Mitundu ya gearbox MAZ

Magalimoto a MAZ ali ndi gearbox yamitundu iwiri ya YaMZ-238A yamitundu iwiri yokhala ndi ma synchronizer mu magiya onse kupatula kumbuyo. Bokosi la giyalo lili ndi gearbox yayikulu yothamanga ziwiri komanso gearbox yowonjezera yothamanga ziwiri (downshift). Chipangizo cha gearbox chikuwonetsedwa mu Fig.44. Kuyika mbali zonse za bokosi la gear kumachitika m'mabokosi akuluakulu ndi mabokosi owonjezera, omwe amalumikizana ndikusonkhanitsidwa m'nyumba za clutch; gawo limodzi lamphamvu limapangidwa ngati gawo la injini, clutch ndi gearbox. Shaft yolowera 1 ya bokosi lalikulu imayikidwa pazitsulo ziwiri za mpira; ma disks oyendetsedwa ndi ma clutch amayikidwa kumapeto kwa kutsogolo, ndipo kumapeto kwake kumapangidwa ngati mphete ya giya yayikulu ya crankcase nthawi zonse. Shaft yotulutsa ya crankcase yayikulu 5 imakhala kutsogolo pa chodzigudubuza chozungulira chomwe chimayikidwa pamphepete mwa giya la shaft yoyendetsa, komanso kumbuyo kwa mpira woyikidwa pakhoma lakutsogolo la crankcase yowonjezera. Kumbuyo kwa shaft yachiwiri kumapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a korona, omwe ndi chiyanjano chokhazikika cha nyumba zowonjezera. Magiya amtundu wachiwiri ndi wachinayi wa shaft yotuluka m'bokosi lalikulu amayikidwa pazinyalala zowoneka bwino zopangidwa ngati zitsulo zachitsulo zokhala ndi zokutira zapadera komanso kulowetsedwa, ndipo magiya oyambira ndi obwerera kumbuyo amayikidwa pazinyalala. Mtsinje wapakati 26 wa bokosi lalikulu umakhala kutsogolo pa chotchinga chokwera pakhoma lakutsogolo la bokosi lalikulu la bokosi la crankcase, ndipo kumbuyo - pamizere iwiri yozungulira yoyikidwa mu galasi loyikidwa kumbuyo kwa khoma lalikulu. nyumba ya crankcase. M'mafunde a crankcase a bokosi lalikulu, shaft yowonjezera ya giya yapakatikati imayikidwa. Zida zobwerera m'mbuyo zimayendetsedwa ndikusuntha ngolo yakumbuyo 24 kutsogolo mpaka italumikizana ndi giya yakumbuyo ya giya 25 yomwe imagwirizana nthawi zonse ndi giya yosiya ntchito. Shaft yotulutsa 15 ya bokosi lowonjezera imakhazikika kutsogolo pa chotchingira chozungulira chomwe chili mu dzenje la giya la giya la bokosi lalikulu, kumbuyo - pazinyalala ziwiri: chozungulira chozungulira komanso chonyamula mpira. , motero, amaikidwa kumbuyo kwa khoma la nyumba yowonjezera ya bokosi ndi chivundikiro chonyamula shaft. Pakatikati mwa gawo lapakati la tsinde lotulutsa la bokosi lowonjezera, ma synchronizer a gear shift amayikidwa, ndipo kumapeto kwa splined pali flange yolumikizira nthiti ya cardan. Pakatikati pa cylindrical shaft, giya 11 ya bokosi lowonjezera limayikidwa pazitsulo za cylindrical roller. Mtsinje wapakatikati 19 wa bokosi lowonjezerapo umakhala kutsogolo kutsogolo kwa cylindrical roller yomwe imayikidwa pakhoma lakutsogolo la nyumba yowonjezera ya bokosi, ndipo kumbuyo - pamizere iwiri yozungulira yomwe imayikidwa mu galasi loyikidwa pakhoma lakumbuyo. bokosi la sump yowonjezera. Giya yochepetsera 22 imayikidwa kumapeto kwa cholumikizira chothandizira cha crankcase. Kumbuyo kwa shaft yapakatikati, mphete ya mphete imapangidwa, yomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi zida zochepetsera za shaft yachiwiri ya bokosi lowonjezera.

Zambiri

Semi-trailer ya MAZ mu gearbox ili ndi chowongolera chakutsogolo chomwe chimawongolera chowongolera chachiwiri chomwe chimayikidwa pamutu wa ulalo wosunthika wa chithandizo. Mbali yakunja ya ndodo yosunthika imalumikizidwa ndi njira yowongolera yapakati pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo yotalikirapo ya cardan. Chingwe chokwera chimamangiriridwa ku chimango chagalimoto.

Mphepete yapansi ya lever ya gear imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mfundo yomweyo. Njira yokhazikitsira: yofanana ndi njira yapitayi. Mbali ya mkono imadutsa pansi pa kanyumba, kuonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa maulumikizidwe ena onse. Kapangidwe kameneka kamakupatsani mwayi wopendekeka kabati popanda kufunikira kwa kupatukana ndi kusinthika kwa zinthu zomwe zilipo ndi misonkhano.

chipangizo

MAZ-5551 popanda malo ogona ndi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa magalimoto "KamAZ". Chifukwa cha zitsulo zoyikidwa bwino ndi masitepe, kukwera m'galimoto ya galimoto yotayira ndikosavuta kwambiri. Zowona, ergonomics ya cab si mbali yamphamvu kwambiri yagalimoto. Ngakhale khushoni yapampando imayenda ndipo chiwongolerocho chimasinthidwa mu ndege ziwiri, palibe chifukwa cholankhula za chitonthozo cha dalaivala. M'kati mwa galimotoyo mumaoneka bwino, koma kusapeza bwino kumayambitsa kutopa kwakukulu, komwe kumawonekera makamaka paulendo wautali. Chiwongolero chachikulu sichimawonjezera chitonthozo, chifukwa madalaivala ang'onoang'ono amayenera kutsamira kutsogolo kuti atembenuze.

Chida cha MAZ-5551 ndi chidziwitso komanso chothandiza. Komabe, palinso kuipa. Kuwala kowala kumakhala ndi kuwala kochepa, kotero kumakhala kovuta kuwona masana.

Komabe, mu kabati yagalimoto yotaya, pali mayankho opambana kwambiri. Malo a fuse ndi bokosi la relay kumbuyo kwa dashboard ndi yabwino kwambiri komanso yosavuta kufikako. Dothi lotenthetsera bwino, dothi lokhala ndi dzuwa komanso kuwala kwa dome mkati mwa kabati kumathandizira kuyendetsa bwino.

Chifukwa cha magalasi akuluakulu akumbuyo, mawonekedwe ndi chitetezo cha MAZ-5551 chikuwonjezeka.

Mpando wa dalaivala ali ndi dongosolo kuyimitsidwa ndi chosinthika mayendedwe angapo. Komabe, kanyumba akadali omasuka kwambiri, chifukwa galimoto alibe dongosolo depreciation. Mpando wokwera umalumikizidwa mwachindunji pansi.

Cab

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zosangalatsa zomwe opanga adachita kuti apititse patsogolo ergonomics ndi kasamalidwe ka MAZ? Pali zosintha zambiri, ndipo zonse nzosangalatsa kwambiri. Kanyumba kamakhala komasuka komanso kotakasuka. Ngakhale popanda bedi, apaulendo awiri atha kukhala pano mosavuta, osawerengera dalaivala yekha.

Manja opangidwa bwino ndi masitepe amapangitsa kuti zikhale zofulumira komanso zosavuta kulowa mu cab. Mpando ukhoza kusuntha ndi kusinthidwa; Tsoka ilo, mpando wokwera wokha. Mu 90s, si magalimoto onse anali chiwongolero chosinthika, koma MAZ-5551 ali nazo. Drawback yoyamba inadziwikanso mu kanyumba - chiwongolero ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Ngati ndinu wamfupi, muyenera kutsamira patsogolo pang'ono ndikutembenukira kulikonse. N'zokayikitsa kuti zatsopano zoterezi zikhoza kuonedwa ngati zosavuta.

Dashboard imasiya mawonekedwe awiri. Kumbali ina, ndi yophunzitsa, kumbali ina, imakhala ndi kuwala kofooka, chifukwa chomwe zinthu zamunthu zimakhala zosawoneka masana. Malo otetezeka omwe ali bwino ndi, ndithudi, kuphatikiza kwa MAZ-5551. Komabe, komanso kutentha koyenera, komwe kumagwira ntchito yabwino ngakhale mu chisanu choopsa. Pakati pa okwera ndi dalaivala pali kachipinda kakang'ono momwe mungabisire zinthu zazing'ono zosiyanasiyana: zikalata, makiyi, botolo lamadzi, ndi zina.

Galimoto ya MAZ-5551 yapangidwa ndi Minsk Automobile Plant kwa zaka makumi atatu, kuyambira 1985. Ngakhale mapangidwe ake sanali nzeru (m'malo mwake MAZ-503 woyamba kugunda misewu mu 1958), MAZ-5551 dambo galimoto akadali mmodzi wa magalimoto otchuka eyiti mu kukula kwa Russia. Werengani za mndandanda wa Kamaz 500 m'nkhaniyi.

Buku lamalangizo

Bukuli lili ndi magawo otsatirawa:

Zofunikira pachitetezo mukamagwira ntchito ndi galimoto iyi

Njira zonse zodzitetezera komanso zadzidzidzi zalembedwa apa.

Galimoto. Gawoli lili ndi malingaliro a injini, malingaliro opangira ndi kukonza.

Kufala kwa matenda

Ntchito yotumizira ikufotokozedwa ndipo kufotokozera mwachidule zazinthu zake zazikulu kumaperekedwa.

Transport chassis. Chigawochi chikufotokoza mapangidwe a chitsulo cha kutsogolo ndi ndodo.

Chiwongolero, ma brake systems.

Zida zamagetsi.

Zolemba zamayendedwe. Komwe mungapeze nambala yachizindikiritso yagalimoto yafotokozedwa apa, kumasulira kwa nambalayo kwaperekedwa.

Malamulo agalimoto.

Features wa ntchito ndi kukonza. Akufotokoza nthawi ndi momwe angakonzere, ndi mitundu yanji yosamalira.

Zoyenera kusungirako magalimoto, malamulo amayendedwe awo.

Nthawi ya chitsimikizo ndi tikiti yoyendera.

Chithunzi chosinthira magiya

Chithunzi cha gearshift chili mu bukhu la eni ake a galimoto zotayira. Kusintha kumachitika motere:

1. Pogwiritsa ntchito makina a clutch, mphamvu yamagetsi imachotsedwa pamayendedwe agalimoto. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wosinthira magiya popanda kuchepetsa liwiro la injini.
2. Torque imadutsa pa clutch block.
3. Magiya amakonzedwa molingana ndi nsonga ya shaft ya chipangizocho.
4. Chingwe choyamba chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito, pamwamba pake pali splines. Ma drive disk amayenda motsatira iwo.
5. Kuchokera pamtengowo, zozungulira zimatumizidwa ku shaft yapakatikati, kuphatikiza ndi zida zamakina olowera shaft.
6. Pamene mawonekedwe osalowerera ndale atsegulidwa, magiya amayamba kusinthasintha momasuka, ndipo ma synchronizer amabwera pamalo otseguka.
7. Clutch ikakhumudwa, mphandayo imasuntha clutch kumalo omwe akhudzidwa ndi torque yomwe ili kumapeto kwa giya.
8. Zidazi zimayikidwa pamodzi ndi shaft ndikuyimitsa kuzungulira, zomwe zimatsimikizira kufalikira kwa zochita ndi mphamvu yozungulira.

Chithunzi cholumikizira

Chithunzi chozungulira chamagetsi chimaphatikizapo zinthu monga:

1. Mabatire Mpweya wawo ndi 12 V. Musanayambe ntchito, m'pofunika kukonza kachulukidwe ka mabatire.
2. Jenereta. Kuyika koteroko kumakhala ndi chowongolera chamagetsi chokhazikika komanso chowongolera. Mapangidwe a jenereta amaphatikizanso mayendedwe, omwe amalangizidwa kuti ayang'ane pamtunda uliwonse wa 50 km.
3. Yambani. Chipangizochi ndi chofunikira kuti muyambitse gawo lamagetsi. Zimapangidwa ndi chivundikiro cholumikizira, zolumikizira, mapulagi a mayendedwe opaka mafuta, ndodo ya nangula, galasi, akasupe a maburashi, zomangira, chogwirira, tepi yoteteza.
4. Chipangizo chamagetsi. Ntchito yake ndikuthandizira kuyambitsa injini pa kutentha kochepa.
5. Kusintha kwa batri. Mabatire amayenera kulumikizidwa ndi kuchotsedwa pagulu lagalimoto.
6. Dongosolo lounikira ndi ma sign signing. Kuwongolera nyali zakutsogolo, zowunikira, nyali zachifunga, kuyatsa kwamkati.

Zinthu zazikulu

Bokosi la gear la MAZ limaphatikizapo shaft yoyambira yokhala ndi zida zoyikidwa mu crankcase pama bere a mpira. Palinso shaft yapakati. Kuchokera kutsogolo kumawoneka ngati chipangizo chonyamula cylindrical roller, ndipo kuchokera kumbuyo kumawoneka ngati mnzake wa mpira. Chipinda chakumbuyo chimatetezedwa ndi chitsulo chachitsulo, ma gearbox oyamba ndi akumbuyo amadulidwa mwachindunji pa shaft, ndipo magawo ena onse ndi PTO amadutsa pamakiyi.

Bokosi la gear la MAZ lomwe lili ndi zida zochepetsera lili ndi zida zapakatikati za shaft zokhala ndi chotsitsa chonyowa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kugwedezeka komwe kumasinthidwa kuchokera kugawo lamagetsi kupita ku nyumba yotumizira. Kuphatikiza apo, yankho ili limakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera phokoso la gearbox osagwira ntchito. Kufunika koyikira chotsitsa chododometsa ndi chifukwa cha kusakwanira kokwanira kwa injini yamtundu wa YaMZ-236.

Dzino la gear limapangidwa mosiyana ndi likulu. Imachotsedwa ndi akasupe asanu ndi limodzi. Kugwedezeka kotsalira kumachepetsedwa ndi mapindikidwe a zinthu zamasika ndi kukangana mumsonkhano wonyezimira.

Dongosolo la zida zamagetsi URAL 4320

Dongosolo lamagetsi la URAL 4320 ndi waya umodzi, pomwe kuthekera koyipa kwa gwero lamagetsi la zida ndi zida kumalumikizidwa ndi malo agalimoto. Chotsalira choyipa cha batire chimalumikizidwa ndi "misa" ya URAL 4320 pogwiritsa ntchito chosinthira chakutali. Pansipa pali chithunzi chachikulu cha zida zamagetsi za URAL 4320.

Dongosolo la zida zamagetsi URAL 4320

Mu chithunzi cha URAL 4320 zida zamagetsi, kulumikizana pakati pa zingwe ndi zida zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapulagi ndi zolumikizira. Kuti zitheke, mitundu yamawaya omwe ali pazithunzi za zida zamagetsi za URAL 4320 imaperekedwa mwamtundu.

Kukonzanso kwa cheke YaMZ-238A MAZ

Chisamaliro chotumizira chimaphatikizapo kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndikuyika m'malo mwa crankcase. Mulingo wamafuta mu crankcase uyenera kufanana ndi dzenje lowongolera. Mafuta amayenera kutenthedwa m'mabowo onse. Pambuyo pakukhetsa mafuta, muyenera kuchotsa chivundikiro pansi pa crankcase, momwe cholekanitsa mafuta pampu yamafuta ndi maginito chimayikidwa, muzimutsuka bwino ndikuyika pamalo ake.

Pochita izi, onetsetsani kuti mzere wamafuta sunatsekedwe ndi kapu kapena gasket yake.

Mpunga ndi umodzi

Kuthamangitsa gearbox tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito 2,5 - 3 malita mafuta mafakitale I-12A kapena I-20A malinga ndi GOST 20799-75. Ndi gearbox control lever m'malo osalowerera ndale, injini imayamba kwa mphindi 7-8, kenako imayimitsidwa, mafuta otsekemera amathiridwa ndipo mafuta operekedwa ndi mapu opaka mafuta amatsanuliridwa mu gearbox. Sizololedwa kutsuka gearbox ndi palafini kapena mafuta a dizilo.

Pamene gearbox ikuyenda, zoikamo zotsatirazi ndizotheka:

- malo a lever 3 (onani mkuyu 1) kusuntha magiya mu njira ya longitudinal;

- malo a lever gear mu njira yodutsa;

- chida chotsekera chotengera kutalika kwa zinthu za telescopic.

Kuti musinthe mawonekedwe a lever З kumbali yayitali, ndikofunikira kumasula mtedza pazitsulo 6 ndipo, kusuntha ndodo 4 kumbali ya axial, kusintha ngodya ya lever kufika pafupifupi 85 ° (onani mkuyu. . 1) m'malo osalowerera mu gearbox.

Kusintha kwa malo a lever mu njira yopingasa kumachitika ndi kusintha kutalika kwa ulalo wodutsa 17, womwe umafunika kulumikiza limodzi la nsonga 16 ndipo, mutachotsa mtedza, sinthani kutalika kwa ulalo. kotero kuti gearbox control lever, pokhala osalowerera ndale, motsutsana ndi magiya 6 - 2 ndi 5 - 1 anali ndi ngodya pafupifupi 90˚ ndi ndege yopingasa ya kabati (mu ndege yodutsa galimoto).

Kusintha kwa chipangizo chotseka cha gearshift kuyenera kupangidwa motere:

- kukweza galimoto;

- chotsani pini 23 ndikudula ndodo 4 kuchokera mphanda 22;

- kuyeretsa ndolo 25 ndi ndodo yamkati kuchokera kumafuta akale ndi dothi;

- kukankhira ndodo yamkati mpaka choyimira choyimitsa 15;

- Tsegulani mtedza wa ndolo 25 ndikulowetsa screwdriver mu nkhokwe ya ndodo yamkati, masulani mpaka kusewera kozungulira kwa ndolo kutha;

- kuteteza ndodo 24 kuti isatembenuke, sungani locknut;

- yang'anani mtundu wa zoyenera. Pamene loko la 21 likupita ku kasupe 19, ndodo yamkati iyenera kufalikira popanda kumamatira ku utali wake wonse, ndipo ndodo ikakanikizidwa mpaka m'mitsempha, mkono wa loko uyenera kuyenda momveka bwino ndi "kudina" mpaka manjawo. imapumira motsutsana ndi kutuluka kwa m'munsi kwa ndolo.

Mukakonza drive, izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

- sinthani ndi cab yomwe idakwezedwa ndipo injini idazimitsidwa;

- pewani ma kinks ndi ndodo zosunthika zakunja ndi zamkati;

- kuti mupewe kusweka, gwirizanitsani tsinde 4 ndi mphanda 22 kuti dzenje la mphete la pini 23 likhale pamwamba pa tsinde longitudinal la tsinde 4;

- yang'anani kusalowerera ndale kwa bokosi la gear ndi kabati yokwezedwa ndikusuntha kwaulere kwa lever 18 yamakina osinthira zida munjira yodutsa (yogwirizana ndi kutalika kwagalimoto). Wodzigudubuza 12 wosalowerera ndale wa bokosi ali ndi kayendedwe ka axial 30 - 35 mm, pamene kupanikizika kwa kasupe kumamveka.

Zosintha zamagalimoto a gearbox zomwe tafotokozazi ziyenera kupangidwa pochotsa ndikuyika injini ndi kabati.

MAZ gearbox chipangizo: mitundu ndi mfundo ntchito

M'nkhaniyi, tikukuuzani ntchito zomwe gearbox pa injini MAZ ikuchita, kupereka malangizo kwa kukonza, komanso kusonyeza MAZ gearshift chiwembu ndi divider, amene mukhoza kuphunzira ndi kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane.

Cholinga cha cheke

Mu gearbox pali chinthu ngati giya, nthawi zambiri pali angapo a iwo, olumikizidwa ku giya lever ndipo ndi chifukwa cha iwo kuti giya kusintha. Kusintha kwa zida kumawongolera liwiro lagalimoto.

Kotero, mwa kuyankhula kwina, magiya ndi magiya. Ali ndi kukula kosiyana komanso kuthamanga kosiyanasiyana. M’kati mwa ntchito, mmodzi amakangamira kwa mnzake. Dongosolo la ntchito yoteroyo ndi chifukwa chakuti giya yaikulu imamatira ku yaying'ono, imawonjezera kasinthasintha, komanso pa liwiro la galimoto ya MAZ. Pazochitika zomwe zida zazing'ono zimamatira ku zazikulu, liwiro, m'malo mwake, limatsika. Bokosilo lili ndi liwiro la 4 kuphatikiza mobwerera. Yoyamba imatengedwa kuti ndi yotsika kwambiri ndipo ndi kuwonjezera kwa gear iliyonse, galimotoyo imayamba kuyenda mofulumira.

Bokosi lili pa galimoto MAZ pakati crankshaft ndi cardan kutsinde. Yoyamba imachokera mwachindunji ku injini. Yachiwiri imalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi mawilo ndikuyendetsa ntchito yawo. Mndandanda wa ntchito zomwe zimatsogolera pakuwongolera liwiro:

1. Injini imayendetsa transmission ndi crankshaft.
2. Magiya mu gearbox amalandira chizindikiro ndikuyamba kuyenda.
3. Pogwiritsa ntchito lever ya gear, dalaivala amasankha liwiro lomwe akufuna.
4. Liwiro losankhidwa ndi dalaivala limatumizidwa ku shaft ya propeller, yomwe imayendetsa mawilo.
5. Galimotoyo ikupitiriza kuyenda pa liwiro losankhidwa.

Chithunzi chojambula

Chiwembu cha gearshift chipangizo cha gearbox ndi divider pa MAZ si zophweka, koma zingakuthandizeni kwambiri pokonza. Gawo la gearbox pa MAZ lili ndi zinthu monga crankcase, shafts, matope, synchronizers, magiya ndi zinthu zina zofunika kwambiri.

9 liwiro

Chigawo choterechi chimayikidwa, nthawi zambiri, pamagalimoto kapena magalimoto omwe amakhala ndi magalimoto ambiri.

9-liwiro gearbox

8 liwiro

Chigawo ichi, monga chomwe chinkatsogolera, chimatchuka ndi makina omwe ali ndi malipiro ambiri.

8-liwiro gearbox

5 liwiro

Wodziwika kwambiri pakati pa magalimoto.

5-liwiro gearbox

Kukonza malingaliro

Mukufuna kusunga bokosi lanu logawanitsa bwino kwa zaka zikubwerazi? Ndiye muyenera chisamaliro ndi kuwongolera. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ntchito ya zinthu monga magiya, matope, control lever palokha, etc. Kodi zidachitikapo kuti kuwonongeka sikungapeweke? Tikupatsirani malingaliro otsatirawa pakudzikonza nokha:

dziwani chithunzicho ndi malangizo a makina anu mwatsatanetsatane;

kukonza, choyamba muyenera kuchotsa kwathunthu bokosilo ndipo mukatha kupitiriza kukonza;

mutatha kuchotsedwa, musathamangire kusokoneza kwathunthu, nthawi zina vuto limakhala pamwamba, perekani chidwi chapadera pa zonse, ngati muwona "makhalidwe" okayikitsa, ndiye kuti vuto liri mu chinthu ichi;

ngati mukuyenerabe kusokoneza bokosilo kwathunthu, ikani zigawo zonse mu dongosolo la disassembly kuti musasokonezedwe pamene mukukweza.

M'nkhaniyi, zida zosinthira zida za MAZ zamitundu yonse zidaganiziridwa. Tikukhulupirira kuti chidziwitsocho chinali chothandiza kwa inu pakukonza. Lolani bokosi lanu likutumikireni kwa zaka zikubwerazi!

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Zowonongeka zotheka

Kusayenda bwino kwa YaMZ 236 kungakhale mwadongosolo ili:

• kuwoneka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu;
• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amathiridwa mu bokosi;
• kuphatikiza zovuta za liwiro;
• kutseka modzidzimutsa kwa mitundu yothamanga kwambiri;
• crankcase fluid ikutuluka.

Ndi chilichonse mwaziwonetserozi, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mozama mulingo wamafuta mubokosilo, momwe zomangira zonse zomangira ndi mtedza zimalimba. Ngati izi siziri vuto, galimotoyo iyenera kutumizidwa ku malo othandizira kuti adziwe matenda. Apa, amisiri amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera kuti ayang'ane kukhulupirika kwa zida za gearbox (zophatikizira, zimbalangondo, ma bushings, etc.), kuwunika momwe pampu yamafuta imagwirira ntchito.

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KUSUNGA KWA GEARBOX YaMZ-236

Pakukonza, yang'anani kugwirizana kwa gearbox ndi injini ndi chikhalidwe cha kuyimitsidwa kwake, sungani mafuta abwino mu bokosi la gear ndikusintha ndi TO-2 panthawi yake.

Mulingo wamafuta mu bokosi la gear sayenera kugwera m'munsi mwa dzenje lowongolera 3 (mkuyu 122). Chotsani mafuta kuchokera ku nyumba ya gearbox pamene ikutentha kupyolera mu pulagi ya drain 4. Mutatha kukhetsa mafuta, yeretsani maginito pa pulagi yokhetsa. Mukathira mafuta, masulani zomangira ndikuchotsa chivundikiro 2 pa polowera mafuta, yeretsani ndikutsuka chinsalu, kenaka sinthani chivundikirocho.

Mukayika chophimba chodyera, samalani kuti musatseke chingwe chamafuta ndi chivundikiro kapena gasket.

Mpunga. 122. Mapulagi a YaMZ-236P gearbox: 1 dzenje lodzaza mafuta; 2 - chivundikiro cha pampu ya mafuta; 3-bowo kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mafuta; 4 ngalande mabowo

Tsukani bokosi la gear ndi mafuta a mafakitale I-12A kapena I-20A malinga ndi GOST 20199 - 88; Thirani malita 2,5 - 3 mu crankcase, sunthani giya kuti isalowerere, yambitsani injini kwa 1 ... Mphindi 8, kenako zimitsani, tsitsani mafuta otulutsa ndikuwonjezeranso. Ndi zoletsedwa kutulutsa gearbox ndi palafini kapena mafuta a dizilo kuti tipewe kulephera kwa mpope wamafuta chifukwa chosakwanira kutulutsa vacuum ndipo, chifukwa chake, kulephera kwa gearbox. Pankhani yokonzanso ma gearbox, thirirani pampu yamafuta ndi mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gearbox musanayike.

Mukakokera galimoto ndi injini yomwe ikuyenda mopanda pake, zolowetsa ndi zapakati za gearbox sizimazungulira, pampu yamafuta pakadali pano siigwira ntchito ndipo siyipereka mafuta kumayendedwe a mano a shaft yotulutsa ndi malo owoneka bwino. za synchronizer shaft, zomwe zimatsogolera ku zikanda pamalo otsetsereka, kuvala mphete za synchronizer ndi kulephera kwa bokosi lonse la gear. Kuti mukoke, chotsani chowotcha ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira mwachindunji (chachinayi), kapena kuletsa kutumizira kumayendedwe.

Sichiloledwa kukoka galimoto kwa mtunda wa makilomita oposa 20 popanda kuchotsa khadi kapena kusokoneza clutch ndi gear yolunjika.

Pofuna kupewa kuvala msanga kwa mapeyala akukangana, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenthetse bokosi la gear musanayambe injini pa kutentha kozungulira -30 ° C. Ngati izi sizingatheke, injini ikayimitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, tsitsani mafutawo mu crankcase ndipo, musanayambe injini, tenthetsani mafutawa ndikudzaza mu chibowo cha chivundikiro chapamwamba.

Kusuntha kosalala komanso kosavuta komanso kuteteza mano a countershaft ndi zida zoyamba ndi zakumbuyo kuti zisavale pama axles, komanso kuteteza mphete za synchronizer kuti zisavale kuti zisinthe bwino clutch ndikuletsa "kuyendetsa".

Ma gearbox a MAZ ndi njira yosinthira zida zomwe ndi gawo la chipangizo chotumizira limodzi ndi chogawa.