N'chifukwa chiyani ndi mmene kusintha gudumu mayikidwe pa Vaz 2106

Kukonza galimoto yodzipangira nokha si njira yokhayo yopulumutsira ndalama, komanso kuchita bwino, chifukwa si mbuye aliyense amene amayandikira ntchito yake moyenera. N'zotheka kuti eni galimotoyo asinthe magudumu pa Vaz 2106, makamaka ngati galimotoyo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito patali kwambiri ndi mzinda ndipo palibe mwayi wopita ku galimoto.

Kusintha kwapa Camber pa VAZ 2106

Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kwa VAZ 2106 kuli ndi magawo awiri ofunikira - chala ndi camber, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kuyendetsa galimoto. Pakachitika ntchito yokonza kwambiri kapena kusinthidwa kwa kuyimitsidwa, ma angles a wheel alignment angles (UUK) ayenera kusinthidwa. Kuphwanya malamulo kumabweretsa mavuto okhazikika komanso kuvala kwambiri pamatayala akutsogolo.

Chifukwa chiyani mukufunika kusintha

Kuyang'ana kwa magudumu pamagalimoto opangidwa m'nyumba kumalimbikitsidwa kuti awonedwe ndikusintha ma kilomita 10-15 aliwonse. thamanga. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ngakhale kuyimitsidwa serviceable kwa mtunda wotere pa misewu ndi khalidwe loipa Kuphunzira, magawo akhoza kusintha kwambiri, ndipo izo zimakhudza akuchitira. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe UUKs amasokera ndi pamene gudumu likugunda dzenje pa liwiro. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuwunika kosakonzekera kungafunike. Kuphatikiza apo, ndondomekoyi ndiyofunikira muzochitika izi:

• ngati nsonga zowongolera, levers kapena midadada chete zasintha;
• pakachitika kusintha kwa chilolezo chovomerezeka;
• poyendetsa galimoto kumbali;
• ngati matayala atha kwambiri;
• pomwe chiwongolero sichimabwerera chikatha pambuyo pangodya.

Pambuyo pokonzanso makina oyendetsa makinawo, pamene mikono yoyimitsidwa, nsonga zowongoleredwa kapena zitsulo zopanda phokoso zasintha, m'pofunika kusintha kayendedwe ka gudumu.

Kodi camber ndi chiyani

Camber ndi ngodya ya kupendekera kwa mawilo pokhudzana ndi msewu. Parameter ikhoza kukhala yoipa kapena yabwino. Ngati mbali ya kumtunda kwa gudumu ikukwera chapakati pa galimotoyo, ndiye kuti ngodyayo imatenga mtengo woipa, ndipo ikagwera panja, imatenga mtengo wabwino. Ngati chizindikirocho chikusiyana kwambiri ndi fakitale, matayala amatha msanga.

Kuwola kungakhale kwabwino komanso koipa

Kodi convergence ndi chiyani

Toe-in imatanthawuza kusiyana kwa mtunda pakati pa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mawilo akutsogolo. Gawoli limayesedwa mu millimeters kapena madigiri / mphindi, litha kukhala labwino kapena loyipa. Ndi mtengo wabwino, mbali za kutsogolo za mawilo zimakhala pafupi ndi wina ndi mzake kuposa zam'mbuyo, ndipo ndi mtengo woipa, mosiyana. Ngati mawilo akufanana wina ndi mzake, kuphatikizikako kumatengedwa kuti zero.

Chala chala chala ndi kusiyana pakati pa mfundo za kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mawilo akutsogolo.

Kanema: nthawi yoyenera kukonza mawilo

Nthawi yoti muyanjanitse komanso musamachite.

Kodi caster ndi chiyani

Caster (castor) nthawi zambiri amatchedwa ngodya yomwe gudumu limapendekera. Kusintha koyenera kwa parameter kumatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa mawilo pamene makina akuyenda molunjika.

Caster ndiye mbali ya kupendekera kwa axis ya kuzungulira kwa gudumu

Table: kutsogolo gudumu mayikidwe ngodya pa chitsanzo chachisanu ndi chimodzi Zhiguli

Zosintha parameter	Ngongole (mitengo yagalimoto yopanda katundu)
ngodya ya caster	4°+30′ (3°+30′)
ngodya ya camber	0°30’+20′ (0°5’+20′)
gudumu mayikidwe angle	2-4 (3–5) mm

Kodi kuyika magudumu molakwika kumawonekera bwanji?

Palibe zizindikiro zambiri zomwe zimasonyeza kusokonezeka kwa ma gudumu ndipo, monga lamulo, zimatsikira ku kusowa kwa kukhazikika kwa galimoto, malo olakwika a gudumu, kapena kuvala mphira wambiri.

Kusakhazikika kwa msewu

Ngati galimotoyo imakhala yosakhazikika poyendetsa molunjika (imakokera kumbali kapena "kuyandama" pamene gudumu likugunda pothole), tcheru chiyenera kuperekedwa ku mfundo izi:

1. Yang'anani ngati matayala akutsogolo ali ndi vuto lililonse pa slip ngakhale matayala atsopano aikidwa. Kuti muchite izi, sinthani mawilo a axle yakutsogolo m'malo. Galimotoyo ikapatukira mbali ina, ndiye kuti nkhaniyo ili m’matayala. Vuto mu nkhaniyi ndi chifukwa cha khalidwe la kupanga mphira.
2. Kodi mtengo wa nkhwangwa yakumbuyo ya VAZ "six" yawonongeka?
   

   Ngati mtengo wakumbuyo wawonongeka, khalidwe la galimoto pamsewu lingakhale losakhazikika
3. Pali zolakwika zobisika mu galimotoyo zomwe sizinawululidwe panthawi yoyendera.
4. Ngati kusakhazikika kupitilira pambuyo pakusintha ntchito, ndiye kuti chifukwa chake chikhoza kukhala chosasinthika, chomwe chimafuna kubwereza ndondomekoyi.

Chiwongolero chosagwirizana poyendetsa molunjika

Chiwongolero chikhoza kukhala chosiyana pazifukwa zingapo:

1. Pali sewero lalikulu pamakina owongolera, omwe amatha chifukwa cha zovuta ndi zida zowongolera, komanso kulumikizana ndi chiwongolero, pendulum kapena zinthu zina.
   

   Chiwongolero poyendetsa mowongoka chikhoza kukhala chosagwirizana chifukwa cha kusewera kwakukulu muzitsulo zowongolera, zomwe zimafuna kusintha kapena kusinthidwa kwa msonkhano.
2. Mbali yakumbuyo imatembenuzika pang'ono pokhudzana ndi chitsulo chakutsogolo.
3. Kuthamanga kwa magudumu a ma axles akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kumakhala kosiyana ndi makhalidwe a fakitale.
   

   Ngati kuthamanga kwa tayala sikuli kolondola, chiwongolerocho sichingakhale chofanana pamene mukuyendetsa molunjika.
4. Nthawi zina kusintha kolowera kwa chiwongolero kumatha kutengera kukonzanso mawilo.

Ngati chiwongolero chikupendekeka ndipo galimoto nthawi imodzi imakokera kumbali, ndiye kuti choyamba muyenera kudziwa ndikuchotsa vuto la kusakhazikika, ndiyeno kulimbana ndi malo olakwika a chiwongolero.

Kuwonjezeka kwa matayala

Mayendedwe a matayala amatha kutha msanga ngati mawilo asokonekera kapena ngati ngodya za camber ndi zala zala zala zala zitasinthidwa molakwika. Choncho, choyamba, muyenera kufufuza ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, kuchita kusanja. Ponena za UUK, ndiye, chifukwa matayala atha, nthawi zina ndizotheka kudziwa kuti ndi zotani zoyimitsidwa zomwe ziyenera kusinthidwa. Ngati mbali ya camber imayikidwa molakwika pa Vaz 2106, ndiye kuti tayalalo lidzakhala ndi kuvala kwambiri kunja kapena mkati. Ndi camber yabwino kwambiri, mbali yakunja ya mphira imatha kutha. Ndi camber zoipa - zamkati. Ndi zoikamo zala zala zolakwika, tayalalo limafufutidwa mosagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma burrs (herringbones), omwe amamveka mosavuta ndi manja. Ngati muthamangitsa dzanja lanu pamtunda kuchokera kunja kwa tayala kupita mkati, ndipo ma burrs amamveka, ndiye kuti mbali ya chala sichikwanira, ndipo ngati kuchokera mkati kupita kunja, ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Ndizotheka kudziwa molondola ngati zikhulupiriro za UUK zasokera kapena osati panthawi yozindikira.

Povala matayala, mutha kudziwa kuti ndi magawo ati oyimitsa omwe akuyenera kusinthidwa.

Kusintha kwa ma gudumu pa station station

Ngati mukukayikira kuti "zisanu ndi chimodzi" zanu zili ndi vuto la kusanja magudumu, ndiye kuti muyenera kupita kumalo osungirako magalimoto kuti muzindikire kuyimitsidwa ndi magudumu. Zikapezeka kuti zinthu zina zoyimitsidwa sizikuyenda bwino, ziyenera kusinthidwa kenako ndikusinthidwa. Njirayi imatha kuchitidwa pazida zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, choyimira chamagetsi kapena kompyuta. Chofunika kwambiri sizinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma chidziwitso ndi njira ya mbuyeyo. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale pazida zamakono kwambiri, mawonekedwewo sangapereke zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. M'mautumiki osiyanasiyana, ukadaulo wotsimikizira wa CCC ukhoza kusiyana. Choyamba, mbuye amayang'ana kuthamanga kwa mawilo, amawapopera malinga ndi matayala omwe adayikidwa, amalowetsa pakompyuta, ndiyeno amapita ku ntchito yokonza. Ponena za mwiniwake wagalimoto, sayenera kudera nkhawa kwambiri zida zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzanso, koma ndikuti pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi galimotoyo imachita bwino pamsewu, siyichotsa kapena kuyitaya paliponse, sadya "rabala".

Kanema: Kuyika kwa ma gudumu mumayendedwe othandizira

Kuwongolera magudumu pa siteshoni ya AvtoRay LADA

Self-kusintha gudumu mayikidwe pa VAZ 2106

"Zhiguli" wa chitsanzo chachisanu ndi chimodzi pa ntchito yokonza sizimayambitsa mavuto. Choncho, kuyendera galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto nthawi zonse kukayikira kuti CCC yaphwanyidwa kungakhale ntchito yodula. Pachifukwa ichi, eni ake ambiri a galimotoyo amayang'ana ndikusintha ma gudumu okha.

Ntchito yokonzekera

Kuti agwire ntchito yokonzanso, galimotoyo iyenera kuyendetsedwa pamalo athyathyathya opingasa. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti kukhazikitsa mawilo mozungulira, zomangira zimayikidwa pansi pawo. Musanazindikire, fufuzani:

• kuthamanga kwa tayala;
• ntchito ya dampers;
• kusewera kowongolera;
• chilolezo mu mayendedwe magudumu ndi kutsogolo kuyimitsidwa mfundo.

Ngati mavuto oyimitsidwa amapezeka pokonzekera, timawakonza. Makinawa ayenera kukhala ndi mawilo ndi matayala ofanana kukula kwake. Pa Vaz 2106, muyenera kuyika kuthamanga kwa tayala molingana ndi mfundo zotsatirazi: 1,6 kgf / cm² kutsogolo ndi 1,9 kgf / cm² kumbuyo, zomwe zimadaliranso mphira woikidwa.

Musanayambe kusintha ma gudumu ang'ono, m'pofunika kuyang'ana ndi kufufuma mawilo

Table: kuthamanga mu mawilo "six" malinga ndi kukula kwa matayala

Kukula kwa matayala	Kuthamanga kwa matayala MPa (kgf/cm²)
	mawilo akutsogolo	mawilo akumbuyo
165 / 80R13	1.6	1.9
175 / 70R13	1.7	2.0
165 / 70R13	1.8	2.1

Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana ndikuyika ma angles pokweza galimoto: pakati pa chipinda chonyamula katundu, muyenera kuyika katundu wa 40 kg, ndipo pa mipando inayi, 70 kg. Chiwongolerocho chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamalo apakati, omwe amafanana ndi kayendedwe ka makina.

Kusintha kwa Castor

Castor imayendetsedwa motere:

1. Timapanga chipangizo kuchokera ku chitsulo cha 3 mm wandiweyani, molingana ndi chithunzi pamwambapa. Tidzagwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho ndi chingwe chowongolera.
   

   Kuti musinthe castor, muyenera kupanga template yapadera
2. Kusintha kumachitika pochepetsa kapena kuwonjezera ma shims pa zomangira za m'munsi mkono gwero. Mwa kusuntha mawaya a 0,5mm kuchokera kutsogolo kupita kumbuyo, mutha kuwonjezera caster ndi 36-40'. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, gudumu camber idzachepa ndi 7-9′, ndipo motero, mosemphanitsa. Kuti tisinthe, timagula ma washer okhala ndi makulidwe a 0,5-0,8 mm. Zinthuzo ziyenera kuikidwa ndi slot pansi.
   

   Chowotcha chosinthira cha makulidwe akutiake chimayikidwa pakati pa mbali ya mkono wakumunsi ndi mtengo
3. Pa chipangizocho, timayika chizindikiro pagawo, malinga ndi momwe, ndikuyika bwino mawilo, mzere wowongolera uyenera kupezeka. Timakulunga mtedza pazitsulo za mpira kuti nkhope zawo zikhale zogwirizana ndi ndege yautali ya makina, pambuyo pake timagwiritsa ntchito ndondomekoyi.
   

   Kuti tiyike castor, timakulunga mtedza pazitsulo za mpira kuti nkhope zawo zikhale zogwirizana ndi ndege yayitali ya makina, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito template.

Mtengo wa castor pakati pa mawilo akutsogolo a VAZ 2106 uyenera kusiyana ndi zosaposa 30′.

Kusintha kwa Camber

Kuti muyese ndi kukhazikitsa camber, muyenera kukonzekera zida zotsatirazi:

• 19 kiyi;
• kusintha ma washers;
• chingwe chowongolera (chingwe chokhala ndi katundu);
• wolamulira.

Timachita ndondomeko motere:

1. Timagwedeza kangapo kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa galimoto ndi bumper.
2. Timapachika chingwe chowongolera, ndikuchikonza pamwamba pa gudumu kapena pamapiko.
3. Ndi wolamulira, timadziwa mtunda pakati pa lace ndi diski pamwamba (a) ndi pansi (b) mbali.
   

   Camber cheke: 1 - membala wamtanda; 2 - kusintha ma washers; 3 - mkono wapansi; 4 - pansi; 5 - matayala; 6 - mkono wapamwamba; a ndi b ndiwo mitunda yochokera ku ulusi kukafika m’mphepete mwa mkombero wake
4. Ngati kusiyana pakati pa zikhalidwe (b-a) ndi 1-5 mm, ndiye kuti ngodya ya camber ili mkati mwa malire ovomerezeka. Ngati mtengowo ndi wosakwana 1 mm, camber ndi yosakwanira ndikuwonjezera, ma washer angapo ayenera kuchotsedwa pakati pa olamulira a m'munsi mkono ndi mtengo, ndikuchotsa zomangira pang'ono.
   

   Kuti mumasule ekseli yamkono yakumunsi, muyenera kumasula mtedza uwiri pofika 19
5. Ndi ngodya yayikulu ya camber (b-a kuposa 5 mm), timawonjezera makulidwe a zinthu zosintha. Makulidwe awo onse ayenera kukhala ofanana, mwachitsanzo, 2,5 mm kumanzere kwa stud ndi 2,5 mm kumanja.
   

   Kusintha camber, chotsani kapena kuwonjezera shims (chiwombankhanga chimachotsedwa kuti chimveke)

Kusintha zala

Kulumikizana kumakhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida ndi zida zotsatirazi:

• wolamulira;
• ulusi
• waya;
• makiyi a 13;
• nkhupakupa.

Timapanga zingwe kuchokera ku waya ndikumanga ulusi kwa iwo. Njira yotsalayo imakhala ndi izi:

1. Timangiriza ulusi m'njira yoti imakhudza mfundo 1 pa gudumu lakutsogolo (timakonza lace kutsogolo ndi mbedza yopondapo), ndipo wothandizira adayigwira kumbuyo.
   

   Kutsimikiza kwa kuphatikizika kwa mawilo: 1 - mfundo zothamanga zofanana; 2 - chingwe; 3 - wolamulira; c - mtunda kuchokera pa chingwe kupita kutsogolo kwa khoma lakumbuyo kwa tayala lakumbuyo
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito wolamulira, timadziwa mtunda pakati pa ulusi ndi gudumu lakumbuyo kumbali yake yakutsogolo. Mtengo wa "c" uyenera kukhala 26-32 mm. Ngati "c" ikusiyana ndi mfundo zomwe zatchulidwa mu njira imodzi, ndiye kuti timadziwa kusinthika kumbali ina ya makina mofanana.
3. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mfundo za "c" mbali zonse ndi 52-64 mm, ndipo chiwongolerocho chili ndi ngodya yaing'ono (mpaka 15 °) yokhudzana ndi yopingasa pamene ikuyenda molunjika, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chosinthira. .
4. Pazinthu zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, timasintha, zomwe timamasula zingwe pazitsulo zowongolera ndi makiyi 13.
   

   Malangizo a chiwongolero amakonzedwa ndi zida zapadera, zomwe ziyenera kumasulidwa kuti zisinthe.
5. Timatembenuza clutch ndi pliers, kupanga ndodo kutha kwautali kapena waufupi, kukwaniritsa kuyanjana komwe tikufuna.
   

   Pogwiritsa ntchito pliers, tembenuzani chotchinga, kutalikitsa kapena kufupikitsa nsonga
6. Zofunikira zikakhazikitsidwa, limbitsani zingwe.

Kanema: tsatirani magudumu odzichitira nokha pogwiritsa ntchito VAZ 2121 monga chitsanzo

Kuwongolera magudumu kwa Niva

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kusintha kwa ngodya ya camber nthawi zonse kumakhudza kusintha kwa convergence.

Classic "Zhiguli" sizovuta ponena za kukonza ndi kukonza galimoto. Mukhoza kuyika ma angles a mawilo akutsogolo ndi njira zowonongeka, mutatha kuwerenga malangizo a sitepe ndi sitepe. Kusintha kwanthawi yake kumathandizira kupewa ngozi yomwe ingachitike, kuchotsa matayala asanafike nthawi yake ndikuwonetsetsa kuyendetsa bwino.