Asitikali aku Australia omwe ali m'gulu lankhondo la Bren Carrier.

Kukhumudwitsa komaliza

Nkhondo ya El-Gazal itatha, ndipo ku Eastern Front, Ajeremani adayambitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi Stalingrad ndi madera olemera a Caucasus, pa June 25, 1942, asilikali a Germany ku North Africa anali ndi akasinja okwana 60 okhala ndi mfuti zokwana 3500. mayunitsi (kuphatikiza zida zankhondo, zida, zowunikira ndi kulumikizana), ndipo aku Italiya anali ndi akasinja 44 ogwira ntchito, okhala ndi mfuti za 6500 m'magulu ankhondo (kupatula asitikali amitundu ina). Kuphatikizira asitikali onse aku Germany ndi Italy, panali pafupifupi 100 aiwo m'magulu onse, koma ena mwa iwo anali odwala ndipo sanathe kumenya nkhondo, 10 XNUMX. Komano, asilikali oyenda pansi ndi amene angathedi kumenya nkhondo m’gulu la oyenda pansi atanyamula mfuti m’manja.

Pa June 21, 1942, Field Marshal Albert Kesserling, mkulu wa OB Süd, anafika ku Africa kudzakumana ndi Field Marshal Erwin Rommel (anakwezedwa paudindo uwu tsiku lomwelo) ndi General of the Army Ettore Bastico, amene analandira mace a marshal. Ogasiti 1942. Inde, mutu wa msonkhanowu unali yankho la funso lakuti: chotsatira nchiyani? Monga mukumvetsetsa, Kesserling ndi Bastico ankafuna kulimbikitsa maudindo awo ndikukonzekera chitetezo cha Libya ngati chuma cha Italy. Onse awiri adamvetsetsa kuti mikangano yayikulu ikachitika ku Eastern Front, ichi chinali chisankho choyenera kwambiri. Kesserling anawerengera kuti ngati kuthetsa komaliza kunachitika kum'mawa mwa kudula anthu a ku Russia kumadera okhala ndi mafuta, mphamvu zidzamasulidwa kuti zigwire ntchito kumpoto kwa Africa, ndiye kuti kuukira kwa Egypt kungakhale kotheka. Mulimonsemo, zidzatheka kukonzekera mwadongosolo. Komabe, Rommel adanena kuti gulu lankhondo la Britain Eighth Army litha kubwereranso ndipo kuti ntchitoyo iyenera kuyamba mwamsanga. Ankakhulupirira kuti chuma chomwe chinapezedwa ku Tobruk chidzalola kuti ulendo wopita ku Aigupto upitirire, komanso kuti panalibe nkhawa ndi momwe Panzerarmee Africa ilili.

Kumbali ya Britain, pa June 25, 1942, General Claude J. E. Auchinleck, mkulu wa asilikali a Britain ku Egypt, Levant, Saudi Arabia, Iraq ndi Iran (Middle East Command), anachotsa mkulu wa asilikali a 8, Lieutenant General Neil M. .Ritchie. Womalizayo adabwerera ku Great Britain, komwe adatenga ulamuliro wa 52 Infantry Division "Lowlands", i.e. idatsitsidwa magawo awiri ogwira ntchito. Komabe, mu 1943 adakhala wamkulu wa XII Corps, yemwe adamenya nawo bwino ku Western Europe mu 1944-1945, ndipo pambuyo pake adatenga ulamuliro wa Scottish Command ndipo, pomaliza, mu 1947, adatsogolera Far East Command of the Ground Forces mpaka. adapuma pantchito mu 1948, ndiye kuti adakhalanso woyang'anira gulu lankhondo, pomwe adapatsidwa udindo wa "full" General. Kumapeto kwa June 1942, General Auchinleck yekha anatenga ulamuliro wa 8 Army, kuchita ntchito zonse ziwiri imodzi.

Nkhondo ya Marsa Matruh

Asilikali aku Britain adateteza ku Marsa Matruh, mzinda wawung'ono wadoko ku Egypt, 180 km kumadzulo kwa El Alamein ndi 300 km kumadzulo kwa Alexandria. Msewu wa njanji unathamangira kumzindawu, ndipo kumwera kwake kunali kupitiriza kwa Via Balbia, ndiko kuti, msewu wopita m’mphepete mwa nyanja kupita ku Alexandria. Bwalo la ndege linali kumwera kwa mzindawu. A 10 Corps (Lt. Gen. William G. Holmes) anali ndi udindo woteteza dera la Marsa Matruh, lomwe lamulo lake linali litasamutsidwa ku Transjordan. Mitemboyi inaphatikizapo 21st Indian Infantry Brigade (24, 25th ndi 50 Indian Infantry Brigades), yomwe inatenga chitetezo mwachindunji mumzindawu ndi madera ake, komanso kum'mawa kwa Mars Matruh, gawo lachiwiri la asilikali, British 69th dp "Northumbrian". " ( 150. BP, 151. BP ndi 20. BP). Pafupifupi makilomita 30-10 kum’mwera kwa mzindawu kunali chigwa chathyathyathya chokhala ndi mtunda wa makilomita 12-XNUMX, m’mphepete mwa msewu wina wochokera kumadzulo kupita kum’maŵa. Kum’mwera kwa chigwacho, kumene kunali koyenera kuyendamo, kunali mpanda wamiyala, wotsatiridwa ndi malo achipululu otalikirapo, amiyala pang’ono, otseguka.

Pafupifupi makilomita 30 kum'mwera kwa Marsa Matruh, m'mphepete mwa malo otsetsereka, ndi mudzi wa Minkar Sidi Hamza, komwe DP yachisanu ya Indian DP idakhazikitsidwa, yomwe panthawiyo inali ndi imodzi yokha, 5th BP. Kum'mawa pang'ono, 29nd CP ya New Zealand inali pamalo (kuchokera ku 2th ndi 4th CPs, kupatulapo 5th CP, yomwe idachotsedwa ku El Alamein). Ndipo potsiriza, kum'mwera, pa phiri, kunali 6st Panzer Division ndi 1nd Armored Battalion, 22th Armored Brigade ndi 7th Motorized Rifle Brigade kuchokera ku 4 Infantry Division. Dpanc yoyamba inali ndi akasinja othamanga okwana 7, kuphatikiza 1 mwa akasinja atsopano a M159 Grant okhala ndi mfuti ya 60 mm mu hull sponson ndi mfuti ya anti-tank ya 3 mm mu turret. Kuphatikiza apo, a British anali ndi akasinja 75 oyenda pansi. Asilikali a m'dera la Minkar Sidi Hamza (magawo onse oyenda pansi otheratu ndi 37st Armored Division) anali mbali ya gulu lachisanu ndi chiwiri motsogozedwa ndi Lieutenant General William H.E. "Strafera" Gott (anamwalira pa ngozi ya ndege 19 August 1).

Kuukira kwa malo aku Britain kudayamba madzulo a 26 June. Potsutsana ndi malo a 50th Northumbarian Regiment kum'mwera kwa Marsa Matruh, 90th Light Division inasuntha, yofooka mokwanira kuti ichedwe msanga, ndi chithandizo chochuluka kuchokera ku moto wothandiza wa British 50th Infantry Division. Kumwera kwake, Gawo la 21 la Panzer la Germany linadutsa gawo lotetezedwa mofooka kumpoto kwa magulu ankhondo a New Zealand a 2nd DP komanso m'dera la Minkar Caim kum'mawa kwa mizere ya Britain gulu la Germany linatembenukira kumwera, ndikudula kuthawa kwa New Zealanders. Uku kunali kusuntha kosayembekezereka, popeza 2 New Zealand Infantry Division inali ndi mizere yodzitchinjiriza bwino ndipo imatha kudziteteza bwino. Komabe, atachotsedwa kum’maŵa, mkulu wa asilikali ku New Zealand, Lieutenant General Bernard Freyberg, anachita mantha kwambiri. Pozindikira kuti anali ndi udindo wa asilikali New Zealand ku boma la dziko lake, iye anayamba kuganiza za kuthekera kusamutsa magawano kum'mawa. Ndi gawo lakumwera kwambiri la Germany 15th Armored Division likuimitsidwa m'chipululu chotseguka ndi 22nd British Armistice, zomwe zimachitika mwadzidzidzi zinkawoneka ngati zisanachitike.

Kuwonekera kwa 21st Armored Division kumbuyo kwa mizere yaku Britain kudachititsanso mantha General Auchinleck. M'menemo, masana pa June 27, adauza akuluakulu a magulu awiriwa kuti sayenera kuyika chiwopsezo cha kutayika kwa asilikali kuti asunge malo awo ku Marsa Matruh. Lamuloli linaperekedwa ngakhale kuti British 1st Armored Division inapitirizabe kugwira 15th Panzer Division, yomwe tsopano ikulimbikitsidwa ndi Italy 133rd Armored Division "Littorio" ya Italy 27th Corps. Madzulo a June 8, General Auchinleck analamula kuti asilikali onse a Gulu Lankhondo la 50 achotsedwe kumalo atsopano otetezera m'dera la Fuca, osakwana makilomita XNUMX kum'mawa. Choncho, asilikali a Britain anabwerera.

Chovuta kwambiri chinali New Zealand 2 Infantry Division, yomwe idatsekedwa ndi German 21st Infantry Division. Komabe, usiku wa 27/28 June, kuukira modzidzimutsa kwa New Zealand 5th BP pa malo a German motorized battalion kunapambana. Nkhondozo zinali zovuta kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa zinkamenyedwa pa mtunda waufupi kwambiri. Asilikali ambiri a ku Germany anaphedwa ndi asilikali a ku New Zealand. Kutsatira 5th BP, 4th BP ndi magawo ena adadutsanso. DP yachiwiri ya New Zealand idapulumutsidwa. Lieutenant General Freiberg anavulazidwa, koma adatha kuthawa. Onse a New Zealanders anali ndi 2 ophedwa, ovulala ndi kugwidwa. Choyipa kwambiri, komabe, 800 New Zealand Infantry Division sanalamulidwe kuti achoke ku malo a Fuca, ndipo zinthu zake zinafika ku El Alamein.

Lamulo lochotsanso silinafike kwa mkulu wa asilikali a 28, omwe m'mawa wa June 90 adayambitsa nkhondo kumwera pofuna kuthetsa 21 Corps, yomwe ... inalibenso. A British atangolowa m'nkhondoyi, adadabwa kwambiri, chifukwa m'malo mothandiza anansi awo, adathamangira m'magulu onse a Germany m'derali, ndiko kuti, ndi 21st Light Division ndi zinthu za 90 Panzer. Gawo. Posakhalitsa zinadziwika kuti 28 Panzer Division idatembenukira kumpoto ndikudula njira zake zopulumukira kummawa kwa X Corps. Zikatero, General Auchinlek adalamula kuti agawane mitemboyo kukhala mizati ndikuwukira kumwera, kudutsa njira yocheperako ya 29th dlek kupita kugawo lathyathyathya pakati pa Marsa Matruh ndi Minkar Sidi Hamzakh, pomwe mizati ya X Corps idatembenukira kummawa ndi usiku. wa 29 mpaka June 7 anazemba Ajeremani molunjika ku Fuka. M'mawa pa Juni 16, a Marsa Matruh adagwidwa ndi gulu la 6000 la Bersaglieri la gulu la XNUMX la ana akhanda la "Pistoia", anthu aku Italiya adagwira amwenye pafupifupi XNUMX ndi aku Britain.

Kumangidwa kwa asilikali a Germany ku Fuka kunalepheranso. Indian 29th CP ya Indian 5th Infantry Regiment idayesa kukonza chitetezo pano, koma PDN yaku Germany ya 21 idawuukira kukonzekera kulikonse kusanamalizidwe. Posakhalitsa, gawo la Italy la 133 "Littorio" linalowa kunkhondo, ndipo gulu lankhondo la Indian linagonjetsedwa. Gulu lankhondo silinapangidwenso, ndipo pamene Indian 5th Infantry Division idachotsedwa ku Iraq kumapeto kwa Ogasiti 1942, kenako idasamutsidwa ku India kumapeto kwa 1942 kukamenya nkhondo ku Burma mu 1943-1945, 123 yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ku India Division idaphatikizidwa. . BP kuti ilowe m'malo mwa 29th BP yosweka. Mtsogoleri wa 29 BP brig. Denis W. Reid anatengedwa mkaidi pa June 28, 1942 ndipo anaikidwa mu msasa wa POW wa ku Italy. Anathawa mu November 1943 ndipo anatha kufika kwa asilikali British ku Italy, kumene 1944-1945 analamulira Indian 10 Infantry Division ndi udindo wa General General.

Choncho, asilikali British anakakamizika kubwerera ku El Alamein, Fuka anaphedwa. Mikangano yambiri inayamba, pamene Ajeremani ndi Italiya anamangidwa pomalizira pake.

Nkhondo Yoyamba ya El Alamein

Tawuni yaying'ono ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya El Alamein, yokhala ndi masitima apamtunda ndi msewu wam'mphepete mwa nyanja, ili pamtunda wa makilomita ochepa kumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa minda yobiriwira ya Nile Delta. Msewu wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja wopita ku Alexandria umayenda makilomita 113 kuchokera ku El Alamein. Ili pamtunda wa makilomita 250 kuchokera ku Cairo, yomwe ili pamtsinje wa Nile m'munsi mwa mtsinje. Pakukula kwa zochitika za m'chipululu, izi siziri zambiri. Koma apa chipululu chimatha - mu makona atatu a Cairo kum'mwera, El Hamam kumadzulo (pafupifupi 10 km kuchokera El Alamein) ndi Suez Canal kum'mawa kuli mtsinje wobiriwira wa Nile Delta ndi nthaka yake yaulimi ndi madera ena okutidwa ndi wandiweyani. zomera. Mtsinje wa Nile umayenda mpaka kunyanja kwa makilomita 175, ndipo m’lifupi ndi makilomita 220. Ili ndi nthambi ziwiri zazikulu za mtsinje wa Nile: Damietta ndi Rosetta okhala ndi ngalande zazing'ono zazing'ono zachilengedwe komanso zopanga, nyanja zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi nyanja. Si malo abwino kuwongolera.

Komabe, El Alamein yokha idakali chipululu. Malowa adasankhidwa makamaka chifukwa akuyimira kuchepa kwachilengedwe kwa malo oyenera magalimoto - kuchokera kugombe kupita ku beseni losafikirika la Qattara. Inali pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 200 kum’mwera, choncho kunali kosatheka kulizungulira kudutsa m’chipululu chakum’mwera.

Derali likukonzekera chitetezo kale mu 1941. Izo sizinalimbitsidwe m'lingaliro lenileni la mawu, koma mipanda yamunda inamangidwa pano, yomwe tsopano ikufunika kusinthidwa ndipo, ngati n'kotheka, ikulitsidwe. General Claude Auchinleck anaponya chitetezo mozama, osayika asilikali onse m'malo odzitchinjiriza, koma kupanga malo osungiramo zinthu zomwe zingatheke komanso mzere wina wa chitetezo womwe uli pamtunda wa makilomita ochepa kuseri kwa mzere waukulu pafupi ndi El Alamein. Malo osungiramo migodi anayalidwanso m’malo otetezedwa pang’ono. Ntchito ya mzere woyamba wa chitetezo inali kuwongolera mayendedwe a adani kudzera m'minda ya migodi, yomwe idatetezedwanso ndi zida zankhondo zolemera. Gulu lililonse la makanda omwe adapanga malo odzitchinjiriza ("mabokosi achikale ku Africa") adalandira mabatire awiri ngati chithandizo, ndipo zida zotsalira zidakhazikika m'magulu okhala ndi magulu ankhondo ndi zida zankhondo. Ntchito ya maguluwa inali kuwononga zida zamphamvu zamoto pazipilala za adani zomwe zikanalowa mkati mwa mizere yoteteza ku Britain. Zinalinso zofunika kuti 8 Army analandira latsopano 57 mamilimita 6-pounder odana ndi akasinja mfuti, amene anasonyeza kuti zothandiza kwambiri ndipo bwinobwino ntchito mpaka mapeto a nkhondo.

Panthawiyi, Gulu Lachisanu ndi chitatu linali ndi magulu atatu ankhondo. XXX Corps (Lt. Gen. C. Willoughby M. Norrie) adateteza ku El Alamein kumwera ndi kummawa. Anali ndi gulu lachisanu ndi chitatu la Australian Infantry Regiment kutsogolo, lomwe linayika magulu awiri ankhondo kutsogolo, 8 CP pamphepete mwa nyanja ndi 9 CP kumwera pang'ono. Gulu lachitatu lagawoli, 20th BP ya ku Australia, inali pafupi ndi 24 km kuchokera ku El Alamein, kum'mawa, komwe kuli malo abwino ochezera alendo. Gulu la 26 la South African Infantry Regiment linali kumwera kwa 10th Australian Infantry Division ndi ma brigade atatu kutsogolo kwa kumpoto ndi kum'mwera: 9st CT, 1rd CT ndi 3st CT. Ndipo, potsiriza, kum'mwera, pamgwirizano ndi 1 Corps, Indian 2th BP ya Indian 9th Infantry Division inatenga chitetezo.

Kumwera kwa XXX Corps, XIII Corps (Lieutenant General William HE Gott) adagwira mzere. 4 Indian Infantry Division yake inali pamalo a Ruweisat Ridge ndi 5th ndi 7th CPs (Indian), pamene 2 New Zealand 5th CP inali pang'ono kum'mwera, ndi New Zealand 6th ndi 4th -m BP m'magulu; BP yake ya 4 idabwezeredwa ku Egypt. Indian 11th Infantry Division inali ndi ma brigade awiri okha, CP yake ya 132 idagonjetsedwa ku Tobruk pafupifupi mwezi umodzi m'mbuyomo. A British 44th CU, 4th "Districts Homes" Infantry, kuteteza kumpoto kwa 2 Indian Infantry, adatumizidwa ku New Zealand 4th Infantry, ngakhale kuti inali mbali ina ya XNUMX Indian Infantry.

Kumbuyo kwa malo akuluakulu otetezera kunali X Corps (Lt. Gen. William G. Holmes). Inaphatikizapo 44th "Home County" Rifle Division ndi 133rd Rifle Division yotsala (44th Rifle Division ndiye inali ndi magulu awiri okha; pambuyo pake, m'chilimwe cha 1942, 131st Rifle Division inawonjezedwa), yomwe inakhala ndi maudindo m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Alam el Halfa, amene anagawa zigwa kupyola El Alamein pakati, phirili linatambasula kuchokera kumadzulo mpaka kum’maŵa. Gululi linalinso ndi malo osungira zida ngati 7th Panzer Division (4th BPC, 7th BZMOT) yomwe idatambasulidwa kumanzere kwa mapiko akumwera a 10th Corps, komanso 8th Infantry Division (yokhala ndi BPC yachisanu ndi chiwiri) yomwe ikugwira. malo pamphepete mwa Alam al-Khalfa.

Gulu lalikulu lankhondo la Germany-Italian kumayambiriro kwa July 1942 linali, ndithudi, German African Corps, yomwe, pambuyo pa matenda (ndi kugwidwa pa May 29, 1942) wa asilikali ankhondo Ludwig Krüwel, adalamulidwa ndi mkulu wankhondo Walter Nehring. . Panthawi imeneyi, DAK inali ndi magawo atatu.

Gulu la 15 la Panzer Division, kwakanthawi motsogozedwa ndi Colonel W. Eduard Krasemann, linali la 8th Tank Regiment (magulu awiri ankhondo, makampani atatu a PzKpfw III ndi PzKfpw II akasinja opepuka komanso kampani ya PzKpfw IV yapakati akasinja), 115th Motorized Rifle. Regiment (ma battalioni atatu, makampani anayi oyendetsa galimoto iliyonse), 33rd Regiment (magulu atatu, mabatire atatu a howitzer aliyense), 33rd Reconnaissance Battalion (kampani yankhondo, kampani yowunikira magalimoto, kampani yolemera), 78th Anti-Tank Squadron (anti-tank batri ndi kudzikonda -Battery ya anti-tank yoyendetsedwa bwino), gulu la 33 lolumikizirana, 33rd sapper ndi batalioni yantchito. Monga momwe mungaganizire, magawanowo anali osakwanira, kapena m'malo mwake, mphamvu yake yankhondo sinali yoposa ya gulu lolimbikitsidwa.

Gulu la 21 la Panzer Division, lotsogozedwa ndi Lieutenant General Georg von Bismarck, linali ndi bungwe lomwelo, ndipo manambala ake a regimental ndi battalion anali motere: 5th Panzer Regiment, 104th Motor Rifle Regiment, 155th Artillery Regiment, 3rd reconnaissance squad-39 battalion, , 200th engineer battalion. ndi gulu la 200th Communications battalion. Mfundo yochititsa chidwi ya gulu la zida zankhondo anali kuti mu gawo lachitatu mu mabatire awiri anali 150 mamilimita wodziyendetsa galimoto howitzers pa galimoto ya French Lorraine transporters - 15cm sFH 13-1 (Sf) auf GW Lorraine Schlepper. (e). Gawo la 21 la Panzer linali lofookabe pankhondo ndipo linali ndi maofesala 188, maofesala 786 omwe sanatumizidwe ndi asitikali 3842, okwana 4816 motsutsana ndi anthu 6740 okhazikika (atypical kwa iwo). Zinali zoyipitsitsa ndi zida, chifukwa gawoli linali ndi 4 PzKpfw II, 19 PzKpfw III (cannon 37 mm), 7 PzKpfw III (50 mm cannon), PzKpfw IV (yofupikitsidwa) ndi PzKpfw IV imodzi (yotalika mipiringidzo), Matanki 32 onse akugwira ntchito.

Gulu la 90th Light Division, motsogozedwa ndi Armored General Ulrich Kleemann, linali ndi magulu awiri oyenda pang'onopang'ono oyenda pang'onopang'ono a magulu awiri aliwonse: Gulu la 155th Infantry Regiment ndi 200th Infantry Regiment. Wina, wa 361, adawonjezedwa kumapeto kwa July 1942. Otsatirawa anali Ajeremani amene anatumikira m’gulu lankhondo la French Foreign Foreign Legion mpaka 1940. Monga mukumvetsetsa, sichinali zinthu zaumunthu. Gawoli linalinso ndi zida zankhondo za 190 ndi ma howitzers awiri (gawo lachitatu lidawonekera mu Ogasiti 1942), ndipo batire lachitatu lagawo lachiwiri linali ndi mfuti zinayi 10,5 cm Kanone 18 105 mm, 580 m'malo mwa howitzers. Gulu lankhondo, gulu lankhondo la 190 ndi 190th engineer battalion.

Kuphatikiza apo, DAK idaphatikizanso mapangidwe: gulu la 605 la anti-tank squadron, 606th ndi 609th anti-aircraft squadrons.

Mzere wa akasinja othamanga a Crusader II okhala ndi mizinga 40 mm, yomwe inali ndi zida zankhondo zamagulu ankhondo aku Britain.

Asilikali aku Italy a Panzerarmee Africa anali ndi matupi atatu. Gulu la 17 (General Corps Benvenuto Joda) linali la 27 dp "Pavia" ndi 60 dp "Brescia", gulu la 102 (General of the Corps Enea Navarrini) - kuchokera ku 132 dp "Sabrata" ndi 101- "Trepntozmot" "ndipo monga gawo la XX motorized Corps (Corps General Ettore Baldassare) wopangidwa ndi: 133rd DPanc "Ariete" ndi 25 DPZmot "Trieste". Motsogozedwa ndi gulu lankhondo panali XNUMX Infantry Division "Littorio" ndi XNUMX Infantry Division "Bologna". Anthu a ku Italiya, ngakhale kuti ankatsatira Ajeremani, nawonso adatayika kwambiri ndipo mapangidwe awo adachepa kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kutchula apa kuti magulu onse a ku Italy anali magulu awiri, osati magulu atatu kapena mfuti zitatu, monga momwe zilili m'magulu ankhondo ambiri padziko lapansi.

Erwin Rommel anakonza zoti adzawukire malo ku El Alamein pa June 30, 1942, koma asilikali a Germany, chifukwa cha zovuta popereka mafuta, sanafike malo a British mpaka tsiku lotsatira. Chikhumbo chofuna kuwukira posachedwa chinatanthauza kuti zidachitika popanda kufufuza koyenera. Choncho, 21 Panzer Division mosayembekezereka anakumana ndi 18 Indian Infantry Brigade (Indian 10 Infantry Brigade), posachedwapa anasamutsidwa ku Palestine, amene anatenga malo otetezera m'dera Deir el-Abyad m'munsi mwa Ruweisat ridge, kugawa danga pakati pa gombe ndi El Alamein, ndi kupsinjika kwa Qattara, pafupifupi kugawanika pakati. Gulu lankhondolo lidalimbikitsidwa ndi ma 23 25-pounder (87,6 mm) howwitzers, 16 anti-tank 6-pounder (57 mm) ndi akasinja asanu ndi anayi a Matilda II. Kuukira kwa DPunk 21 kunali kotsimikizika, koma Amwenye adakana, ngakhale analibe luso lankhondo. Zowona, pofika madzulo a July 1, Indian 18 BP inagonjetsedwa kotheratu (ndipo sanapangidwenso).

Kulibwino kunali 15th Armored Division, yomwe idadutsa Indian 18th BP kuchokera kumwera, koma magulu onsewa adataya 18 mwa akasinja awo 55, ndipo m'mawa wa Julayi 2 adatha kuyendetsa magalimoto omenyera 37. Zoonadi, ntchito yaikulu inali kuchitika m’ma workshop akumunda, ndipo makina okonzedwanso anali kuperekedwa pamzerewu nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri, komabe, chinali chakuti tsiku lonse linatayika, pamene General Auchinleck anali kulimbikitsa chitetezo ku chiwonongeko chachikulu cha Germany. Komanso, 90th Light Division inaukiranso malo otetezera a South African 1st Infantry Division, ngakhale kuti cholinga cha Germany chinali kutulutsa malo a British ku El Alamein kuchokera kumwera ndikudula mzindawo poyendetsa nyanja kummawa kwake. Pokhapokha masana a 90, Dlek adatha kuchoka kwa adani ndipo adayesa kukafika kum'mawa kwa El Alamein. Apanso, nthawi yamtengo wapatali ndi zotayika zinatayika. Gulu la 15 la Panzer Division linamenyana ndi British 22nd Armored Division, 21 Panzer Division inamenyana ndi 4th Panzer Division, 1st 7th Armored Division ndi XNUMXth Armored Division motsatira.