Tanki yopepuka ya ana oyenda "Valentine"
Tanki yopepuka ya ana oyenda "Valentine"Tank Infantry, Valentine.
Tanki yachinyamata "Valentine" idapangidwa muzosintha khumi ndi chimodzi, ndipo nthawi iliyonse kusintha kunapangidwa kokha ku zida zankhondo ndi magetsi, ndipo hull, kufalitsa mphamvu ndi galimotoyo sizinasinthidwe, pokhapokha muzotulutsidwa zoyamba za hull zinagwedezeka, ndipo mu onse wotsatira - welded. Magalimoto a zosinthidwa zisanu ndi ziwiri zoyambirira anali ndi cannon 40 mm, atatu otsatirawa anali ndi cannon 57 mm, ndipo khumi ndi imodzi anali ndi cannon 75 mm. Mfuti za 57-mm ndi 75-mm zinali zazikulu kwambiri kuti zigwirizane ndi torret yaing'ono ya tank, kotero chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito mu turret chinayenera kuchepetsedwa kukhala awiri, zomwe zinapangitsa kukonza mfuti kukhala kovuta. Pa kusinthidwa koyamba anaika injini carburetor, pa zosintha zonse wotsatira - injini dizilo. Inali ndi zowonera ma telescopic, magalasi owonera ngati zida zowonera, komanso wayilesi. Zinapezeka kuti chachikulu kwambiri British thanki - 8275 magalimoto amtundu uwu, ngakhale kuti zida zawo ndi kuyenda nthawi zonse ankaona ngati osakwanira. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu osiyanasiyana a tank kuti athandizidwe mwachindunji ndi ana. Ndalama zambiri zidaperekedwa ku USSR pansi pa Lend-Lease. Kumayambiriro kwa 1938, Vickers anali pa mndandanda wa makampani omwe akugwira nawo ntchito yopanga M1s II (A12) motsogozedwa ndi Vulkan. M'malo mwake, kampaniyo idaperekedwanso kuti ipange mtundu wake wamtundu wa A10, womwe ukhoza kukhala thanki yoyamba ya makanda yomwe imakwaniritsa zomwe zidapangidwa mu 1934 ndi General Staff yamtundu uwu wagalimoto. A10 pambuyo pake idasankhidwa ngati sitima yapamadzi yolemetsa chifukwa inali yopepuka yankhondo kuposa A10 ndi A12. Vickers anasankha njira yachiwiri, popeza idapanga kale zigawo ndi misonkhano ya A10, ndipo ikhoza kuyamba kupanga magalimoto molingana ndi izo, pamene kusintha kwa thanki ya A12 kukanakhala kowononga. Galimoto yatsopanoyo idagwiritsa ntchito chassis, kuyimitsidwa, injini ndi kutumizira zofanana ndi A10, koma inali ndi kutalika kocheperako, zida zankhondo zolemera kwambiri komanso turret yatsopano yokhala ndi mfuti ya 2-pounder (40 mm). Mapangidwe ndi mapulani a kampaniyo anaperekedwa ku Dipatimenti ya Nkhondo madzulo a Tsiku la Valentine mu February 1938, ndipo izi zinapangitsa kuti dzina la "Valentine" liperekedwe ku polojekitiyi. Patatha chaka chimodzi, iwo anapereka lamulo loti apange, koma vuto lalikulu linali nsanja yaing'ono yomwe munkakhala anthu awiri ogwira ntchito. Mu July 1939, a Vickers analandira oda ya magalimoto 275. Kukula kofulumira kwa kupanga kunathandizidwa ndi chitukuko cha chassis cha A10 ndi Vickers. Mu May 1940, galimoto yoyamba yopanga inatumizidwa kwa asilikali kuti akayesedwe.
Kutumiza koyamba kwa magalimoto muutumiki kunayamba kumapeto kwa 1940, ndipo mu 1940-41. Ma Valentines adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi BTC ngati akasinja apamadzi kuti achepetse kuchepa kwawo. Akasinja a Valentine adawonekera koyamba mu 8th Army mu June 1941 ndipo pambuyo pake adakhala gawo lofunikira lankhondo zomwe zidatsalira kunkhondo m'chipululu.
Kupanga "Valentines" kunayimitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa 1944, pambuyo pa kutulutsidwa kwa magalimoto 8275. Komabe, pofika kumapeto kwa 1942, thankiyo inali yachikale kwambiri chifukwa cha liwiro lake lochepa komanso turret, zomwe sizinalole kuyika zida zolemera kwambiri.
Zosintha III ndi V zidalandira ma turrets okwezeka omwe amatha kukhala ndi membala winanso wa ogwira nawo ntchito (onyamula katundu), koma malo owonjezerawa adayenera kuchotsedwa pomwe mfuti ya 57 mm idayikidwa pazosintha zotsatirazi. Ndinayenera kubwerera ku ntchito zosayenera za turret ya amuna aŵiri kuti ndiwonjezere moto. 6-pounder inayambitsidwa kwa akasinja a Valentine kuyambira March 1942. Zosintha zina zinaphatikizapo injini ya dizilo ndi kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono ku zomangamanga zowotcherera.
Mu March 1943, British 75 mamilimita thanki mfuti anaika ndi kuwombera thanki A27 pa Valentine ndi pa thanki Churchill. Kupambana kwa mayesowa kunapangitsa kuti chitukuko chathunthu ndi kukhazikitsa kwa mfutiyi kuyambike. Kusintha IX kunali komaliza. Kuphatikiza pa Vickers, akasinja a Valentine adamangidwa ndi Metropolitan Cammel ndi Birmingham Carriage ndi Wagon.
Valentine idakhala imodzi mwa akasinja akuluakulu aku Britain ndipo mu 1943 idawerengera gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi azinthu zonse zomwe zidapangidwa ku Britain. "Valentine" anakhala maziko a chilengedwe cha magalimoto apadera osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, mfuti ziwiri zodzipangira zokha zidapangidwa pa Valentine chassis.
Makhalidwe a magwiridwe antchito a kusintha kwa XI
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Thanki ya Valentine idapangidwa ndi Vickers-Armstrong, kupanga kwake kudayamba mu 1940 ndikupitilira mpaka 1944. Ili ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba: chipinda choyang'anira chili kutsogolo, chipinda chomenyerapo nkhondo chili pakatikati pa hull, ndipo chipinda chamagetsi ndi chipinda choperekera mphamvu chili kumbuyo kwa chikwamacho. Chassis imagwiritsa ntchito kuyimitsidwa kwa kasupe kotsekedwa. Odzigudubuza njanji amaphatikizidwa mu midadada iwiri mbali iliyonse, mu chipika chilichonse pali odzigudubuza ang'onoang'ono awiri ndi wodzigudubuza wa sing'anga awiri. Odzigudubuza ali ndi zokutira za mphira pamalo ogwirira ntchito; Galimotoyo ili ndi zida zamphamvu: makulidwe a zida zakutsogolo ndi zam'mbali za hull ndi turret ndi 65 mm ndi 60 mm, motero.
