Magalimoto odziwika Volkswagen LT 28, 35, 45, 46 - mikhalidwe yayikulu ndi kusiyana
Zamkatimu
Magalimoto amtundu wa Volkswagen LT amakhala opangidwa bwino komanso ofunidwa. M'mbiri yawo, kuyambira 1975, apeza kutchuka kwakukulu ku Western ndi Eastern Europe, komanso m'mayiko a CIS, kuphatikizapo Russia. Amayimira masinthidwe osiyanasiyana - kuchokera pamagalimoto ndi ma vani amitundu yosiyanasiyana yonyamula mpaka ma minibasi okwera. Wopanga wamkulu wa mndandanda wonse wa LT anali Gustav Maier. Magalimoto ang'onoang'ono azachuma awa ndi oyenera kwambiri makampani ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati.
Volkswagen LT mndandanda wa m'badwo woyamba
Zaka zinayi zokha - kuyambira 1975 mpaka 1979, magalimoto oposa 100 zikwi za "Volkswagen LT". Izi zikuwonetsa kuti wopanga magalimoto aku Germany adapanga zosintha zomwe zimafunidwa kwambiri zamagalimoto ndi magalimoto othandizira. Pambuyo pake, LT chassis idagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kukhazikitsa nyumba zamagalimoto zoyendera ku Westfalia ndi Florida pamenepo. Kwa nthawi yayitali, magalimoto awa adasinthidwa kangapo, mitundu yambiri yamakono yamtunduwu imapangidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
Chithunzi chazithunzi: Lasten-Transporter (LT) - zoyendera zonyamula katundu
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- LT 28 ndi galimoto yophatikizika
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- Kusintha kwa LT 35 kumapangidwa pamaziko omwe amafanana ndi banja lonse, koma ali ndi galimoto yokhala ndi flatbed.
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- Mtundu wa LT 35 umagwirizanitsa bwino ubwino wa van ndi galimoto, kuchita ntchito ya galimoto yonyamula katundu.
LT 28, 35 ndi 45 zitsanzo
Mbadwo woyamba wa magalimoto amtunduwu unayamba kuyenda m'misewu m'ma 70s a zaka zapitazo. Kupanga kwawo kudayambika pafakitale ya Volkswagen ku Hannover. Kuphatikiza pa cholinga chawo chogwira ntchito, amasiyana kulemera kwake konse:
- kwa kuwala kwa Volkswagen LT 28, ndi matani 2,8;
- "Volkswagen LT 35" sing'anga-ntchito kalasi mu zipangizo chomwecho akulemera matani 3,5;
- Volkswagen LT 45 yodzaza kwambiri ya matani apakati amalemera matani 4,5.
Zosintha za LT 28 ndi 35 zinali magalimoto amtundu wamitundu yambiri, magalimoto olimba azitsulo okhala ndi madenga otsika komanso okwera, zonyamula katundu, zonyamula katundu, komanso magalimoto oyendera alendo omwe adagubuduzika pamzere wa msonkhano. Makabati a dalaivala ndi apaulendo anapangidwa ndi mizere imodzi kapena iwiri ya mipando.
Mu 1983, kukonzanso koyamba kwa Volkswagen LT 28, 35 ndi 45 kunachitika. M'chaka chomwecho anayamba kupanga cholemera kwambiri Volkswagen LT 55, amene amalemera matani 5,6 mu zida zonse. Zosinthazo zidakhudza zodula zamkati ndi ma dashboard. Zigawo zazikulu za magalimoto zinakhalanso zamakono. Mu 1986, wopanga adaganiza zopanga kunja kwamakono mwa kusintha mawonekedwe a nyali zamoto kukhala lalikulu. Pazitsanzo zonse, thupi linalimbikitsidwa ndipo malamba a mipando anaikidwa. Kukonzanso kwina kunachitika mu 1993. Ma grilles atsopano adapangidwa, komanso ma bumper akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo. Ma Dashboards ndi mapangidwe amkati asinthidwanso.
Makina a m'badwo woyamba akugwirabe ntchito bwino. Mu ndemanga zambiri za madalaivala, chakuti ma cab ndi matupi a galimoto amapangidwa ndi kupenta ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Popanda kuwonongeka kwamakina, ma Volkswagen LT onse ali ndi thupi labwino kwambiri, ngakhale akugwira ntchito zaka zambiri. Mkati mwake amapangidwa mu miyambo yabwino kwambiri ya 70-80s ya zaka zapitazo. Panthawiyo, panali zosintha zochepa komanso zosinthira, popeza magalimoto anali osadzaza ndi zamagetsi, monga momwe zilili pano. Ichi ndichifukwa chake dashboard sikhala wolemera mu geji.
Chiwongolero, monga lamulo, ndi chachikulu, chomangirizidwa ku chiwongolero chokhala ndi ma spokes awiri okha. Izi ndichifukwa choti masinthidwe oyambira sanali okonzeka ndi chiwongolero champhamvu komanso kusintha kwa magawo. Kusintha kumatheka kokha m'makina omwe adalamulidwa ngati njira. Pansi pa wailesi, kagawo kakang'ono kameneka kanaperekedwa kale, koma magalimoto analibe nazo. Injiniyo ili pamwamba pa chitsulo cha kutsogolo, pansi pa mpando wokwera. Chifukwa cha ichi, ndi lalikulu mkati, kupereka chitonthozo chabwino kwa dalaivala ndi okwera.
Makabati a mzere umodzi - zitseko ziwiri. Mizere iwiri imatulutsidwa m'mitundu iwiri: ziwiri ndi zinayi zitseko. Makabati okhala ndi mzere umodzi wa mipando amatha kunyamula anthu awiri ndi dalaivala. Mizere iwiri kupatula dalaivala akhoza kunyamula anthu asanu. Matupi a minibasi anali ndi zitseko zisanu. Mndandanda wa LT unali wopambana kwambiri moti unakopa chidwi cha kampani ina ya ku Germany - MAN, wopanga magalimoto olemera. Kupanga pamodzi kwa magalimoto olemera pansi pa mtundu wa MAN-Volkswagen kunakhazikitsidwa. M'mapangidwe awa, magalimotowa adagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 1996. Chaka chino, m'badwo wachiwiri wa magalimoto anaonekera - "Volkswagen LT II".
Zolemba zamakono
Chassis kwa banja lonse la LT m'badwo woyamba anali ndi utali wosiyana wa 2,5, 2,95 ndi 3,65 m. Poyamba, magalimoto anali okonzeka ndi awiri lita carbureted anayi yamphamvu injini Perkins 4.165 ndi mphamvu 75 ndiyamphamvu. Injini iyi yatsimikizira bwino, kotero idakhazikitsidwa mpaka 1982. Kuyambira 1976 iwo anawonjezera dizilo wa kampani yomweyi ndi buku la malita 2,7 ndi malita 65. Ndi. Idathetsedwanso mu 1982.
Kuyambira mu 1979, Volkswagen anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito sikisi yamphamvu mafuta, dizilo ndi turbodiesel mayunitsi, ntchito umodzi yamphamvu chipika ndi buku okwana malita 2,4 ndi mphamvu 69 mpaka 109 ndiyamphamvu. Ndi yamphamvu chipika, mu 1982 anayamba kupanga 2,4-lita turbocharged dizilo ndi mphamvu 102 ndiyamphamvu. Mu 1988, kusinthidwa turbocharged wa injini dizilo chomwecho anaonekera, ndi mphamvu m'munsi - 92 HP. Ndi.
Pamagalimoto opepuka komanso apakatikati, kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kumakhala kodziyimira pawokha, kulakalaka kawiri ndi akasupe a coil. Heavy LT 45s ali kale ndi chitsulo cholimba pa akasupe aatali osonkhanitsidwa kuchokera pamapepala angapo. Kutumiza kwake ndi gearbox ya magiya anayi kapena asanu. Clutch idaperekedwa ndi makina oyendetsa. Galimotoyo inali ndi mitundu iwiri ya ma axles oyendetsa:
- yokhala ndi giya yayikulu yokhala ndi siteji imodzi, kusiyanitsa komwe kuli ma satelayiti awiri odzaza ndi ma axle shafts;
- yokhala ndi gawo limodzi lomaliza, kusiyanitsa ndi ma satellite anayi ndi ma axle shafts odzaza.
Kwa madera omwe ali ndi misewu yosauka, magalimoto oyendetsa magudumu onse amapangidwa.
Table: miyeso ya Volkswagen LT 35 ndi 45 zosintha magalimoto
| Makulidwe, kulemera | Volkswagen LT35 | Volkswagen LT45 |
| Kutalika, mm | 4850 | 5630 |
| Kutalika, mm | 2050 | 2140 |
| Kutalika, mm | 2580 | 2315 |
| Kulemera kwazitsulo, kg | 1800 | 1900 |
| Zolemba malire kulemera, kg | 3500 | 4500 |
Kanema: Volkswagen LT 28, kabati mkati mwachidule
Volkswagen LT m'badwo wachiwiri
Mu 1996, mpikisano wamuyaya - VW ndi Mercedes-Benz - adagwirizana. Chotsatira chake chinali kubadwa kwa mndandanda wogwirizana wokhala ndi mitundu iwiri: Volkswagen LT ndi Mersedes Sprinter. Chassis ndi thupi lonse zinali zofanana. Kupatulapo kunali kutsogolo kwa kabati, injini ndi mizere yotumizira - automaker iliyonse inali ndi yake. 1999 idakumbukiridwa chifukwa Mercedes adakweza dashboard ndi maulamuliro opatsira pamanja. Volkswagen anasankha kusiya zonse monga zinalili kale.
Mu 1996, LT 45 m'malo ndi kusinthidwa latsopano - LT 46, masekeli 4,6 matani mu kuthamanga. Zolinga zambiri zomwe zasinthidwa zasungidwa komanso kukulitsidwa. Kuphatikiza pa ma vani okhala ndi madenga osiyanasiyana, magalimoto oyenda pansi, ma minibasi onyamula katundu ndi othandizira, ma minivan, mabasi ndi magalimoto otayira adawonekera. Kupanga mndandanda wa magalimoto "Volkswagen" anapitiriza mpaka 2006.
Zithunzi Zojambula: Zosinthidwa LT Series
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- Mu 1996, kutsogolo kwa kabati kunatenga mawonekedwe amakono.
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- Galimotoyo ili kale ndi hood yomwe imakhala ndi mwayi wopita ku injini
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- Mtundu wa Volkswagen LT 46 udawonekera mu 1996
Makhalidwe a magalimoto "Volkswagen" LT m'badwo wachiwiri
Kuchepetsa kulemera kwa magalimoto onse kumatsimikiziridwa ndi manambala awiri omaliza a kusinthidwa - chimodzimodzi ndi m'badwo woyamba. Mabuleki a disc adayikidwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa ma LT onse. Mkati mwa salon wasintha. Mipando yatsopano, ya ergonomic komanso mawonekedwe owongolera chiwongolero, komanso kuthekera kopanga zosintha zingapo pampando wa dalaivala, kuphatikiza kuwongolera kutalika, kunapangitsa maulendowo kukhala omasuka. Ngati m'badwo woyamba chiwongolero cha mphamvu chinali chosankha, kuyambira 1996 chakhalapo kale pamakonzedwe oyambira. Ma wheelbase asinthanso:
- LT 28 - 3000-3550 mm;
- LT 35 - kuchokera 3000 mpaka 4025 mm;
- LT 46 - 3550-4025 mm.Kusintha LT 46 II kunayamba kupangidwa mu 1996
Dashboard ya dalaivala ili ndi speedometer, tachometer, kutentha kwa antifreeze ndi masensa a mafuta mu thanki. Speedometer imaphatikizidwa ndi tachograph. Palinso magetsi angapo ochenjeza omwe amapereka zambiri kwa dalaivala. Kuwongolera ndi kosavuta, zogwirira ntchito zochepa ndi makiyi - mukhoza kuyatsa kutentha kwa mazenera, komanso kusintha mphamvu ya kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino. Kupitiliza kwa mapangidwe a cab kunasungidwa - VW idapanga ma cabs okhala ndi mizere iwiri ndi mizere iwiri yokhala ndi zitseko ziwiri ndi zinayi zamagalimoto. Mawilo akumbuyo pamitundu 28 ndi 35 ndi amodzi, pa LT 46 ndi apawiri. Dongosolo la ABS linapezeka ngati njira.
Makhalidwe achidule
LT tsopano inali ndi magetsi anayi a dizilo. Atatu a iwo anali a voliyumu yemweyo - malita 2,5, anali ndi masilindala 5 ndi mavavu 10, koma osiyana mphamvu (89, 95 ndi 109 HP). Izi zimakhala zotheka ngati mapangidwe a injini asinthidwa kukhala amakono. Wachinayi, asanu yamphamvu injini dizilo, anayamba kupangidwa mu 2002, ndi buku la malita 2,8, anayamba mphamvu ya malita 158. s ndipo adangodya 8 l / 100 Km pakuyenda kophatikizana. Komanso, mu mzere wa mayunitsi mphamvu jekeseni anayi yamphamvu jekeseni ndi buku la malita 2,3 ndi mphamvu ya malita 143. Ndi. Kuphatikizika kwake kwa gasi wozungulira ndi 8,6 l / 100 km.
Kwa magalimoto onse am'badwo wachiwiri, kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kumakhala kodziyimira pawokha, kokhala ndi kasupe wamasamba. Kumbuyo - kasupe wodalira, wokhala ndi ma telescopic shock absorbers. Magalimoto onse a m'badwo wachiwiri anali ndi loko yosiyana ya axle. Kuthekera kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke kwambiri kuthekera kwapadziko lonse munthawi yovuta komanso nyengo yamisewu. Wopanga makinawo adapereka chitsimikizo chazaka 2 pamagalimoto onse amtundu wa LT, ndi chitsimikizo chazaka 12 cha ntchito yolimbitsa thupi.
Table: miyeso ndi kulemera kwa mavans onyamula katundu
| Makulidwe, maziko, kulemera | Volkswagen LT 28 II | Volkswagen LT 35 II | Volkswagen LT46 |
| Kutalika, mm | 4835 | 5585 | 6535 |
| Kutalika, mm | 1933 | 1933 | 1994 |
| Kutalika, mm | 2350 | 2570 | 2610 |
| Gudumu, mm | 3000 | 3550 | 4025 |
| Kulemera kwazitsulo, kg | 1817 | 1977 | 2377 |
| Kulemera konse | 2800 | 3500 | 4600 |
Gome likuwonetsa ma vani okhala ndi ma wheelbase osiyanasiyana. Ngati maziko a zosintha zosiyanasiyana ali ofanana, ndiye kuti miyeso yawo imakhalanso yofanana. Mwachitsanzo, ma minivans LT 28 ndi 35 ali ndi wheelbase wa 3 mm, kotero miyeso yawo ndi yofanana ndi ya LT 28 van yokhala ndi maziko omwewo. Kuchepetsa kulemera kokha ndi kulemera kwakukulu kumasiyana.
Table: miyeso ndi kulemera kwa pickups
| Makulidwe, maziko, kulemera | Volkswagen LT 28 II | Volkswagen LT 35 II | Volkswagen LT46 |
| Kutalika, mm | 5070 | 5855 | 6803 |
| Kutalika, mm | 1922 | 1922 | 1922 |
| Kutalika, mm | 2150 | 2155 | 2160 |
| Gudumu, mm | 3000 | 3550 | 4025 |
| Kulemera kwazitsulo, kg | 1857 | 2031 | 2272 |
| Kulemera konse | 2800 | 3500 | 4600 |
Palibe ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosintha zina poyerekezera ndi zina. Iliyonse yamitunduyi imakhala ndi mphamvu yonyamula, yomwe imatsimikizira kukula kwake. Mndandanda wonsewo uli ndi zolinga zambiri, ndiko kuti, zitsanzo zake zimapangidwa mosiyanasiyana. Kugwirizana kwa injini, mkati mwa cab ndi zida zothamanga kumathetsanso kusiyana pakati pa LT 28, 35 ndi 46.
Kanema: "Volkswagen LT 46 II"
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa magalimoto okhala ndi petulo ndi dizilo
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa injini zamafuta ndi dizilo? Pankhani ya mapangidwe, ndi ofanana, koma injini za dizilo ndizovuta komanso zazikulu pamapangidwe, chifukwa chake ndi okwera mtengo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zimakhala zolimba kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zabwino popanga. Mafuta a injini za dizilo ndi mafuta otsika mtengo a dizilo, a injini za jakisoni - petulo. Kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya mu injini za jakisoni kumayatsidwa ndi moto wopangidwa ndi makandulo.
M'zipinda zoyatsa za injini za dizilo, mphamvu ya mpweya imakwera chifukwa cha kukanikizidwa kwake ndi ma pistoni, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumakweranso. Ndiye, pamene magawo onsewa afika pamtengo wokwanira (kupanikizika - 5 MPa, kutentha - 900 ° C), ma nozzles amabaya mafuta a dizilo. Apa ndi pamene kuyatsa kumachitika. Kuti mafuta a dizilo alowe m'chipinda choyaka moto, pampu yamagetsi (TNVD) imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
The peculiarity ntchito mayunitsi dizilo mphamvu amalola kupeza mphamvu oveteredwa ngakhale otsika chiwerengero cha kusintha, kuyambira 2 zikwi pa mphindi. Izi ndichifukwa choti dizilo sizimayika zofunikira pakusinthasintha kwamafuta a dizilo. Ndi injini za petulo, zinthu zafika poipa. Amapeza mphamvu ya nameplate kokha kuchokera ku 3,5-4 zikwi zosintha pamphindi ndipo izi ndizovuta zawo.
Ubwino wina wa injini za dizilo ndikuchita bwino. Njira ya Common Rail, yomwe tsopano yaikidwa m'mainjini onse a dizilo opangidwa ku Ulaya, imayeza mafuta a dizilo molondola ma milligrams ndipo amatsimikizira nthawi yomwe amaperekedwa. Chifukwa cha izi, mphamvu yawo ndi pafupifupi 40% kuposa mayunitsi a petulo, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi 20-30%. Kuonjezera apo, pali mpweya wochepa wa carbon monoxide mu mpweya wa dizilo, womwe umakhalanso wopindulitsa ndipo tsopano ukugwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha chilengedwe cha Euro 6. Zosefera za particulate zimachotsa bwino zosakaniza zovulaza kuchokera ku utsi.
Dziwani kuti injini dizilo opangidwa zaka 30 zapitazo akadali chuma kuposa carburetor injini mafuta a nthawi kupanga. Kuipa kwa mayunitsi a dizilo kumaphatikizapo phokoso lapamwamba, komanso kugwedezeka komwe kumayenderana ndi ntchito yawo. Izi ndichifukwa choti kupanikizika kwakukulu kumapangidwa m'zipinda zoyaka moto. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zikhale zazikulu. Palinso zovuta zina:
- sensitivity ku khalidwe lamafuta;
- kukwera mtengo kwa kukonza;
- liwiro laling'ono (mpaka 4500 pa mphindi).
Podziwa mbali ya mitundu iwiri ya injini, aliyense tsogolo mwini akhoza kusankha kugula okwera mtengo dizilo phukusi kapena kusankha njira ndi injini mafuta.
Video: jekeseni wa dizilo kapena petulo - ndi injini yabwino iti
Ndemanga za eni ndi oyendetsa za Volkswagen LT
Mndandanda woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa LT wakhala ukugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali. "Volkswagen LT" ya m'badwo woyamba, yotulutsidwa zaka 20 mpaka 40 zapitazo, ikupitabe. Izi zikukamba za khalidwe labwino kwambiri la "Germany" ndi chikhalidwe chabwino cha makinawa. Rarities mtengo kuchokera 6 mpaka 10 madola zikwi, ngakhale ukalamba wawo. Choncho, mavoti a magalimoto awa ayenera kusamala.
Volkswagen LT 1987 2.4 ndi kufala Buku. Galimoto ndiyabwino! Anapita kwa zaka 4 ndi miyezi 6, panalibe mavuto. Kuthamanga mofewa komanso mwamphamvu. Pambuyo bulkhead bulkhead, patatha zaka 2 kunali koyenera kuti m'malo lamanja chapamwamba mpira ndi bushings akunja a stabilizer. Injini ndi yodalirika komanso yosavuta. Kumwa mu mzinda mpaka malita 10 (ndi miyeso yotere). Ndiwokhazikika panjanjipo, koma chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho yayikulu imakhudzidwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Kanyumbako ndi wamkulu kwambiri. Mukalowa mu GAZelle, Mercedes-100 MV, Fiat-Ducat (mpaka 94) ndikumvetsetsa kuti ndinu mwiniwake wa kanyumba kapamwamba. Thupi chimango, mochulukira si mantha. Nthawi zambiri, ndinkakonda galimotoyo. Ndinagulitsa miyezi iwiri yapitayo, ndipo ndikukumbukirabe ngati mnzanga wokhulupirika komanso wodalirika ...
Volkswagen LT 1986 Galimoto yodalirika kwambiri. "Mphepete" yathu siyipita kufananiza. Pafupifupi mtunda wonse wa galimotoyo uli ndi katundu wofika matani 2,5. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyengo yozizira ndi yotentha. Osalemekeza mafuta athu ndi mafuta. Kutseka ekseli yakumbuyo - izi ndizomwe mukufunikira kumidzi.
Volkswagen LT 1999 Galimotoyi ndiyabwino kwambiri! Mbawala siimaima pafupi ndi iyo, imasunga msewu mwangwiro. Pamalo owunikira, imachoka pamalopo mosavuta kuchokera pagalimoto yapanyumba. Amene akufuna kugula galimoto yazitsulo zonse, ndikukulangizani kuti mukhalemo. Zabwino kwambiri kuposa mtundu wina uliwonse mkalasili.
Magalimoto amalonda opangidwa ndi nkhawa ya Volkswagen ndi odalirika komanso odzichepetsa kwambiri moti n'zovuta kupeza ndemanga zoipa za iwo.
Volkswagen yachita bwino kwambiri, ndikupanga magalimoto odalirika komanso osasamala kwazaka zopitilira 4. Mfundo yakuti otsogolera automakers European - MAN ndi Mersedes-Benz - anaganiza chitukuko pamodzi magalimoto amenewa, amalankhula za ulamuliro mosakayikira ndi utsogoleri wa Volkswagen. Kusintha kwanthawi ndi nthawi komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa zatsopano zatsopano zapangitsa kuti mu 2017 ubongo wake waposachedwa - Volkswagen Crafter yosinthidwa - idazindikirika ngati van yabwino kwambiri ku Europe.
