Mapangidwe a clutch yamagalimoto, zinthu zazikulu

Clutch ndi njira yomwe imasamutsa torque kuchokera ku injini kupita ku gearbox kudzera pa mikangano. Zimathandizanso kuti injiniyo ichotsedwe mwachangu kuchokera pakutumiza ndikulumikizananso kukhazikitsidwa popanda zovuta. Pali mitundu yambiri yamagulu. Amasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma drive omwe amayendetsa (osakwatira, awiri kapena ma multi-drive), mtundu wa malo ogwirira ntchito (ouma kapena onyowa), ndi mtundu wagalimoto. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma clitch ili ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake, koma makina owuma amtundu umodzi kapena ma hydraulically actuated single plate amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto amakono.

Cholinga cha clutch

Clutch imayikidwa pakati pa injini ndi gearbox ndipo ndi imodzi mwamagawo opanikizika kwambiri a gearbox. Imagwira ntchito zazikuluzikulu izi:

1. Kutha kofewa ndi kugwirizana kwa injini ndi gearbox.
2. Kutumiza kwa torque popanda kutsetsereka (kopanda kutaya).
3. Kulipira chifukwa cha kugwedezeka ndi katundu wobwera chifukwa cha ntchito yosagwirizana ndi injini.
4. Chepetsani kupsinjika pa injini ndi magawo opatsirana.

Zigawo za Clutch

Clutch yokhazikika pamagalimoto ambiri otumizira pamanja imaphatikizapo zigawo izi:

• Engine flywheel - Drive disc.
• Clutch disc.
• Clutch dengu - mbale yokakamiza.
• Kutulutsa kwa Clutch.
• chokokera kunja clutch.
• Clutch foloko.
• Clutch drive.

Ma friction linings amayikidwa mbali zonse za clutch disc. Ntchito yake ndikutumiza torque kudzera mukukangana. Damper yodzaza ndi masika yomwe imapangidwira mu disc body imafewetsa kulumikizana ndi flywheel ndikuchepetsa kugwedezeka ndi kupsinjika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito osagwirizana.

Puleti yoponderezedwa ndi kasupe wa diaphragm omwe amagwira ntchito pa clutch disc amaphatikizidwa kukhala gawo limodzi lotchedwa "clutch basket". Chimbale cha clutch chili pakati pa dengu ndi flywheel ndipo chimalumikizidwa ndi splines ku shaft yolowetsa gearbox, pomwe imatha kusuntha.

Kasupe wa dengu (diaphragm) amatha kukankha kapena kutulutsa mpweya. Kusiyanaku kwagona panjira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kuchokera pa clutch actuator: mwina ku flywheel kapena kutali ndi flywheel. Mapangidwe a masika amalola kugwiritsa ntchito dengu lomwe ndi lochepa kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti msonkhano ukhale wogwirizana momwe mungathere.

Momwe clutch imagwirira ntchito

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito clutch imachokera ku kugwirizana kosasunthika kwa clutch disc ndi injini ya flywheel chifukwa cha mphamvu yowonongeka yomwe imapangidwa ndi mphamvu yopangidwa ndi kasupe wa diaphragm. Clutch ili ndi mitundu iwiri: "pa" ndi "off". Nthawi zambiri, diski yoyendetsedwa imakanikizidwa motsutsana ndi flywheel. Torque yochokera ku flywheel imatumizidwa ku diski yoyendetsedwa, kenako kudzera pa kulumikizana kwa spline kupita ku shaft yolowera ya gearbox.

Kuti achotse clutch, dalaivala amatsitsa pedal yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi mphanda kapena makina. Mphanda imayendetsa kutulutsa, komwe, kukanikiza kumapeto kwa ma petals a diaphragm spring, kumayimitsa mphamvu yake pa mbale yokakamiza, yomwe, imatulutsa diski yoyendetsedwa. Panthawi imeneyi, injini imachotsedwa pa gearbox.

Pamene giya yoyenera yasankhidwa mu gearbox, dalaivala amamasula chowongolera chowongolera, mphanda umasiya kuchitapo kanthu pakutulutsa ndi masika. Pulojekitiyo imakanikiza chimbale choyendetsedwa ndi flywheel. Injini imalumikizidwa ndi gearbox.

Mitundu ya Clutch

Zowuma youma

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mtundu uwu wa clutch imachokera ku mphamvu yowonongeka yomwe imapangidwa ndi kuyanjana kwa malo owuma: kuyendetsa, kuyendetsa ndi kukakamiza mbale. Izi zimapereka mgwirizano wolimba pakati pa injini ndi kutumiza. Dry single plate clutch ndiye mtundu wodziwika kwambiri pamagalimoto ambiri otumiza pamanja.

Chonyowa clutch

Zophatikizana zamtunduwu zimagwira ntchito posamba mafuta pamalo opaka. Poyerekeza ndi zouma, chiwembuchi chimapereka kukhudzana kosalala kwa chimbale; chigawocho chimakhazikika bwino chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka madzimadzi ndipo chimatha kusamutsa torque yambiri ku gearbox.

Mapangidwe onyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina amakono apawiri clutch automatic transmissions. Chodabwitsa cha magwiridwe antchito a clutch yotere ndikuti magiya osamveka komanso osamvetseka a bokosi la gear amaperekedwa ndi torque kuchokera ku ma disks osiyana. Clutch drive - hydraulic, yoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Magiya amasinthidwa ndikusuntha kosalekeza kwa torque kupita kumayendedwe popanda kusokoneza kuyenda kwa mphamvu. Mapangidwewa ndi okwera mtengo komanso ovuta kupanga.

Wapawiri chimbale dry clutch

Clutch yowuma yapawiri imakhala ndi ma disc awiri oyendetsedwa ndi spacer wapakatikati pakati pawo. Kapangidwe kameneka kamatha kutumizira torque yambiri ndi makulidwe ofanana. Payokha, ndizosavuta kupanga kuposa mawonekedwe onyowa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto ndi magalimoto okhala ndi injini zamphamvu kwambiri.

Clutch yokhala ndi dual mass flywheel

Dual mass flywheel ili ndi magawo awiri. Mmodzi wa iwo chikugwirizana ndi injini, ena - ndi litayamba loyendetsedwa. Zinthu zonse ziwiri za flywheel zimakhala ndi sewero laling'ono polumikizana wina ndi mnzake mu ndege yozungulira ndipo zimalumikizidwa ndi akasupe.

Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma clutch amtundu wapawiri-mass flywheel ndikusowa kwa torsional vibration damper mu disk yoyendetsedwa. Mapangidwe a flywheel amagwiritsa ntchito kugwetsa kugwedezeka. Kuphatikiza pa kutumiza torque, imachepetsa kugwedezeka ndi katundu wobwera chifukwa cha ntchito yosagwirizana ndi injini.

Moyo wautumiki wa clutch

Moyo wautumiki wa clutch umadalira makamaka momwe galimoto ikugwiritsidwira ntchito, komanso kayendetsedwe ka galimoto ya dalaivala. Pafupifupi, moyo wa clutch ukhoza kufika makilomita 100-150 zikwi. Chifukwa cha kuvala kwachirengedwe komwe kumachitika pamene ma diski amalumikizana, malo otsutsana amatha kuvala ndipo amafunika kusinthidwa. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikutsika kwa disk.

Clutch iwiri ya disc imakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malo ogwirira ntchito. Kutulutsa kwa clutch kumagwira ntchito nthawi iliyonse pomwe kulumikizidwa kwa injini / bokosi la gear kusweka. Pakapita nthawi, mafuta onse amapangidwa m'chifanizirocho ndipo amataya katundu wake, chifukwa chake amawotcha ndikulephera.

Makhalidwe a ceramic coupling

Moyo wautumiki wa clutch ndi ntchito yake yaikulu imatsimikiziridwa ndi katundu wa zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana. Kapangidwe kake ka ma clutch disc pamagalimoto ambiri ndi kuphatikiza kophatikizika kwa magalasi ndi ulusi wachitsulo, utomoni ndi mphira. Popeza mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito clutch imachokera ku mphamvu ya mikangano, mikangano ya disk yoyendetsedwa imasinthidwa kuti igwire ntchito kutentha kwambiri, mpaka madigiri 300-400 Celsius.

M'magalimoto amphamvu amasewera, clutch imakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri kuposa nthawi zonse. Zida zina zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito ceramic kapena sintered clutch. Zida zophatikizika izi zimaphatikizapo ceramic ndi Kevlar. Ceramic-metal friction zakuthupi sizitha kuvala ndipo zimatha kupirira kutentha mpaka madigiri 600 osataya katundu wake.

Opanga amagwiritsa ntchito ma clutch osiyanasiyana omwe ali abwino kwambiri pagalimoto inayake, kutengera momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso mtengo wake. The youma single plate clutch imakhalabe yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo. Chiwembu ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bajeti ndi magalimoto sing'anga-kakulidwe, komanso SUVs ndi magalimoto.