Wheelbase ya galimoto ndi khalidwe lofunika kwambiri la galimoto. Tsatanetsatane.

Wheelbase yagalimoto ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zagalimoto. Tengani chitsanzo chilichonse, mwachitsanzo Chevrolet Niva, ndipo mu kufotokoza muwona:

• kutalika - 4048 mm;
• m'lifupi - 1800 mm;
• kutalika - 1680 mm;
• kutalika - 220 mm;
• wheelbase - 2450 mamilimita.

Makhalidwe ofunikira amakhalanso njanji yakutsogolo, njanji yakumbuyo, kulemera, kulemera kwagalimoto yokhala ndi zida zonse.

Tanthauzo lachikale la wheelbase ndi mtunda pakati pa ma axles akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwagalimoto, kapena mtunda wapakati pakati pa mawilo akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo.

Kutengera tanthauzo ili, magalimoto okhala ndi gudumu lalifupi kapena lalitali amatha kusiyanitsa. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ma hatchback a gulu A kapena B ali ndi wheelbase yayifupi, pomwe magalimoto amtundu wa E ali ndi wheelbase yayitali:

• Daewoo Matiz kalasi A - 2340 mm;
• Chevrolet Aveo kalasi B - 2480 mm;
• Toyota Corolla C-kalasi - 2600 mm;
• Skoda Superb D-kalasi - 2803 mm;
• BMW 5-Series E-kalasi - 2888 mm.

Wiribase lalifupi kwambiri mpaka pano lili ndi mipando iwiri ya Smart Fortwo - mamilimita opitilira 1800. Kutalika kwambiri ndi galimoto ya Ford F-350 Super Duty Crew Cab - 4379 millimeters, ndiko kuti, mamita oposa anayi.

Dziwani kuti m'mbiri munali magalimoto ndi wheelbase wamkulu kapena ang'onoang'ono, koma opangidwa mu zedi zochepa, kapena makope limodzi.

Tiyeneranso kunena kuti, malingana ndi mtundu wa kuyimitsidwa, kutalika kwa wheelbase kungakhale kokhazikika komanso kosinthika. Mwachitsanzo, mu 60-70s, trailing mkono kuyimitsidwa anali wotchuka kwambiri, nthawi zambiri anaika pa chitsulo chogwira ntchito kumbuyo ndi mawilo kumbuyo akhoza kusuntha wachibale ndi thupi mu ndege longitudinal, potero kusintha geometry wa wheelbase. Kuyimitsidwa kwamtunduwu kungapezeke pamagalimoto ambiri amalonda, monga Volkswagen Multivan.

Panalinso zitsanzo ndi wheelbase wosafanana m'mbiri ya makampani magalimoto, ndiye mtunda pakati pa malo mawilo kumanja anali wosiyana ndi mtunda kumanzere. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi Renault 16, yomwe inatulutsidwa kuyambira 1965 mpaka 1980. Kusiyana kwa wheelbase kumanzere ndi kumanja kunali mamilimita 64. Poyamba, galimoto imeneyi ankaona ngati maziko a tsogolo Vaz 2101, ngakhale kasamalidwe Volga galimoto Bzalani anasankha Fiat 124, buku lenileni limene Kopeika wathu ano.

Kodi kukula kwa wheelbase kumakhudza bwanji kuyendetsa galimoto?

Pali mbali zabwino zonse zazitali komanso zazifupi.

Wiribase yayitali

Mapangidwe a magalimoto oterowo amakulolani kuti mupange mikhalidwe yabwino kwa apaulendo. Monga tikuonera pamndandanda womwe uli pamwambapa, magalimoto apamwamba amagawidwa ngati bizinesi ndi wamkulu. Okwera mipando yakumbuyo amatha kukhala bwino pamipando yawo osagwira kumbuyo ndi mawondo awo.

Makhalidwe oyendetsa magalimoto oterowo ndi osalala, kusagwirizana kwa msewu sikumveka mwamphamvu. Chifukwa cha kugawanikanso kwakung'ono kwa kulemera, magalimoto oterowo amakhala okhazikika pamtunda, amasonyeza mphamvu zabwinoko panthawi yothamanga. Akamakwera pamakona, amasempha pang'ono.

Ndizoyeneranso kudziwa kuti magalimoto okhala ndi wheelbase wautali, monga lamulo, amayendetsa kutsogolo, chifukwa palibe chifukwa chonyamulira shaft yayitali ya cardan ku nkhwangwa yakumbuyo, yomwe ingayambitse kukula kwa kulemera ndi kuchepa. mu chitonthozo. Kuphatikiza apo, magalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo ndi ovuta kuwasamalira.

Wachifupi wheelbase

Ubwino wa magalimoto otere ndi awa:

• kuyendetsa bwino komanso kuyendetsa bwino mumzinda;
• awonjezera luso lodutsa dziko - njira yolowera ndi njira yolowera ndi yokwera;
• iwo ndi osavuta kutuluka mu skid;
• pa liwiro lalikulu kwambiri khola ndi kutha.

Inde, ngati tiyang'ana pafupifupi SUVs, SAVs, CUVs - ndiko kuti, crossovers m'tauni, SUVs, komanso SUVs a J-kalasi malinga ndi gulu European, tidzaona kuti ali mulingo woyenera chiŵerengero cha wheelbase ndi kutalika kwa thupi lonse. Ndi dongosolo ili lomwe likutanthawuza kukhalapo kwa mitundu yonse yamagalimoto: kutsogolo, kumbuyo, magudumu onse.

Chifukwa cha chilolezo chapamwamba, kusakhalapo kwa kutsogolo kwakukulu ndi kumbuyo, gudumu laling'ono ndi njira yotakata, ma SUV ndi ma crossovers amatha kuyendetsa mosavuta misewu yoipa ya mzindawo (ndipo pali zokwanira m'madera akuluakulu a Russia, ndikokwanira kupatuka mumsewu wa federal), kotero ndikuyatsa msewu.

Si chinsinsi kwa madalaivala odziwa kuti woimira Toyota Camry ndi maziko ake 2800 mm adzakhala pa mimba yake pa phiri losavuta, amene ngakhale Chinese pseudo crossovers Lifan X60 kapena Geely MK Cross kuyenda mosavuta.

Komabe, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kukhalapo kwa wheelbase yaifupi kapena yayitali sikukutanthauza chilichonse, chifukwa mawonekedwe amtundu wina amatengeranso magawo ena ambiri:

• chiŵerengero cha wheelbase ndi utali wonse wa thupi:
• njanji yakutsogolo ndi yakumbuyo;
• chilolezo chapansi.

Mwachitsanzo, magalimoto okhala ndi njanji yotakata amakhala okhazikika pamsewu, kulowa ndikutuluka mokhota movutikira, pomwe chitonthozo cha okwera chimakhala chocheperako. Koma chilichonse chili ndi malire ake - ngati mtunda pakati pa mawilo akumanzere ndi kumanja ukuwonjezeka kufika pamtengo wina, ndiye kuti chitonthozo kapena kukhazikika kumatha kutha - galimotoyo nthawi zambiri imapita ku skid pamene kumanzere kapena kumanja kugunda. malo achisanu kapena ayezi. Ngakhale mutangoyendetsa kumanja kwa msewu panthawi yoyendetsa, ndiye kuti pali mwayi waukulu kwambiri wokhala mu dzenje.

M'malo mwake, mainjiniya amagalimoto adatsimikiza kale kuchuluka kwa liwiro la njanji ndi kutalika kwa ma wheelbase.

Mukatenga galimoto iliyonse, mudzawona kuti ndi 1,6-1,8. Mwachitsanzo, Vaz 2101 - m'munsi 2424 mamilimita ogawanika ndi njanji kutsogolo 1349, timapeza 1,79. Ndichiŵerengero ichi chomwe chimapereka kuwongolera bwino. Ndizosangalatsanso kuti chiŵerengero choterocho chili mkati mwa "Golden Section" - gawo ngati 5/3, 8/5, 13/8 ndi zina zotero - ndipo zonsezi zinapangidwa ndi wina aliyense koma Leonardo da Vinci. M'malo mwake, iye sanapange izo, koma anazipanga izo, popeza mfundo imeneyi inagwiritsidwa ntchito kalekale iye asanakhalepo mu zomangamanga ndi luso.

Chonde dziwani kuti chiŵerengero cha kutalika kwa galimoto ndi wheelbase amayezedwa malita - mwachitsanzo, mu makhalidwe a magalimoto ambiri amalemba izi:

Acura TLX 2015:

• kutalika 4834;
• wheelbase 2776;
• kutalika ndi m'munsi chiŵerengero cha 1,74 malita.

Monga mukuonera, mtengo uwu ukugweranso mu Golden Section ya Leonardo da Vinci. N'zoonekeratu kuti galimoto ndi omasuka ndi otetezeka kuposa makhalidwe onsewa ali pafupi abwino.

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