Cholinga cha dongosolo la CVVT mu injini

Malamulo amakono a chilengedwe amakakamiza opanga magalimoto kupanga injini zabwino, kuwongolera mphamvu zawo komanso kuchepetsa kutulutsa zinthu zovulaza mu mpweya wotuluka. Okonza amaphunzira kuwongolera njira zomwe zidavomerezedwa kale ndi magawo apakati ogulitsa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoterezi ndi dongosolo la Variable Valve Timing (CVVT).

CVVT dongosolo kapangidwe

CVVT (Continuous Variable Valve Timing) ndi njira yosinthira nthawi ya valve yomwe imakulolani kuti mudzaze bwino ma silinda ndi mtengo watsopano. Izi zimatheka mwa kusintha nthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka kwa valve yolowera.

Dongosololi limaphatikizapo ma hydraulic circuit omwe ali ndi:

• Kuwongolera valavu ya solenoid;
• valavu fyuluta;
• Kuyendetsa ndi hydraulic clutch.

Zigawo zonse za dongosolo zimayikidwa mu mutu wa silinda ya injini. Fyuluta iyenera kutsukidwa kapena kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.

Ma CVVT ma hydraulic couplings amatha kukhazikitsidwa pakudya komanso ma shaft onse a injini yoyaka mkati.

Ngati ma shifters aikidwa pa camshafts yolowera ndi kutulutsa, dongosolo la nthawi ya valve iyi lidzatchedwa DVVT (Dual Variable Valve Timing).

Zina mwazinthu zamakina zimaphatikizanso masensa:

• Udindo ndi liwiro la crankshaft;
• Maudindo a camshaft.

Zinthu izi kutumiza chizindikiro kwa injini ECU (control unit). Chotsatirachi chimapanga chidziwitso ndikutumiza chizindikiro ku valve solenoid, yomwe imayendetsa mafuta ku clutch ya CVVT.

CVVT clutch chipangizo

Clutch ya hydraulic (phase shifter) imakhala ndi asterisk pathupi. Imayendetsedwa ndi lamba wanthawi kapena unyolo. Camshaft imalumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi rotor yolumikizira madzimadzi. Zipinda zamafuta zili pakati pa rotor ndi clutch house. Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwamafuta komwe kumapangidwa ndi pampu yamafuta, rotor ndi crankcase zimatha kusuntha mogwirizana.

Clutch ili ndi:

• ozungulira;
• stator;
• kuyimitsa pini.

Pini yotsekera ndiyofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa osinthira gawo munjira yadzidzidzi. Mwachitsanzo, pamene kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumatsika. Imalowera kutsogolo, kulola nyumba ya hydraulic clutch ndi rotor kuti ikhale yapakati.

Kugwiritsa ntchito VVT control solenoid valve

Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mafuta kuti achedwetse ndikupititsa patsogolo kutsegula kwa ma valve. Chipangizochi chili ndi zigawo zotsatirazi:

• Plunger;
• cholumikizira;
• Masika;
• Nyumba;
• Vavu;
• Zotsegulira zoperekera, kupereka ndi kukhetsa mafuta;
• Kumulowetsa.

Chigawo chowongolera injini chimatulutsa chizindikiro, kenako maginito amagetsi amasuntha spool kudzera pa plunger. Izi zimathandiza kuti mafuta aziyenda mosiyanasiyana.

Momwe dongosolo la CVVT limagwirira ntchito

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito dongosololi ndikusintha malo a camshafts okhudzana ndi pulley ya crankshaft.

Pulogalamuyi ili ndi magawo awiri a ntchito:

• kutsegula kwa valve;
• Kuchedwa kwa valve.

Patsogolo

Pampu yamafuta pakugwira ntchito kwa injini yoyaka mkati imapanga kukakamiza komwe kumayikidwa pa CVVT solenoid valve. ECU imagwiritsa ntchito pulse wide modulation (PWM) kuwongolera malo a VVT valavu. Pamene actuator ikufunika kukhazikitsidwa pakona pasadakhale, valavu imasuntha ndikutsegula njira yamafuta muchipinda chamtsogolo cha CVVT hydraulic clutch. Pankhaniyi, madzi amayamba kukhetsa kuchokera m'chipinda cha lag. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kusuntha rotor ndi camshaft wachibale ndi nyumbayo molunjika kozungulira kuzungulira kwa crankshaft.

Mwachitsanzo, CVVT clutch angle pa chopanda ntchito ndi madigiri 8. Ndipo popeza makina otsegulira ma valve a injini yoyaka mkati ndi madigiri 5, amatsegula 13.

Wopanda

Mfundoyi ndi yofanana ndi yomwe yafotokozedwa pamwambapa, komabe, valve solenoid, pa kuchedwa kwakukulu, imatsegula njira ya mafuta yopita ku chipinda chochedwa. . Panthawi imeneyi, CVVT rotor amayenda mozungulira cha crankshaft.

Mfundo za CVVT

Dongosolo la CVVT limagwira ntchito pa liwiro lonse la injini. Kutengera wopanga, malingaliro a ntchito amatha kusiyana, koma pafupifupi amawoneka motere:

• Idling. Ntchito yadongosolo ndikuzungulira shaft yolowera kuti ma valve olowera atseguke pambuyo pake. Udindowu umawonjezera kukhazikika kwa injini.
• Avereji ya liwiro la injini. Dongosolo limapanga malo apakati a camshaft, omwe amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta komanso kutulutsa zinthu zovulaza ndi mpweya wotulutsa.
• Kuthamanga kwa injini. Dongosololi likugwira ntchito kuti lipange mphamvu zambiri. Kuti muchite izi, shaft yolowera imazungulira kuti ma valve atseguke msanga. Chifukwa chake, dongosololi limapereka kudzazidwa kwabwino kwa masilindala, omwe amawongolera magwiridwe antchito a injini yoyaka mkati.

Momwe mungasungire dongosolo

Popeza pali fyuluta mu dongosolo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisinthe nthawi ndi nthawi. Izi ndi pafupifupi makilomita 30. Mukhozanso kuyeretsa fyuluta yakale. Wokonda magalimoto amatha kuthana ndi njirayi payekha. Vuto lalikulu pankhaniyi lidzakhala kupeza fyuluta yokha. Okonza ambiri amaika mu mzere wa mafuta kuchokera pa mpope kupita ku valve solenoid. Pambuyo pochotsa CVVT fyuluta ndikutsukidwa bwino, iyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Mkhalidwe waukulu ndi kukhulupirika kwa gululi ndi thupi.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti fyulutayo ndi yofooka kwambiri.

Mosakayikira, dongosolo la CVVT likufuna kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a injini m'njira zonse. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa dongosolo lopititsa patsogolo ndikuchedwetsa kutsegulidwa kwa ma valve odya, injini imakhala yotsika mtengo komanso imachepetsa utsi wa zinthu zovulaza. Zimakupatsaninso mwayi kuti muchepetse liwiro lopanda ntchito popanda kusokoneza bata. Chifukwa chake, dongosololi limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga magalimoto onse akuluakulu popanda kupatula.