Kodi kuchuluka kwa mafuta a gear ndi kotani?
Zamkatimu
Kodi kachulukidwe wa mafuta giya ndi chiyani?
Kuchulukana kwa sing'anga iliyonse yamadzimadzi sikungawerengedwe ngati kuchuluka kwa masamu a zigawo zomwe zikuphatikizidwa muzolemba zake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati musakaniza madzi okwanira 1 litre ndi kachulukidwe ka 1 g/cm3 ndi lita imodzi ya mowa wokhala ndi kachulukidwe ka 1 g/cm3, pakutulutsa sitipeza 2 malita amadzimadzi okhala ndi kachulukidwe ka 0,89 g/cm.3. Padzakhala madzi ochepa, popeza mamolekyu amadzi ndi mowa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndipo amakhala ndi voliyumu yosiyana mlengalenga. Kugawa kwawo yunifolomu kudzachepetsa voliyumu yomaliza.
Pafupifupi mfundo yomweyo imagwira ntchito powunika kuchuluka kwamafuta amagetsi. Mphamvu yokoka ya gawo lililonse lamafuta limapanga zosintha zake pamtengo womaliza wa kachulukidwe.
Kuchulukana kwamafuta amafuta kumapangidwa ndi magulu awiri azigawo.
- mafuta oyambira. Monga maziko, maziko amchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, nthawi zambiri - semisynthetic ndi synthetic. Mphamvu yokoka ya mineral base imachokera ku 0,82 mpaka 0,89 g/cm3. Synthetics ndi pafupifupi 2-3% yopepuka. Izi ndichifukwa choti pa distillation ya mineral base, paraffin wolemera ndi unyolo wautali wa ma hydrocarbons nthawi zambiri amasamutsidwa (hydrocracking) kapena kutembenuzidwa (hard hydrocracking). Ma polyalphaolefins ndi mafuta otchedwa gasi nawonso ndi opepuka.
- Zowonjezera. Pankhani ya zowonjezera, zonse zimadalira zigawo zenizeni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, thickening agents ndi olemera kuposa maziko, zomwe zimawonjezera kachulukidwe wonse. Zina zowonjezera zimatha kuwonjezera kuchulukana ndikuchepetsa. Choncho, n'zosatheka kuweruza mosakayikira manufacturability ya phukusi lowonjezera pokhapokha ndi kachulukidwe.
Kulemera kwa mineral base, mafuta okonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito amaganiziridwa kuti ndi ochepa.
Kodi kachulukidwe ka mafuta a gear ndi chiyani?
Mafuta a giya, monga mankhwala omalizidwa, ali ndi kachulukidwe ka 800 mpaka 950 kg/m3. Kuchulukana kwakukulu kumawonetsa mosadziwika bwino izi:
- kuchuluka mamasukidwe akayendedwe;
- kuchuluka kwa antiwear ndi zowonjezera kupanikizika kwambiri;
- pansi wangwiro maziko.
Kupatsirana kwamadzimadzi odziwikiratu nthawi zambiri sikufikira 900 kg/m3. Pafupifupi, kachulukidwe amadzimadzi a ATF ali pamlingo wa 860 kg / m3. Mafuta opangira makina, makamaka magalimoto, mpaka 950 kg/m3. Nthawi zambiri mafuta amtunduwu amakhala owoneka bwino ndipo ndi oyenera kugwira ntchito yachilimwe.
Kuchulukana kwamafuta amafuta kumawonjezeka panthawi yogwira ntchito. Ichi ndi chifukwa machulukitsidwe wa lubricant ndi oxides, kuvala mankhwala ndi evaporation wa tizigawo topepuka. Pakutha kwa moyo wawo wautumiki, mafuta ena amagetsi amapangidwa mpaka 950-980 kg/m.3.
M'zochita, parameter ngati kachulukidwe mafuta alibe phindu kwa woyendetsa wamba. Popanda kafukufuku wa labotale, ndizovuta kunena chilichonse chokhudza ubwino wake kapena katundu wake. Ndizotheka kokha ndi malingaliro ofunikira kuti muwunikire kapangidwe kazowonjezera, malinga ngati mtundu wa maziko umadziwika.
