Kuwongolera mpweya sikugwira ntchito: momwe mungapewere kutentha kwa dziko m'galimoto yanu

Maulendo a m'chilimwe pagalimoto ndi chigongono chakumanzere chotuluka pawindo ndipo mazenera ena onse otseguka kuti mpweya wokwanira wa kanyumbako ndi zinthu zakale. Madalaivala ambiri masiku ano ali ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya m’magalimoto awo omwe amapangitsa kuyendetsa galimoto pamalo otentha. Komabe, makina owongolera mpweya wamagalimoto ndi zida zovuta komanso zosavutikira mumsewu wovuta. Kodi ndizotheka kukhazikitsa zovuta zomwe zachitika mu air conditioner mwachangu ndipo ndiyenera kuyesa kuzikonza nokha?

Mpweya wozizira m'galimoto sikugwira ntchito - zimayambitsa ndi kuthetsa kwawo

Mpweya wozizira womwe suyatsa kapena kuyatsa, koma osaziziritsa malo okwera, umabweretsa zotsatira zachisoni, ngakhale zifukwa za izi zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Kuwonongeka kofala kwa makina owongolera mpweya wamagalimoto kumachitika ndi:

• kusowa kwa refrigerant;
• kuipitsa mpweya;
• chopinga chachikulu;
• vuto la kompresa;
• kulephera kwa capacitor;
• kuwonongeka kwa evaporator;
• wolandila kulephera;
• kulephera kwa valve thermostatic;
• mavuto a fan;
• kulephera kwa sensor pressure;
• zolephera pakugwira ntchito kwamagetsi.
  

  Umu ndi momwe mpweya woziziritsira mpweya umagwirira ntchito m'galimoto.

Palibe firiji yokwanira

Ngati pali kusowa kwa refrigerant mu mawonekedwe a freon mu dongosolo, izo basi oletsedwa. Pankhaniyi, n'kopanda ntchito kuyesa kuyatsa choziziritsa mpweya pogwiritsa ntchito unit control unit. Palibenso zovuta ndikuyesa kubweza paokha kuperewera kwa freon mudongosolo. Akatswiri amanena kuti ndi luso mwaluso zosatheka kuchita zimenezi mu garaja. Makamaka ngati pali kutayikira kwa refrigerant mu dongosolo, zomwe sizingatheke kuzizindikira nokha. Mayesero a oyendetsa galimoto ena kudzaza dongosolo ndi R134 freon paokha pogwiritsa ntchito sprayer nthawi zambiri amatha ndi nyundo yamadzi yomwe imalepheretsa makina oziziritsa mpweya. Akatswiri pa malo operekera chithandizo amadzaza makina oziziritsa mpweya ndi freon pogwiritsa ntchito kuyika kwapadera ndikulipiritsa ntchitoyo pakati pa ma ruble 700-1200.

Akatswiri samalimbikitsa kudzaza nyengo ndi freon paokha, ngakhale oyendetsa galimoto ena amachita izi mosiyanasiyana.

Kuipitsa mpweya

Vutoli ndilomwe limayambitsa kulephera kwa makina a auto-coding. Kuchuluka kwa dothi ndi chinyezi kumayambitsa dzimbiri pamapaipi amizere ndi condenser, zomwe pamapeto pake zimatsogolera ku depressurization ya dera lozizirira. Monga njira yodzitetezera pazochitikazi, muyenera kutsuka galimoto yanu nthawi zambiri ndi kutsuka galimoto, kapena musaiwale za chipinda cha injini potsuka galimoto yanu. Zizindikiro zakuipitsidwa kwambiri ndi ma air conditioner ndi awa:

• kulephera kwa dongosolo kuyatsa;
• kuzimitsidwa modzidzimutsa pamene simukugwira ntchito mumsewu wamsewu;
• shutdown pamene mukuyendetsa pa liwiro lotsika.

Chodabwitsa ichi chikufotokozedwa ndi kutenthedwa kwa chipangizocho, chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa dera komanso kutsekedwa kwadongosolo. Akamayendetsa mothamanga kwambiri, kuwomba kwamphamvu kwa zigawo za air conditioning system kumapangitsa kuti zizizire ndipo choyatsira mpweya chimayatsanso. Izi ndizizindikiro zomveka bwino zotsuka galimoto.

M'chigawo chino, mpweya woziziritsa mpweya ndi wokayikitsa kupanga zinthu zabwino mu kanyumba.

Kulepheretsa kuzungulira

Mkhalidwe uwu ndi kupitiriza kwa pamwamba ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zofala kwambiri za kulephera kwa mpweya wabwino. Dothi likuwunjikana panthawi yoyendetsa galimoto m'mphepete mwa msewu waukulu komanso m'madera omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kupanikizana kwa magalimoto komwe kumalepheretsa kuyenda kwa refrigerant ndikutembenuza mpweya wozizira kukhala chipangizo chopanda ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito ya kompresa imakhala pachiwopsezo, yomwe imayamba kukumana ndi kusowa kwamafuta omwe amaperekedwa ndi freon. Ndipo kuchokera pano sikuli kutali ndi kupanikizana kwa kompresa - kuwonongeka kwamtengo wapatali. Kuti muchepetse kutsekeka kwa dera, muyenera kusokoneza gawo la air conditioner ndikutsuka mzerewo mopanikizika.

Vuto lina lomwe lingathe kuchitika pakugwira ntchito kwa dera nthawi zambiri ndi depressurization yake. Nthawi zambiri, kumabweretsa mapindikidwe a zisindikizo ndi gaskets mchikakamizo cha nyengo ndi kunja zinthu. Zomwezo zikhoza kuchitika ndi ma hoses akuluakulu. Kuti athetse vutoli, m'pofunika kusintha mbali za dera lalikulu zomwe zakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimalangizidwa kuchita mu siteshoni ya utumiki. Ndipo ngati njira yodzitetezera, muyenera kuyatsa chowongolera mpweya osachepera kawiri pamwezi m'nyengo yozizira ndikulola kuti igwire ntchito kwa mphindi 2. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti m'nyengo yozizira mpweya wozizira ukhoza kutsegulidwa kokha pamene kanyumba kamakhala kotentha.

Kuwonongeka kwa compressor

Mwamwayi, vutoli silichitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa yankho lake, monga tanenera kale, ndilokwera mtengo. Ndipo zimatsogolera ku kuvala kwa unit kuchokera ku ntchito yayitali, kapena kusowa kwamafuta. Chomaliza ndicho chachikulu ndipo ndi zotsatira za zifukwa zomwe tafotokozazi. Kuphatikiza apo, kompresa yokhazikika imatha kupangitsa kuti mpweya wozizira uziyenda kwa nthawi yayitali osayatsa. Nthawi zambiri, compressor yopanikizana imafunikira m'malo mwake, zomwe zitha kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri.

Ndikosavuta kwambiri kuthetsa vuto lomwe limakhudzana ndi kulephera kwa kompresa kugwira ntchito chifukwa cha lamba wagalimoto. Ngati yafooka kapena kung'ambika kwathunthu, ndiye kuti iyenera kumangidwa kapena kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano. Ntchito zonsezi zili mkati mwa mphamvu ya woyendetsa galimoto aliyense. Monga njira yodzitetezera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana lamba wagalimoto nthawi zonse. Ngakhale itakhala yolimba, kuwonongeka kwapang'ono kuyenera kukhala chizindikiro chakusintha kwake.

Izi ndi zomwe chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa air conditioning system chikuwoneka

Kulephera kwa capacitor

Condenser ya air conditioning system, yomwe ili kutsogolo kwa radiator ya galimoto, imayang'aniridwa ndi mpweya womwe ukubwera panthawi yoyenda, yomwe imanyamula chinyezi, dothi, fumbi, zinyalala, ndi tizilombo. Zonsezi zimatseka ma cell a condenser ndipo zimachepetsa kwambiri kusinthana kwa kutentha, chifukwa chake chipangizocho chimatentha kwambiri. Izi zimakhudza nthawi yomweyo pamene galimoto ili mumsewu kapena pamene mukuyendetsa mofulumira, monga tafotokozera kale.

Mbali imeneyi ya nyengo ya galimotoyi imayima kutsogolo kwa radiator ndipo imatenga zinyalala zonse zomwe zimadza ndi mpweya.

Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, womberani condenser ndi mpweya woponderezedwa kapena tsitsani ndi madzi othamanga kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa grille ya radiator pagalimoto, kumasula mabawuti okwera pa condenser ndikupeza mwayi wobwerera kumbuyo. Chochotsera tizilombo chogwiritsidwa ntchito chingathe kuyeretsa bwino condenser mkati mwa theka la ola, ndipo mafuta amatha kuchotsamo mafuta ndi zowononga zina.

Ngati zisa zopunduka zimapezeka pa radiator ya condenser, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuziwongola ndi zinthu zamatabwa monga chotokosera mano.

Kulephera kwa evaporator

Nthawi zambiri, kuyatsa choziziritsa mpweya kumayendera limodzi ndi maonekedwe a fungo losasangalatsa mnyumbamo. Gwero lawo ndi evaporator, yomwe ili pansi pa dashboard ndikuyimira radiator. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, imatha kutsekedwa ndi fumbi ndikudziunjikira chinyezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino pakubala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa.

Mutha kukonza nokha pogwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera chopopera ndi chotengera cha aerosol. Komabe, ndikofunikira kutembenukira kwa akatswiri omwe ali ndi zida zoyeretsera zamoyo ndi akupanga osati ma evaporator radiator okha, komanso ma ducts onse oyandikana nawo. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri, popeza mpweya wotsekedwa, kuphatikizapo fungo losafunikira, ukhoza kukhala gwero la matenda opatsirana.

Ndi kuchokera ku chipangizo ichi kuti fungo losasangalatsa lingabwere kuchokera mkati mwa galimoto.

Kulephera kowumitsira zosefera

Ngati makina owongolera mpweya wagalimoto amachimwa ndikuzimitsa pafupipafupi, ndipo ma hoses amaphimbidwa ndi chisanu, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa wolandila, komwe kumatchedwanso fyuluta. Ntchito yake ndikuchotsa madzi mu dongosolo ndikusefa firiji. Zosefera zimatulutsa freon kuchokera ku zinyalala zomwe zimachokera ku kompresa.

Sikovuta kufika ku chipangizo ichi, chomwe sitinganene za kudzizindikira tokha kutayikira.

Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha depressurization wolandila, chifukwa chomwe amasiya kugwira ntchito zake, ndi freon yokha, mwachitsanzo, magiredi R12 ndi 134a. Muli ndi fluorine ndi chlorine, refrigerant ikaphatikizidwa ndi madzi, imapanga ma acid omwe amawononga zinthu za air conditioner. Chifukwa chake, opanga ma air conditioner amalimbikitsa kuti ogula asinthe zowumitsira zosefera kamodzi pazaka ziwiri zilizonse.

Kupsinjika kwa wolandila ndi kutayikira kwa freon kuchokera pamenepo kumayendera limodzi ndi kupanga kuyimitsidwa koyera pamwamba pa chipangizocho. Pozindikira izi, m'pofunika nthawi yomweyo kutembenukira kwa akatswiri amene adzadzaza dongosolo ndi mpweya mpweya ndi kuzindikira mwamsanga kutayikira pogwiritsa ntchito ultraviolet kuwala. M'malo a garaja ya amateur, ndizovuta kuchita izi nokha.

Kuwonongeka kwa valve yowonjezera

Izi za air conditioner zapangidwa kuti ziwongolere kutentha kwa kutentha ndikuziphatikiza ndi kupanikizika mu dongosolo, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti firiji ikhale yabwino. Ngati valavu yowonjezera ikulephera, padzakhala zosokoneza pakupereka mpweya wozizira. Nthawi zambiri, kuzizira kwa ma hoses akuluakulu kumawonedwa.

Chifukwa chachikulu cha kulephera kwa gawo ili la air conditioner ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina kapena kusintha kosayenera. Pamapeto pake, ndikofunikira kukonza kusinthako, ndipo kuwonongeka kwamakina kumafunikira m'malo mwa chipangizocho. Palinso zochitika pamene kuipitsidwa kwa dongosolo kumapangitsa kuti valavu yowonjezera ikhale kupanikizana, yomwe imafunikanso m'malo mwake.

Nthawi zambiri, chipangizo cholakwikacho chiyenera kusinthidwa.

Kulephera kwa mafani

Chigawo ichi cha makina owongolera mpweya wamagalimoto sichipezeka m'ma air conditioner onse, ndipo pomwe chilipo, sichimalephera. Komabe, ngati izi zitachitika, zimamveka chifukwa chozizira bwino kwa chipinda chokwera, kapena ngakhale kuzimitsa chipangizocho. Ntchito za fan ndikuwonjezera kuziziritsa freon ndikulimbikitsa kutuluka kwa mpweya wozizira kulowa mnyumbamo. Ngati zimakupiza alephera, refrigerant overheats, kukweza kupsyinjika mu dongosolo, amene basi midadada ntchito yake. The fan akhoza kulephera chifukwa:

• kusweka kwa dera loperekera mphamvu;
• kuwonongeka kwa injini yamagetsi;
• kuvala kuvala;
• kusokonezeka kwa ma sensor amphamvu;
• kuwonongeka kwa makina pamasamba.

Nthawi zambiri, oyendetsa amazindikira mosavuta kulumikizana kosadalirika mumaneti amagetsi ndikuchotsa vutolo. Ponena za zolakwika zamkati za fan, apa nthawi zambiri muyenera kutembenukira kwa akatswiri kapena kusintha gawo lonselo.

Kuwonongeka kwake kumawonekera nthawi yomweyo pakugwira ntchito kwa air conditioner.

Pressure sensor kulephera

Chigawo ichi cha makina oziziritsa mkati mwagalimoto chimapangidwa kuti zizimitse chowongolera mpweya pamene kupanikizika kwadongosolo kumakwera kwambiri, chifukwa kupanikizika pamwamba pa muyezo kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa thupi. Sensor yokakamiza imakhalanso ndi udindo wosinthira nthawi yake kapena kuyimitsa fan. Nthawi zambiri, sensa yamphamvu imalephera chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwambiri, kuwonongeka kwamakina, kapena kusweka kwa zolumikizira. Mothandizidwa ndi diagnostics kompyuta pa siteshoni utumiki, kulephera ntchito chipangizo wapezeka mofulumira kwambiri. M'magalasi, izi ndizovuta, koma mutapanga matenda olondola, sikovuta kuti musinthe sensa yosagwira ntchito nokha. Izi zidzafuna dzenje lowonera ndi wrench yotseguka pa "14". Njira yosinthira gawo ili motere:

1. Ndikofunikira kuzimitsa injini, chifukwa m'malo mwake zimangochitika poyatsira moto.
2. Kenako muyenera kusuntha pang'ono chitetezo cha bampu ya pulasitiki ndikupeza mwayi wofikira ku sensor yomwe ili kumanja.
3. Kuti muchotse, masulani latch pa pulagi ndikudula mawaya olumikizidwa.
4. Tsopano m'pofunika kumasula sensa ndi wrench, popanda kuopa kutaya kwa freon, popeza dongosololi lili ndi valavu yapadera yotetezera.
5. Pambuyo pake, zimangotsala pang'ono kuwononga chipangizo chatsopano pamalowa ndikuchita zomwe zachitika m'mbuyomo.
   

   Tsatanetsatane yaying'ono iyi imapatsidwa mwayi wozimitsa dongosolo lonse la nyengo.

Zifukwa zina zomwe zoziziritsira mpweya sizigwira ntchito

Ngati m'magalimoto ambiri madera ena amavuto mu gawo lamagetsi amapezeka pakapita nthawi, ndiye, malinga ndi akatswiri, kuchuluka kwa ma soldering otsika komanso ofooka olumikizirana ndi zolumikizira zamagetsi zamagawo owongolera mpweya ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, zida zamagetsi zomwe zili m'galimoto ndizomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa chowongolera mpweya. Mwachitsanzo, akakanikiza batani loyatsa makina oziziritsa mpweya, chizindikirocho chimapita kugawo lamagetsi (ECU) lagalimoto. Ngati pali vuto lililonse pamagetsi amagetsi a dongosolo kapena batani lokha, makompyuta sangayankhe chizindikiro kuchokera ku batani la air conditioner, ndipo dongosolo silingagwire ntchito. Choncho, muzochitika zotere komanso ngati njira yodzitetezera, ndi bwino "kuyimbira" dera lamagetsi la air conditioning ndi batani lamphamvu lokha pogwiritsa ntchito multimeter.

Nthawi zambiri, ma electromagnetic clutch a kompresa amalephera. Pamalo operekera chithandizo, nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa kwathunthu. Gawoli ndi lokwera mtengo, koma sikoyenera kulikonza m'zigawo zina komanso paokha, monga momwe zimasonyezera. Choyamba, magawo ake pawokha onse amawononga ndalama zofananira ndi clutch yatsopano, ndipo kachiwiri, kukonza nokha ndizovuta ndipo kumatenga nthawi yambiri komanso mphamvu zamanjenje.

Mbali yodula imeneyi nthawi zambiri imayenera kusinthidwa kwathunthu.

Kudzikonza nokha ndikoyenera?

Chitsanzo chokhala ndi clutch yamagetsi yamagetsi chikuwonetsa kuti kudzikonza nokha kwa zinthu zomwe zidalephera za makina owongolera mpweya sikuli koyenera nthawi zonse. Ngakhale ndi mulingo woyenera wa oyendetsa galimoto, ndizovomerezeka ndipo nthawi zambiri amazichita. Chiŵerengero cha mtengo wazinthu zamtundu wa mpweya wa galimoto (malingana ndi kalasi yake ndi mtundu) ndi mtengo wa kukonza pa siteshoni ya utumiki akhoza kuweruzidwa ndi ziwerengero zotsatirazi:

• Clutch yamagetsi ya kompresa imawononga ma ruble 1500-6000;
• kompresa yokha - 12000-23000 rubles;
• evaporator - 1500-7000 rubles;
• valavu yowonjezera - 2000-3000 rubles;
• mpweya wozizira radiator - 3500-9000 rubles;
• fyuluta yanyumba - 200-800 rubles;
• kudzaza dongosolo ndi freon, kompresa mafuta - 700-1200 rubles.

Mtengo wokonza zimadalira zovuta zake, mtundu wa galimotoyo, mtundu wa air conditioner yake ndi mbiri ya siteshoni ya utumiki. Ngati tipitilira pazizindikiro zapakati, ndiye kuti kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa kompresa, mwachitsanzo, kumawononga pakati pa ma ruble 2000-2500, ndikutsuka makina owongolera mpweya (+ flushing fluid) kumatha kubweretsa ma ruble 10000. M'malo kompresa pulley, zomwe n'zosavuta kuchita nokha, ndalama (kupatula mtengo wa lamba palokha) osachepera 500 rubles. Ngati titenga mtengo wa kukonza zovuta za air conditioner pa galimoto yapamwamba ndi m'malo mwa firiji, mafuta ndi kompresa ngati denga lokhazikika, ndiye kuti ndalamazo zimatha kufika ma ruble 40000.

Momwe mungapewere kulephera kwa ma air conditioner

Air conditioner yogwira ntchito bwino pagalimoto yatsopano imafunikirabe kuyang'aniridwa zaka 2-3 zilizonse. Chofunikira ichi chikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti ngakhale dongosolo losindikizidwa bwino chaka chilichonse limataya mpaka 15% ya freon yomwe imayendayenda mmenemo. Galimoto yomwe yafika zaka 6 ikuyang'aniridwa chaka ndi chaka cha nyengo yake, popeza ma gaskets omwe ali m'magulu amatha kugwira ntchito, ndipo ming'alu yaing'ono imawonekera pamapaipi akuluakulu. Kuphatikiza apo, monga njira yodzitetezera, akatswiri amalangiza:

1. Ikani mauna owonjezera pa bampa kuti muteteze radiator ya air conditioner ku zinyalala ndi miyala yaing'ono. Izi ndizowona makamaka pamagalimoto okhala ndi ma radiator akulu-mauna.
2. Nthawi zonse kuyatsa mpweya wofewetsa ndi nthawi yaitali galimoto, ndipo ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Kugwira ntchito kwa mphindi 10 kwa chipangizocho kangapo pamwezi kumathandizira kupewa kuyanika pazinthu zazikulu.
3. Zimitsani chipangizo cha nyengo posakhalitsa ulendo usanathe ndi chitofu chikuyenda, chomwe chimalola mpweya wofunda kuti uume ma ducts a mpweya, osasiya mwayi woti tizilombo tichuluke mwa iwo.

Kanema: momwe mungayang'anire momwe makina oziziritsira mpweya amagwirira ntchito

Dzichitireni nokha zoyezetsa mpweya

Kulephera kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kake Koma Mulimonsemo, zochita zodzitetezera, zomwe zimawonetsedwa makamaka pakusamalira ukhondo wagalimoto yanu, zimalipira kangapo potengera ndalama zomwe zingatheke kukonza.