Mivi yaku China yolimbana ndi zombo
Woyambitsa zida zolimbana ndi sitima zapamadzi DF-21D pa parade ku Beijing.
Pali ubale wosiyana pakati pa chitukuko cha gulu lankhondo lankhondo la People's Liberation Army ndi kusinthika kwa zikhumbo zandale za Beijing - kulimba kwa gulu lankhondo lankhondo, kukulitsa chikhumbo cha China cholamulira madera a m'madzi oyandikana ndi China, komanso kukulitsa zolinga zandale. . , m’pamenenso pamafunika zombo zamphamvu zowathandiza.
Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa People's Republic of China, ntchito yayikulu ya People's Liberation Army Navy (MW CHALW) inali yoteteza gombe lake ku chiwopsezo chomwe chingathe kuchitidwa ndi asitikali aku US, omwe adawonedwa kuti ndiwopambana kwambiri. mdani wowopsa m'mayambiriro a boma la Mao Zedong. Komabe, popeza chuma cha China chinali chofooka, panali kuchepa kwa ogwira ntchito oyenerera onse ankhondo ndi mafakitale, ndipo chiwopsezo chenicheni cha kuukira kwa America chinali chaching'ono, kwa zaka makumi angapo kumbuyo kwa zombo za ku China kunali makamaka mabwato a torpedo ndi missile. , kenako owononga ndi frigates. , ndi sitima zapamadzi wamba, ndi kulondera ndi liwiro. Panali mayunitsi okulirapo ochepa, ndipo kuthekera kwawo kwankhondo sikunapatuke pamiyezo ya kutha kwa Nkhondo Yadziko II kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, masomphenya olimbana ndi Asitikali ankhondo aku US panyanja yotseguka sanaganizidwe ndi okonza zankhondo aku China.
Zosintha zina zidayamba m'ma 90, pomwe China idagula ku Russia zowononga zinayi zamakono za Project 956E / EM ndi zombo zapamadzi zokwana 12 zomwe zakonzeka kale (awiri Project 877EKM, awiri Project 636 ndi Project 636M eyiti). ), komanso zolemba za frigates zamakono ndi owononga. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX ndikukula mwachangu kwapamadzi MW ChALW - gulu la owononga ndi ma frigates, mothandizidwa ndi magulu akumbuyo apanyanja. Kukula kwa zombo zapamadzi kunali pang'onopang'ono. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, China idayambanso njira yotopetsa yopezera chidziwitso pakuyendetsa ndege zonyamulira, zomwe zilipo kale ziwiri zomwe zikugwira ntchito ndipo wina wachitatu akumangidwa. Komabe, kulimbana kwapamadzi komwe kungachitike ndi United States kungatanthauze kugonja kosapeweka, chifukwa chake njira zosavomerezeka zikutsatiridwa kuti zithandizire kuthekera kwa Gulu Lankhondo, zomwe zitha kubweza mwayi wa mdani pa zida zankhondo zam'madzi ndi zochitika zankhondo. Chimodzi mwa izo ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zoponya zoponya polimbana ndi zombo zapamtunda. Amadziwika ndi dzina lachingerezi ASBM (anti-ship ballistic missile).
Kuyikanso roketi ya DF-26 kuchokera pagalimoto yonyamula zonyamula kupita ku choyambitsa.
Ili si lingaliro latsopano, chifukwa dziko loyamba lomwe lidakhala ndi chidwi ndi kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito zida zoponyera zida kuwononga zombo zankhondo linali Soviet Union mu 60s. Panali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zochitira zimenezi. Choyamba, mdani yemwe angakhalepo, United States, anali ndi mwayi waukulu panyanja, makamaka pa sitima zapamadzi, ndipo panalibe chiyembekezo chothetsa izo posachedwa pokulitsa zombo zake. Kachiwiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoponya zophonya kulibe mwayi wodutsa ndipo motero kukulitsa mphamvu yakuukirako. Komabe, vuto lalikulu laukadaulo linali chitsogozo cholondola chokwanira cha mzinga wa ballistic kupita ku chandamale chaching'ono komanso choyenda, chomwe ndi sitima yankhondo. Zosankha zomwe zidapangidwa zidachitika chifukwa cha chiyembekezo chochulukirapo (kuzindikira ndi kutsata zolinga pogwiritsa ntchito ma satelayiti ndi ndege za Tu-95RTs zapansi panthaka), mwa zina - pragmatism (kuwongolera kuwongolera bwino kunayenera kulipidwa ponyamula zida zankhondo ndi zida zanyukiliya zamphamvu zomwe zimatha. kuwononga gulu lonse la zombo). Ntchito yomanga inayamba pa Viktor Makeev's SKB-385 mu 1962 - pulogalamuyo inapanga "universal" ballistic missile kuti iyambe kuchokera ku sitima zapamadzi. Mu mtundu wa R-27, cholinga chake chinali kuwononga zolinga zapansi, komanso mu R-27K / 4K18 - zolinga za m'nyanja. Kuyesa kwapansi kwa mivi yolimbana ndi zombo kunayamba mu Disembala 1970 (pamalo oyeserera a Kapustin Yar, adaphatikizanso zoyambira 20, 16 zomwe zidawoneka bwino), mu 1972-1973. Iwo anapitilizidwa pa sitima yapamadzi, ndipo mu August, December 15, 1975, dongosolo la D-5K lokhala ndi mizinga ya R-27K linayikidwa mu ntchito yoyesera pamodzi ndi polojekiti ya 102 sitima yapamadzi ya K-605. chombo cha conning tower, chombo chodziwika bwino cha polojekiti 629. Inakhala ikugwira ntchito mpaka July 1981. 27K imayenera kukhala sitima zapamadzi za nyukiliya za polojekiti 667A Navaga, zokhala ndi D-5 dongosolo lokhala ndi mizinga ya R-27 / 4K10 kuti imenyane. zolinga zapansi, koma izi sizinachitike kamodzi.
Zambiri zidawoneka kuti pambuyo pa 1990, a PRC, ndipo mwina a DPRK, adapeza gawo lazolemba za mivi ya 4K18. Mu kotala la zaka zana, roketi yamadzi ya Pukguksong idzamangidwa pamaziko ake ku DPRK, komanso ku PRC - kuti apange mivi yoponyera pansi pamadzi.
