Dzichitireni nokha zida zotchingira mawu mgalimoto

Momwe mungayendetse bwino galimoto yoletsa soundproof? Ndi zipangizo ziti zomwe zimafunika? Kodi amawononga ndalama zingati ndipo ndi ati abwino kwambiri? Mafunso onsewa amafunsidwa ndi mwiniwake wa galimotoyo, atatopa ndi zowomba zakunja ndi phokoso lomwe limamulepheretsa kuyendetsa galimoto.

Ziyenera kumveka kuti kutsekemera kwa mawu kuyenera kuganiziridwa mozama. Tinalemba pa Vodi.su za momwe tingapangire phokoso, tinatchulanso zamadzimadzi. Komabe, simudzachotsa phokoso losautsa, kunjenjemera kwa magalasi, "crickets" pakhungu ndi kunjenjemera ngati mungogwiritsa ntchito kutchinjiriza kwamadzi pansi kapena ma wheel arches, kapena kumata chivindikiro cha thunthu ndi vibroplast.

Ndiko kuti, kuti mupeze zotsatira zogwira mtima kwambiri, muyenera kuwerengera molondola kutsekemera kwa mawu - kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe timafunikira. Muyeneranso kuwunika momwe galimotoyo ilili.

Chonde dziwaninso kuti kuletsa mawu sikuli koletsa mawu, chifukwa dalaivala amangofunika kumva zizindikiro za ogwiritsa ntchito ena amsewu, phokoso la injini.

Chifukwa chake, mutatha kuyendetsa bwino mawu, mulingo waphokoso lakunja, kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka kumachepetsedwa kwambiri mpaka kukhala bwino. Chitonthozo mlingo ndi pamene mulibe kufuula pa phokoso la injini kulankhula ndi okwera.

Mitundu ya zida zotchingira mawu

Zidazi zimagawidwa m'magulu angapo akuluakulu, malingana ndi cholinga chawo chachikulu.

Conventionally, iwo amagawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu:

• zochepetsera kugwedezeka;
• zoteteza mawu;
• zotetezera kutentha.

Gawoli limatchedwa zovomerezeka, chifukwa opanga ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yophatikizira ndipo zinthu zawo zimatha kugwira ntchito zingapo nthawi imodzi:

• kuyamwa phokoso ndi kugwedezeka;
• kuwaza mafunde amphamvu;
• kuteteza thupi ku dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka.

Ma vibration dampers adapangidwa kuti azitha kugwedezeka, zotchingira mawu - zimawonetsa mafunde amawu, zotchingira kutentha - zimawongolera kutsekereza kwamawu ndipo zimatha kusunga kutentha mu kanyumba.

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu itatu iyi, mudzafunikanso:

• anti-creak - kuyamwa creaking ndi kugwedezeka mkati mwa kanyumba;
• kulimbikitsa zida - izi ndi zinthu zodula kwambiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa chimango chagalimoto, kupatsa thupi kukhazikika kowonjezera;
• zisindikizo - zimayikidwa pamphambano ya ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi thupi.

Ngati titenga chilichonse mwazinthu izi, tidzawona kuti zimatha kusiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana: makulidwe, njira yoyika, kapangidwe kake, ndi zina zotero.

Kutembenukira ku sitolo yapadera, yomwe mameneja ake sanabwere kudzagwira ntchito pa malonda, koma amadziwa bwino kutsekemera kwa mawu, ndiye, mwinamwake, simudzapatsidwa chinthu chimodzi chokha, koma zida zapadera zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phokoso. kutsekereza. Zida zoterezi zitha kupezeka, mwachitsanzo, pazitseko, thunthu, hood kapena mkati. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikukakamira nokha kapena muutumiki.

Kugwedera kuyamwa zipangizo

Ntchito yaikulu ya zipangizo zoterezi ndi kuchepetsa matalikidwe a oscillations galimoto structural zinthu. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha phokoso, mafunde a phokoso, akakumana ndi chopinga, amasanduka kugwedezeka. Ma vibration dampers amachokera ku viscoelastic material yomwe imatenga kugwedezeka. Zotsatira zake, mphamvu yogwedezeka imasandulika kukhala mphamvu yotentha.

Ngati tiyang'ana mawonekedwe a damper yogwedeza, tidzawona zinthu za viscoelastic pansi pa zojambulazo. Kumbali yam'mbuyo pali zomatira, chifukwa chake mapepala amamatiridwa pansi kapena padenga. Kugwedezeka kochokera kunja kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zotanuka zizigwedezeka ndikuzipaka pachojambulacho, motero kunjenjemerako kumasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yotentha.

Mwa zochepetsera kugwedeza zomwe zilipo pamsika lero, titha kulangiza:

• VisaMat;
• Vibroplast M1 ndi M2, aka Banny M1 kapena M2;
• BiMastStandart;
• BiMastBomb.

Zida zonsezi zimabwera ngati mipukutu kapena mapepala osiyana a miyeso ya magalimoto ena. Amakhala ndi zomatira zokha, zosanjikiza za zinthu zoyamwa ndi zojambulazo (BiMastStandard imabwera popanda zojambulazo).

Ndiosavuta kudula ndi lumo, chifukwa gluing ndikofunikira kutentha maziko mpaka madigiri 50, muyenera kumamatira pamalo oyeretsedwa komanso odetsedwa.

Zogulitsa zamakampani aku Russia - StandardPlast (StP) ndizodziwika kwambiri. Kawirikawiri zidzalimbikitsidwa kwa inu ntchito yotereyi. Ndi StandardPlast yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto ambiri aku Russia ndi akunja.

Zida zotengera mawu

Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa dampers. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyamwa mafunde amawu chifukwa cha ma cell awo komanso mawonekedwe a viscous. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chotchinga chowonjezera kupondereza kugwedezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, mapepala a zotsekemera zaphokoso ndi osavuta kupindika ndikuyika pazigawo za mawonekedwe aliwonse. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kanyumba ndi thunthu.

Ngati mukuyang'ana zida zotchingira mawu, tcherani khutu ku:

• Biplast - yogwira phokoso mayamwidwe mpaka 85 peresenti;
• Mawu (amabwera ndi filimu yazitsulo) - kuyamwa kwa phokoso kumafika 90%;
• Bitoplast - yochokera ku phula, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthetsa squeaks zoipa ndi kuletsa phokoso;
• Isoton - chifukwa cha filimu yoteteza mafuta ndi mafuta, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poletsa phokoso la nyumba, pansi, khoma la injini pansi pa chida.

Mwa zina, zinthuzi zimakhalanso ndi zinthu zoteteza kutentha ndipo zimatha kukhala ngati ma heater.

Ma insulators omveka

Ntchito yayikulu ndikuyamwa ndikuchepetsa phokoso pamapangidwe ake a porous. Amamatidwa pamwamba pa zinthu zomwe zimakoka mawu.

Odziwika kwambiri:

• Noise Block ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mastic zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa thunthu, mkati, mawilo. Amakhala angapo zigawo ndipo ali pazipita phokoso mayamwidwe coefficient;
• Vibrotone - imatenga phokoso m'mafupipafupi osiyanasiyana, sichimamwa madzi, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chophimba pansi pa kanyumba.

Kugwira ntchito ndi zinthu izi ndizosavuta, zimakutidwa ndi kuphatikizika, zimagwira bwino, pokhapokha ngati malangizo a wopanga atsatiridwa.

Zida Zapamwamba

Pamwambapa, talemba zida zogwedera komanso zotulutsa mawu momwe zimalangizidwa kuti zizimangirizidwa kuti zitheke. Ngati tiganizira kuti pafupifupi mphamvu yokoka ya phokoso ndi kugwedera odzipatula ndi 3 kilogalamu pa lalikulu mita, n'zoonekeratu kuti kudzipatula kungachititse kuti okwana kulemera kwa galimoto mpaka 25-50 makilogalamu.

Kuti izi zisachitike, mutha kuyitanitsa kutchinjiriza kwamawu ndi zida za multilayer kapena zinthu zamtundu wa Light class, ndiye kuti, zopepuka. Musaiwale komanso kuti ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito madzi otsekemera kuti muteteze kunja ndi kugwedezeka kwa madzi, mukhoza kupeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa galimoto kudzafika pa kilogalamu 25.

Kuchokera ku zida zamakalasi a Premium timalimbikitsa:

• Shumoff Mix F - imakhala ndi zigawo 8, koma mphamvu yokoka yonse imachepetsedwa;
• mzere wa StP Premium (Accent Premium, BiPlast Premium, BimastBomb Premium ndi ena) - kuphatikiza ndi Noise Liquidator mastic pakutsekereza phokoso lakunja, amapereka zotsatira zodabwitsa.

Anti-creak zipangizo

Chabwino, pamene galimotoyo yakhala yakale kale ndipo kulira kumakhala phokoso lachilendo kwa izo, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kusindikiza zinthu zotsutsana ndi creak monga BitoPlast kapena Madeleine. Iwo ali pamtunda wa phula-nsalu, amachiritsidwa ndi impregnations yapadera, chifukwa chake samatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu kanyumba. Kuonjezera apo, amakhalanso ndi mphamvu zotetezera kutentha.

Zovala zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi zimasunga katundu wawo pa kutentha mpaka madigiri 50.

Tikutsegula...