Design, malfunctions ndi kukonza zida chiwongolero Vaz 2107

Galimoto nthawi zonse iyenera kuyankha momveka bwino kuzungulira kwa chiwongolero. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti sipangakhale funso la chitetezo chilichonse. Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa magalimoto onse, kuphatikizapo VAZ 2107. Chiwongolero chachikulu ndi bokosi la gear, lomwe liri ndi zovuta zake, zomwe zingathe kudziwika ndikuchotsedwa popanda kuyendera galimoto.

Chiwongolero zida VAZ 2107

Chiwongolero cha "Zhiguli" cha chitsanzo chachisanu ndi chiwiri chimakulolani kuyendetsa galimoto molimba mtima muzochitika zosiyanasiyana zamagalimoto. Chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu za zida zowongolera ndikusewera komanso kutayikira kwamafuta. Komabe, ndi njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito, moyo wa makinawa ukhoza kuwonjezedwa. Kukhala eni ake a "zisanu ndi ziwiri" simuyenera kukhala ndi lingaliro la mapangidwe a node, komanso kudziwa za kuwonongeka kotheka komanso momwe mungawathetsere.

Utsogoleri ndime

Bokosi la gear limapangidwa ngati gulu lapadera lomwe lili ndi ma shafts, mayendedwe ndi zinthu zina zomangidwa mkati.

Chipangizo chowongolera cha VAZ2107

Ngakhale kufanana pakati pa zipilala zowongolera za "zisanu ndi ziwiri" ndi "classic" ina, mapangidwe a galimoto yoyamba ndi yamakono. Chimodzi mwa kusiyana kwa gearbox ya VAZ 2107 ndi tsinde lalitali pang'ono la nyongolotsi, lomwe liri chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa cardan m'malo mwa shaft yowongoka. Ndicho chifukwa chake mzati wa galimotoyo ndi wotetezeka. Ngati ngozi ichitika ndikugundana kwamutu, ndiye kuti shaft yamtundu wa cardan imangopinda pamahinji ndipo sichifika kwa dalaivala.

Chiwongolero cha gearbox VAZ 2107 chimasiyana ndi njira yofananira ya "classic" ina.

Zida za nyongolotsi zimayikidwa pa "zisanu ndi ziwiri". Kupatsirana kwamtunduwu kumadziwika ndi mipata ndipo kumavala. Chifukwa chake, chowongolera chowongolera chimayikidwa m'nyumba yamakina, yomwe imakulolani kuti musinthe kusiyana komwe zinthu zamkati zimapangidwira. Pogwiritsa ntchito phula, shaft ya bipod imapanikizidwa, kulepheretsa mawilo kugunda. Zomwe zimapangidwira mu bokosi la gear zili m'malo osamba mafuta, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuvala kwawo. Chipangizo chomwe chikufunsidwacho chimakhazikika kwa membala wakumanzere pogwiritsa ntchito mabawuti atatu. Chiwongolero ndi njira yovuta yomwe ili ndi zinthu zingapo zomangika:

• chiwongolero;
• kufala kwa cardan;
• chochepetsera.

Mapangidwe owongolera: 1 - nyumba zowongolera; 2 - chisindikizo cha shaft; 3 - tsinde lapakati; 4 - shaft pamwamba; 5 - kukonza mbale ya kutsogolo kwa bulaketi; 6 - mkono wokhazikika wa shaft wa chiwongolero; 7 - kumtunda kwa casing yoyang'ana; 8 - manja onyamula; 9 - kubereka; 10 - chiwongolero; 11 - m'munsi mwa casing moyang'anizana; 12 - mfundo zomangira bracket

Chiongolero

Kupyolera mu chiwongolero, minyewa imatumizidwa ku shaft ya gearbox kuti isinthe malo omwe mawilo amawongolera. Choncho, n'zotheka kuchitapo kanthu panthawi yake pazochitika zamagalimoto. Komanso, "zisanu ndi ziwiri" chiwongolero ali awiri masentimita 40, amene amalola kusuntha popanda zovuta. Chiwongolerocho chimakhala ndi chidziwitso chabwino, chomwe chimawonekera makamaka mukagonjetsa mtunda wautali. Galimoto ikamayima, pamakhala zovuta potembenuza chiwongolero, koma poyendetsa, chiwongolerocho chimakhala chofewa ndipo kagwiridwe kake kamakhala bwino.

chingwe chowongolera

Shaft yowongolera imatumiza mphamvu ku bokosi la gear ndipo imakhala ndi ma shaft awiri - apamwamba ndi apakatikati, komanso bulaketi. Ndi chithandizo chakumapeto, dongosolo lonselo limatetezedwa ku thupi la galimoto. Promval imayikidwa pazitsanzo za shaft.

Chiwongolerocho chimakhala ndi bulaketi, chapakati komanso chapamwamba

Gearbox

Cholinga cha chiwongolero ndikusintha kuzungulira kwa chiwongolero kuti chikhale chowongolera cha trapezoid. Reducer imagwira ntchito motere:

1. Dalaivala, pokhala m’kanyumbako, amatembenuza chiwongolero.
2. Kupyolera mu tsinde lapamwamba ndi lapakati, tsinde la nyongolotsi limayamba kuzungulira.
3. Nyongolotsi imagwira ntchito pa chodzigudubuza chokhala ndi mipiringidzo iwiri yomwe ili pa shaft yachiwiri.
4. Bipod shaft imazungulira ndikukoka njira yolumikizirana kudzera mu bipod.
5. Trapezoid imayendetsa ziwongolero zowongolera, kutembenuza mawilo ku ngodya yomwe mukufuna.

Kuwonongeka kwa zida zowongolera "zisanu ndi ziwiri"

Kuti chiwongolero chikhale chopanda mavuto, chikhalidwe chake chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Ngati zizindikiro zilizonse zamavuto zipezeka, zowongolera ziyenera kuchitidwa nthawi yomweyo. Popeza malfunctions akhoza kukhala amtundu wina, tikhala nawo mwatsatanetsatane.

Kutaya kwa mafuta

Maonekedwe a mafuta pamwamba pa gearbox amasonyeza kutayikira kwa nyumba. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha izi:

• kuvala kapena kuwonongeka kwa zisindikizo za milomo ya shaft ya nyongolotsi kapena bipod. Pankhaniyi, padzakhala koyenera kusinthanitsa zinthu zosindikizira za shafts;
  

  Pamene mafuta akutuluka, chifukwa chofala kwambiri ndi chisindikizo cha mafuta owonongeka.
• zomangira zotchingira zida zowongolera ndizotayirira. Muyenera kuyang'ana kulimba kwa zolumikizira zokhotakhota ndikulimbitsa phirilo, ngati kuli kofunikira;
• chisindikizo kuwonongeka. Gasket iyenera kusinthidwa.

Sewero lachiwongolero chachikulu

Ngati chiwongolero chawonjezeka kusewera kwaulere, ndiye kuti mawilo akutsogolo adzachitapo kanthu ndi zomwe chiwongolerocho chikuchedwa. Pankhaniyi, sikuti kuyendetsa galimoto kumangowonjezereka, koma chitetezo chimachepetsedwa. Kusewera mopitirira muyeso kumatha kuchitika chifukwa chazifukwa izi:

• kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa wodzigudubuza ndi nyongolotsi. Kusintha kwa gearbox ndikofunikira.
• zikhomo za mpira pa ndodo zowongolera zamasuka. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mtedza ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kumangitsa;
• kugwira ntchito mu makina a pendulum. Ma pendulum bushings, ndipo mwina makina onse, ayenera kusinthidwa;
  

  Kukula kwa pendulum pa tchire kumabweretsa kuwoneka kwamasewera
• kusewera mopitirira muyeso mu mayendedwe a magudumu a ma gudumu akutsogolo. Ndi kulephera kotereku, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana ndikuyikanso mayendedwe.

Chiwongolero cholimba

Ngati, potembenuza chiwongolero, muyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri kuposa masiku onse, ndiye kuti vutolo lingakhale motere:

• kuvala kapena kusweka kwa mayendedwe a mpira wa gearbox. Pamafunika disassembly wa limagwirira ndi m'malo mbali zolakwika;
• kusowa kwamafuta m'mizere ya crankcase. M`pofunika fufuzani mlingo wa kondomu ndi kubweretsa mwakale. Muyang'anenso ngati pali kudontha, ndipo ngati n'koyenera sinthani zosindikizira;
• kusiyana kolakwika pakati pa chogudubuza ndi nyongolotsi. Mzere uyenera kusinthidwa;
• Mawilo akutsogolo ali pa ngodya yolakwika. Kuti mukonze vutoli, kuyang'ana ndi kukonza ma angles kumafunika;
• nati pa ekisilo ya beacon yalimba kwambiri. M`pofunika kusintha mlingo wa tightening wa mtedza.

Vuto la chiwongolero cholimba limathanso kuwonedwa ndi kutsika kochepa pamawilo akutsogolo.

Amagogoda pachiwongolero

Zizindikiro za maonekedwe a phokoso extraneous akhoza kugwirizana osati ndi gearbox, komanso ndi chiwongolero cha Vaz "zisanu ndi ziwiri" ambiri:

• Mzere wowongoka wotayirira wa cardan. Kukonza zinthu kumafunika kufufuzidwa ndikumangidwa;
• gearbox kapena ma bolts okwera a pendulum amasuka. Zomangamanga ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndikumangidwa;
• kusewera kwakukulu kwa ma wheel bearings. Ma bearings amafunikira kusintha;
  

  Mtedza wa hub umasintha masewero a ma wheel bearings
• kusewera kwambiri m'malo olumikizira ndodo. Ndodo ziyenera kufufuzidwa ngati zikuseweredwa, nsonga ziyenera kusinthidwa, ndipo mwina kulumikizana konse kowongolera;
• mtedza wa pendulum wamasulidwa. Mtedza wa axle uyenera kusinthidwa.
  

  Ngati pali kugogoda pamakina owongolera, pangakhale kofunikira kumangitsa nati ya pendulum

Kuwonongeka kowonjezera kwa gearbox kumaphatikizapo kuluma chiwongolero pozungulira uku ndi uku, mwachitsanzo, chiwongolero chikatembenuka mwamphamvu. Izi zitha kuwonedwa ngati pali zovuta ndi gawo lokha, komanso ndi pendulum. Pazochitika zonsezi, mfundozo ziyenera kuzindikiridwa, kusanjidwa kapena kusinthidwa.

Kukonza koongolera

Chiwongolero chowongolera chimakhala ndi kukangana kosalekeza kwa zinthu zomwe zili mkati, zomwe pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti azivala. Chotsatira chake, ntchito yokonzanso kapena kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa unit kumafunika.

Momwe mungachotsere mzati

Kuchotsa ndi kukonzanso gearbox ndi njira yovuta, koma ikhoza kuchitidwa nokha, ndi chidziwitso chochepa cha kukonza galimoto. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, mufunika mndandanda wa zida zotsatirazi:

• makiyi a 17 (kapu ndi mapeto otseguka);
• mitu yazitsulo 17;
• chingwe cha ratchet;
• phiri;
• nyundo;
• chokoka ndodo chiwongolero;
• kulira.

Timachotsa ndondomekoyi motere:

1. Chotsani waya woipa mu batire.
2. Timamasula phirilo ndikuchotsa chiwongolero.
   

   Timamasula mtedzawo ndi wrench ndi mutu ndikuchotsa gawolo
3. Timamasula zomangira ndikuchotsa casing yokongoletsera.
   

   Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver ya Phillips, masulani kumangirira kwa bokosi lokongoletsera ndikuchotsa
4. Timakoka cholumikizira kuchokera pamoto woyatsira.
5. Tsegulani zinthu zomangirira, chotsani loko.
   

   Timamasula kutseka kwa loko yoyatsira, ndikuchotsa chipangizocho
6. Timachotsa masinthidwe owongolera kuchokera ku shaft.
7. Timamasula chomangira cha shaft bracket ndikuchichotsa m'galimoto.
   

   Bokosi la shaft limakhazikika m'thupi ndi ma bolts, kuwamasula
8. Timamasula zikhomo za mpira wa ndodo, kumasula zomangira ndikufinya zikhomo ndi chokoka.
   

   Mukamasula mtedza, chokani ndodo zowongolera kuchokera pa giya lowongolera.
9. Pogwiritsa ntchito kondomu yokhala ndi mutu, timamasula kumangirira kwa gawolo ku thupi, kukonza ma bolts mbali inayo kuti asapukutu ndi kiyi.
   

   Ndi knob kapena wrench, masulani phiri la gearbox ku thupi
10. Timachotsa chipangizocho.
    

    Chotsani phirilo, chotsani gearbox m'galimoto

Video: momwe mungasinthire zida zowongolera pa "classic"

M'malo chiwongolero ndime VAZ 2106

Momwe mungatsegule ndime

Mukhoza kuyamba disassembling gearbox yomweyo pambuyo kuchotsa m'galimoto.

Tsatanetsatane wa crankcase ya makina owongolera: 1 - crankcase; 2 - chimfine; 3 - chivundikiro chochepa cha crankcase; 4 - masamba; 5 - mphete yakunja ya mphutsi yonyamula; 6 - olekanitsa ndi mipira; 7 - bipod shaft; 8 - kukonza screw; 9 - kukonza mbale;

Kuti tichite izi, tifunika mndandanda wa zida:

• makonda ofanana;
• mutu 30;
• chidendene;
• chokoka bipod;
• wachiwiri.

Kuti mutsegule chiwongolero, tsatirani izi:

1. Timamasula mtedza wa bipod ndi wrench ndi mutu.
   

   Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench kapena wrench yokhala ndi mutu, masulani mtedza wa bipod
2. Timakonza bokosi la gear mu vice ndikukakamiza kukankhira ndi chokoka.
   

   Atamasula natiyo, wokokayo amakanikizira kukankha kwake
3. Timamasula pulagi yodzaza mafuta, locknut, kuchotsa chinthu chotseka ndikuchotsa mafuta m'nyumba.
4. Timamasula kumangirira kwa chivundikiro chapamwamba cha chipilalacho.
   

   Kuti muchotse chivundikiro chapamwamba, masulani mabawu 4
5. Timachotsa zomangira zosinthira kuti zigwirizane ndi shaft yotulutsa ndikuchotsa chivundikirocho.
   

   Kuti muchotse chivundikirocho, muyenera kuchotsa shaft ya bipod pa screw screw
6. Timachotsa shaft yachiwiri kuchokera m'nyumba.
   

   Kuchokera m'nyumba ya gearbox timachotsa shaft ya bipod ndi roller
7. Crankcase yomwe ili kumbali ya shaft ya nyongolotsi imatsekedwanso ndi chivundikiro. Timamasula phirilo ndikuchotsa pamodzi ndi zisindikizo zachitsulo.
   

   Kuti muchotse chivundikiro cha shaft ya nyongolotsi, masulani zomangira zofananira ndikuchotsa gawolo limodzi ndi ma gaskets.
8. Timagwiritsira ntchito kuphulika kopepuka ndi nyundo pa shaft ya nyongolotsi kuti tichotse gawolo ku crankcase pamodzi ndi kubereka.
   

   Mtsinje wa nyongolotsi umakanikizidwa ndi nyundo, kenako gawolo limachotsedwa mnyumbamo pamodzi ndi kunyamula.
9. Timalumikiza ndi screwdriver ndikutulutsa gland ya nyongolotsi.
   

   Chisindikizo cha gearbox chimachotsedwa ndikuchipukuta ndi screwdriver.
10. Momwemonso, timachotsa chisindikizo cha milomo kuchokera ku shaft yotuluka.
11. Ndi nsonga yoyenera, timagogoda kunja kwa chigawo chachiwiri.
    

    Kuti muchotse mtundu wakunja wa kubera, mudzafunika chida choyenera.

Kanema: kukonza zowongolera za Zhiguli zachikale

Kuchotsa msonkhano wa zida zowongolera za VAZ.

Gearbox diagnostics

Pamene msonkhano ndi disassembled, m`pofunika zowoneka kuwunika mkhalidwe wa zinthu zonse kuwonongeka. Kuti achite izi, mbalizo zimatsukidwa ndikutsukidwa ndi mafuta a palafini, petulo kapena dizilo, pambuyo pake amayendera aliyense wa iwo, kuyesera kuti azindikire cholakwika (kukomoka, kuvala zizindikiro, etc.). The pamwamba pa wodzigudubuza ndi nyongolotsi nthawi zonse kucheza wina ndi mzake, choncho ayenera kupatsidwa chisamaliro chapadera. Miyendo yamakina iyenera kuzungulira popanda kusokoneza. Kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa mphete zakunja za mayendedwe kumaonedwa kuti sikuvomerezeka. Nyumba ya gearbox iyeneranso kukhala yogwira ntchito bwino, popanda ming'alu. Zigawo zonse zosonyeza kuvala ziyenera kusinthidwa.

Column Assembly

Tisanayambe kusonkhanitsa chipangizocho, timayika mafuta otumizira mbali zonse zomwe zimayikidwa mkati mwa msonkhano. Zisindikizo za milomo ziyenera kusinthidwa panthawi yokonza ndi gearbox. Ndondomeko yosonkhanitsa node ndi iyi:

1. Timamenya mandrel ndi nyundo ndikuyendetsa mpikisano wamkati wa bear mu nyumba.
2. Timayika zinthu zake zamkati mu khola lonyamula ndikuyika shaft ya nyongolotsi. Timayikapo mbali za kubereka kwakunja, kusindikiza mu mphete yakunja ndikumanga chivundikirocho ndi ma gaskets.
   

   Pambuyo poyika shaft ya nyongolotsi ndi kubereka kwakunja, mtundu wakunja umakanikizidwa
3. Timayika makapu a Litol-24 pamalo ogwirira ntchito ndikuwayika m'thupi.
   

   Timasindikiza zisindikizo zatsopano zamafuta ndi chida choyenera
4. Timayika shaft ya nyongolotsi mu crankcase ya column. Timasankha ma gaskets kuti tiyike nthawi yotembenuza shaft 2-5 kgf * cm.
5. Timayika shaft yachiwiri m'nyumba ndikuyika kusiyana pakuchitapo kanthu panthawi yotembenuza shaft. Mtengowo uyenera kukhala mkati mwa 7-9 kgf * masentimita pamene tsinde la nyongolotsi limazungulira, kenako liyenera kutsika mpaka 5 kgf * masentimita likazungulira mpaka liyima.
6. Pomaliza timasonkhanitsa chipangizocho ndikudzaza mafuta.
7. Timagwirizanitsa zizindikiro pa shaft mphutsi ndi crankcase, kenako timayika bipod pakati ndikuyika msonkhano pagalimoto.
   

   Pambuyo kusonkhanitsa gearbox, timaphatikiza zizindikiro pa shaft nyongolotsi ndi crankcase

Pakukhazikitsa makina omwe ali m'malo asanafike kumangirira komaliza kwa zomangira, tikulimbikitsidwa kutembenuza chiwongolero kumanzere ndi kumanja kangapo kuti crankcase isinthe.

Mafuta a gearbox

Mafuta mu chiwongolero cha "zisanu ndi ziwiri" amasinthidwa, ngakhale kawirikawiri, koma ndi bwino kuchita njirayi pa makilomita 60 zikwi zonse. thamanga. Makina omwe akufunsidwa amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a GL-4, GL-5. Wopanga amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta amagulu otsatirawa a viscosity:

• SAE75W90;
• SAE80W90;
• Chithunzi cha SAE85W90.

Kuti mafuta chiwongolero zida ntchito mafuta ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe 75W90 kuti 85W90.

Kuti m'malo, muyenera malita 0,215 okha a zinthu. Kuyang'ana mulingo ndikusintha lubricant kumachitika motere:

1. Chotsani pulagi yodzaza mafuta.
   

   Pulagi yodzaza ndi yotsegulidwa ndi kiyi ya 8
2. Onani kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu crankcase ndi screwdriver. Zisakhale zotsika kuposa gawo la dzenje lopangidwa ndi ulusi.
   

   Screwdriver kapena chida china ndi choyenera kuyang'ana mulingo wamafuta mu gearbox
3. Ngati mulingowo sukugwirizana ndi chizolowezi, timabweretsa voliyumu yake pamlingo womwe tikufuna podzaza ndi syringe yachipatala.
   

   Ngati mulingo uli pansipa wabwinobwino, timakoka mafuta atsopano mu syringe ndikutsanulira mu gearbox
4. Ngati mafuta mu chipangizocho akufunika kusinthidwa, mpopeni kuchokera mu makinawo ndi syringe yokhala ndi chubu chosinthika. Kenako timapopera mafuta atsopano ndi syringe ina.
5. Timapotoza cork ndikupukuta pamwamba pa ndime ndi chiguduli.

Kanema: momwe mungasinthire mafuta pamzere wowongolera

Kusintha mafuta mu chiwongolero zida VAZ 2106

Kusintha zida chiwongolero Vaz 2107

N'zotheka kudziwa kuti mfundo yomwe ikufunsidwa ikuyenera kusinthidwa ndi kupatuka kwa makina kuchokera kumalo omwe amayenera kuyenda pamene akugunda maenje, ma hillocks ndi zopinga zina.

Kuti musinthe chiwongolero, muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi chinthu chiti chomwe chimayambitsa chiyani.

Kuti mugwire ntchito yosintha, mudzafunika screwdriver yathyathyathya ndi kiyi ya 19. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika motere:

1. Timayika galimoto pamalo ophwanyika ndikugwirizanitsa mawilo, kuwaika pamalo omwe amafanana ndi kayendedwe ka rectilinear.
2. Timatsuka chivundikiro cha makinawo kuti asaipitsidwe.
3. Chotsani kapu yoteteza ku screw screw.
   

   Musanayambe kusintha gearbox, chotsani pulagi ya pulasitiki
4. Tsegulani pang'ono nati yomwe imakonza wononga.
   

   Pofuna kupewa wononga zosintha kuti zisatuluke zokha, mtedza wapadera umagwiritsidwa ntchito.
5. Pang'onopang'ono limbitsani wononga ndi screwdriver, kuchepetsa kusewera kwa zida zowongolera.
   

   Kusiyanaku kumasinthidwa ndikutembenuza screwdriver ndi screwdriver.
6. Mangitsani natiyo mutagwira screw yosinthira kuti isatembenuke.
7. Kumapeto kwa ndondomekoyi, timayang'ana momwe chiwongolero chimasinthira mosavuta. Ndi kuzungulira kolimba kwa chiwongolero kapena kumverera kwamasewera, bwerezani kusinthako.

Video: momwe mungachepetsere kusewera mu zida zowongolera "zachikale"

Momwe mungasinthire chiwongolero cha VAZ.

Chiwongolero cha VAZ "zisanu ndi ziwiri" ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri, popanda zomwe sizingatheke kulamulira mawilo akutsogolo ndi galimoto yonse. Ngakhale kuti makinawo ndi opanda ungwiro komanso mavuto osiyanasiyana omwe amadza nawo, ndi mphamvu ya mwiniwake wa chitsanzo ichi kuti akonze kapena kusintha makinawo. Izi sizifuna zida zapadera ndi luso. Ndikokwanira kukonzekera garaja yokhazikika ya ma wrenches, nyundo yokhala ndi screwdriver ndi pliers, ndikutsatira ndondomekoyi.