Momwe mungasinthire chisindikizo cha shaft chosiyana

Zosindikizira zosiyana zimalepheretsa madzi kuti asatuluke pa kusiyana kwake, zomwe zingayambitse kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuwononga galimoto.

Kaya galimoto yanu ndi yoyendetsa kutsogolo, kumbuyo kwa ma wheel kapena ma wheel drive, chinthu chimodzi chomwe magalimoto onse ali nacho ndichosiyana. Kusiyanitsa ndi nyumba yomwe ili ndi sitima yapamtunda ya axle ndipo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi shaft yoyendetsa kuti isamutse mphamvu ku gwero la galimoto. Kusiyanitsa kulikonse, kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo, kapena zonse ziwiri za magalimoto oyendetsa magudumu anayi, zimakhala ndi cholowera ndi chotulutsa kuti chipereke ndi kugawa mphamvu. Shaft iliyonse imakhala ndi mphira kapena chisindikizo chapulasitiki cholimba chomwe chimalepheretsa mafuta otumizirana kuti asatayike komanso kuteteza zida zamkati za gearbox kuti zisaipitsidwe ndi zinyalala zakunja. Nthawi zambiri, kusiyanitsa kumapezeka kuti kukuchucha mafuta, kumayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chisindikizo chosiyana kapena chisindikizo cha axle.

Monga chisindikizo china chilichonse kapena gasket, chisindikizo chosiyanitsacho chimatha kuvala chifukwa chowonekera kwambiri ndi zinthu, kukalamba, komanso kukhudzana ndi mafuta amagetsi, omwe ndi okhuthala kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi mankhwala owononga omwe pamapeto pake amawumitsa chisindikizocho. Chisindikizocho chikauma, chimakonda kusweka. Izi zimapanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono pakati pa nyumba yosiyana ndi chivundikiro cha shaft. Pansi pa katundu, mafuta a giya amamanga mphamvu ndipo amatha kutuluka m'mabowo osindikizira ndikupita pansi.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, chifukwa cha zomwe zili pamwambazi, chosindikizira chosiyana cha shaft chikhoza kutuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azituluka. Izi zikachitika, kusiyanako sikunatenthedwe, kotero kuti zotengera ndi magiya zimatha kutenthedwa. Ngati zigawozi ziyamba kutenthedwa, zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa kusiyana, zomwe zingayambitse galimotoyo mpaka kukonzedwanso.

Nthawi zambiri, chisindikizo chotuluka chimatuluka kwambiri pamene galimoto ikuyenda; makamaka pamene ma axles ophatikizidwa ndi kusiyana amayendetsedwa ndi magiya mkati mwa kusiyana. Mafuta akatuluka, mafuta mkati mwake amawonongeka, zomwe zimatha kuwononga magiya, ma axles, ndi zinthu zina mkati mwa nyumbayo.

Monga chigawo chilichonse cha makina chomwe chimataya mafuta, pamene chosindikizira chimatulutsa madzimadzi, pali zizindikiro zingapo zochenjeza zomwe ziyenera kuchenjeza dalaivala ku vuto. Zina mwazizindikiro zodziwika bwino za chosindikizira choyipa kapena chosweka chosiyana ndi:

Mukuwona madzi kunja kwa diff ndi axle: Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino chomwe chisindikizo cha shaft chawonongeka ndi pamene mukuwona madzi akuphimba malo omwe phokoso lotulutsa limagwirizanitsa chitsulo ndi kusiyana. Nthawi zambiri, kutayikira kumayambira pa gawo limodzi la chisindikizo ndikukula pang'onopang'ono kuti alowetse mafuta a giya kudzera pachisindikizo chonse. Izi zikachitika, mulingo wamadzimadzi mkati mwa nyumba zosiyanitsa umatsika mwachangu; zomwe zingawononge zigawo.

Phokoso loyimba pansi pagalimoto mukamakona: Ngati madzi opatsirana atuluka, zitsulo zomwe zili mkati mwazosiyana zimatenthedwa ndipo zimatha kupakana. Izi zikachitika, nthawi zambiri mumamva phokoso lakupera kuchokera pansi pa galimoto ngati mutatembenukira kumanzere kapena kumanja. Ngati muwona phokoso lamtundu uwu, zikutanthauza kuti zitsulo zachitsulo zikusisita; kuwononga kwambiri.

Kununkhira kwa mafuta oyaka moto: Mafuta a giya ndi okhuthala kwambiri kuposa mafuta a injini. Ikayamba kutsika kuchokera ku chisindikizo cha shaft, imatha kulowa m'mapaipi otulutsa pansi pagalimoto. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana ndi magalimoto a XNUMXWD kapena XNUMXWD. Ngati itsikira pa utsi, nthawi zambiri imayaka ngati utsi, koma ngati kutayikirako kuli kokwanira, kumatha kuyaka.

Chilichonse mwa zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi zikhoza kupewedwa ndi kukonza ndi kukonza nthawi zonse. Opanga magalimoto ambiri amalimbikitsa kukhetsa mafuta osiyanitsidwa ndikusintha zosindikizira ndi zotuluka pamakilomita 50,000 aliwonse. M'malo mwake, kutulutsa kwamafuta ambiri komanso kutulutsa kwamafuta a shaft kumachitika pambuyo pa ma 100,000 mamailosi, kapena patatha zaka 5 atavala.

Pazolinga za nkhaniyi, tiyang'ana njira zabwino kwambiri zochotsera chosindikizira chakale chosiyanitsa shaft ndikuyikamo chisindikizo chatsopano chamkati. Komabe, galimoto iliyonse ili ndi masitepe apadera kuti amalize ntchitoyi. Chifukwa chake, tiyang'ana kwambiri malangizo anthawi zonse ochotsa ndikusintha chisindikizo pamagalimoto ambiri. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe mungamalizire ntchitoyi, chonde onani buku la ntchito yagalimoto yanu kapena funsani katswiri wosiyanitsa yemwe angakuthandizeni pantchitoyi.

Gawo 1 la 3: Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kulephera Kusindikiza kwa Shaft Zosiyana

Kutengera komwe kuli kusiyanasiyana, i.e. gudumu lakutsogolo kapena kusiyanitsa kumbuyo, kutayikira kuchokera ku chisindikizo cha shaft kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Pamagalimoto oyendetsa ma gudumu akutsogolo, kutumizirako nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kusiyanasiyana kwanyumba komwe nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa kufalitsa, pomwe pamagalimoto akumbuyo kumagalimoto oyendetsa kusiyanitsa kumayendetsedwa ndi shaft yolumikizidwa pamayendedwe.

Zosindikizira zotuluka pamagalimoto akutsogolo zimatha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, kuwonongeka kwamadzimadzi a hydraulic, kapena kupanikizika kwambiri. Kulephera kwa chisindikizo kumathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi zinthu, zaka, kapena kung'ambika kosavuta. Pamasiyanidwe a magudumu akumbuyo, zisindikizo zotuluka nthawi zambiri zimawonongeka chifukwa cha ukalamba kapena kuwonetseredwa kwambiri ndi zinthu. Akuyenera kutumizidwa mailosi 50,000 aliwonse, koma eni magalimoto ndi magalimoto ambiri samagwira ntchito imeneyi.

Nthawi zambiri, kutsika pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku chisindikizo chosiyana sikungabweretse mavuto pakuyendetsa. Komabe, popeza mafuta osungira sangathe kuwonjezeredwa; popanda kuwonjezera thupi ku diff, zimatha kuwononga kwambiri zigawo zamkati mkati. Mafuta akamayenda kwa nthawi yayitali, zizindikiro zambiri zimawonekera, monga:

• Phokoso la pansi pagalimoto potembenuka
• Fungo la mafuta oyaka moto
• Phokoso lakugogoda lochokera mgalimoto mukamathamangira kutsogolo

Pazochitika zonsezi, zowonongeka zimapangidwira zigawo zamkati mkati mwa kusiyana.

• KupewaYankho: Ntchito yosinthira shaft yosiyana imatha kukhala yovuta kwambiri kutengera mtundu wagalimoto yomwe muli nayo. Nthawi zonse tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwunikenso buku lautumiki la wopanga lonse musanayese ntchitoyi. Monga tanenera pamwambapa, malangizo omwe ali pansipa ndi masitepe osinthira chisindikizo chosiyana. Ngati simuli omasuka ndi ntchitoyi, nthawi zonse funsani makina ovomerezeka a ASE.

Gawo 2 la 3: Kukonzekera Galimoto Kuti Isinthe Chisindikizo Chosiyana Chotulutsa Shaft

Malinga ndi zolemba zambiri zamautumiki, ntchito yosintha chosindikizira cha shaft yosiyana imatha kutenga maola atatu mpaka asanu. Pamagalimoto ena omwe amakhala ndi zotchinga zolimba kumbuyo, chosindikizira chamkati chimatchedwa axle seal, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala pamagalimoto akumbuyo komanso mkati mwa khomo lakumbuyo kwa galimotoyo. Kuti muchotse chisindikizo chamtunduwu, muyenera kuchotsa chosindikiziracho ndikuchotsa chitsulocho mkati.

Pamagalimoto akutsogolo, chosindikiziracho chimatchedwanso kuti chisindikizo cha CV. Siziyenera kusokonezedwa ndi boot yophatikizana ya CV, yomwe imaphimba nyumba zophatikizana za CV. Kuchotsa ochiritsira linanena bungwe kutsinde chisindikizo pa kutsogolo pagalimoto kusiyana, muyenera kuchotsa ena ananyema hardware, ndipo nthawi zambiri kuchotsa struts ndi zigawo zina kutsogolo.

Kawirikawiri, zipangizo zomwe mudzafunika kuchotsa ndikusintha chisindikizocho; pambuyo kuchotsa zigawo zothandizira zidzaphatikizapo izi:

Zida zofunika

• Mwina zotsuka mabuleki
• Chovala choyera cha shopu
• Tray yotsitsa
• Zowonjezera zochepa (ngati muli ndi kusiyana kochepa)
• Chisindikizo chochotsa chida ndi chida choyika
• Flat ndi Phillips screwdrivers
• Seti ya sockets ndi ratchet
• Kusintha chisindikizo chosiyana
• Kusintha mafuta kumbuyo
• Scraper kwa gasket pulasitiki
• Spanner

Mukasonkhanitsa zida zonsezi ndikuwerenga malangizo omwe ali m'buku lanu lautumiki, muyenera kukhala okonzeka kuti ntchitoyo ithe.

Gawo 3 la 3: Njira Zosinthira Differential Gasket

Malinga ndi opanga ambiri, ntchitoyi iyenera kuchitika mkati mwa maola ochepa, makamaka ngati muli ndi zida zonse ndi gasket yopuma. Ngakhale kuti ntchitoyi sikutanthauza kuti mutulutse zingwe za batri, nthawi zonse ndibwino kuti mutsirize sitepeyi musanagwiritse ntchito galimotoyo.

Gawo 1: Yankhani galimoto: Kuti muchotse chisindikizo chilichonse chosiyana (kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo kwa galimotoyo), muyenera kuchotsa mawilo ndi matayala kuti muchotse chitsulocho. Ndicho chifukwa chake muyenera kukweza galimotoyo pamtunda wa hydraulic kapena kuika galimotoyo pa jacks. Nthawi zonse ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chokwera cha hydraulic ngati muli nacho.

Gawo 2: Chotsani gudumu: Nthawi iliyonse mukasintha chisindikizo cha shaft chotuluka, choyamba muyenera kuchotsa mawilo ndi matayala. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench kapena torx wrench, chotsani gudumu ndi tayala kuchokera pa axle yomwe ili ndi shaft yotulutsa yotulutsa, kenaka yikani gudumu pambali pakadali pano.

Khwerero 3: Konzani chitsulo chochotsa: Nthawi zambiri, mumayenera kuchotsa chitsulocho kuti musinthe chisindikizo chakunja. Mu sitepe iyi, inu kutsatira malangizo mu utumiki buku kuchotsa zigawo zotsatirazi.

• nati wa spindle
• Mapiritsi a magudumu
• Kuyimitsa chithandizo
• Emergency brake (ngati ili pa nsonga yakumbuyo)
• Zowonjezera zowopsa
• Ndodo yomangira mapeto

Pamagalimoto oyendetsa kutsogolo, mudzafunikanso kuchotsa zida zowongolera ndi zina zoyimitsidwa kutsogolo.

• ChenjeraniYankho: Chifukwa chakuti magalimoto onse ndi osiyana ndipo ali ndi zomata zosiyana, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo omwe ali m'buku lanu lautumiki kapena kuti ntchitoyi ichitidwe ndi makaniko wovomerezeka wa ASE. Lamulo labwino la chala chachikulu ndikulemba sitepe iliyonse yochotsa, popeza kukhazikitsa pambuyo pochotsa chisindikizo chosweka kudzachitika motsatana ndi kuchotsedwa.

Khwerero 4: Chotsani ekseli: Ma fasteners onse akachotsedwa kuti muthe kuchotsa chitsulocho pa kusiyana, kokerani chingwecho kuchoka pa kusiyana. Nthawi zambiri, izi sizifunikira chida chapadera chochotsera chitsulo m'galimoto. Monga mukuwonera pachithunzichi, mutha kuwona momwe zida zapamwamba zimamangiriridwabe ndi ekseli. Izi zimathandizira kwambiri kukhazikitsa gawoli pambuyo posintha chisindikizo chowonongeka.

Chithunzi chomwe chili pamwambapa chikuwonetsa mabawuti omwe amalumikiza cholumikizira cha CV kumasiyanidwe akutsogolo pagalimoto yokhazikika yakutsogolo. Muyeneranso kuchotsa mabawutiwa kuti muchotse axle pa kusiyana. Sitepe iyi si yofanana ndi magalimoto akumbuyo. Monga tanena mobwerezabwereza pamwambapa, nthawi zonse tchulani bukhu lautumiki kuti mupeze malangizo enieni.

Khwerero 5: Kuchotsa Chisindikizo Chowonongeka Chakunja: Pamene axle yachotsedwa pa kusiyana, mudzatha kuona chisindikizo chotuluka. Musanachotse chisindikizo chosweka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mkati mwa kusiyanako ndi chiguduli choyera kapena zopukuta zowonongeka. Izi zidzateteza mkati mwa kusiyana kwa kuukiridwa ndi zinthu kapena kuipitsidwa.

Kuti muchotse chisindikizochi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chida chochotsera chisindikizo chomwe chikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi pamwambapa kapena screwdriver yaikulu ya flatblade kuti muchotse pang'onopang'ono chisindikizocho m'thupi lake. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndikofunikira kuti musakanda mkati mwa kusiyana.

Chotsani chisindikizocho kwathunthu, koma chisiyeni kuti chifanane ndi gawo lomwe mudagula musanayese kuyika chisindikizo chatsopano.

Khwerero 6: Yeretsani nyumba zosindikizira zamkati ndi nyumba za axle: Magwero ochulukirachulukira atsopano obwera chifukwa cha ntchito yaposachedwa yosinthira chisindikizo chakunja ndi chifukwa chosowa kutsukidwa ndi makaniko. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mbali ziwiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ziyenera kukhala zoyera komanso zopanda zinyalala kuti chisindikizo chigwire bwino ntchito yake.

• Pogwiritsa ntchito chiguduli choyera, tsitsani chotsukira mabuleki pa chiguduli ndikutsuka mkatikati mwa chosiyana poyamba. Onetsetsani kuti mwachotsa zinthu zosindikizira zomwe zathyoka pochotsa.

• Kenako yeretsani chitsulocho chomwe chayikidwa mu bokosi la gearbox. Thirani madzi ochuluka a brake fluid pagawo lachimuna ndi axle gear ndikuchotsa mafuta onse ndi zinyalala.

Mu sitepe yotsatira, inu kukhazikitsa latsopano linanena bungwe kusiyana chisindikizo. Chida chomwe chili pamwambapa ndikuyika chisindikizo. Mutha kuwapeza ku Harbor Freight kapena m'sitolo ya hardware. Ndiabwino kwambiri kuyika zisindikizo mumasiyanidwe, ma gearbox ndi pafupifupi chilichonse cholowetsa kapena chotulutsa.

Khwerero 7: Ikani Chisindikizo Chatsopano Chachiwiri Chosiyana: Pogwiritsa ntchito chida chomwe chili pamwambapa, muyika chisindikizo chatsopano potsatira malangizowa.

* Chotsani chiguduli kapena thaulo lamapepala lomwe mwayika mkati mwazosiyana.

• Pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta atsopano a gear, ikani chovala chopyapyala kuzungulira nyumba yonse yomwe chisindikizocho chidzayikidwa. Izi zidzathandiza kuti chisindikizocho chikhale chowongoka.

• Ikani chisindikizo chosiyana

• Ikani chida chosindikizira pa chisindikizo chatsopano.

• Gwiritsani ntchito nyundo kuti mugwire kumapeto kwa chida choyikapo mpaka chisindikizocho chitakhazikika. Nthawi zambiri, mumamva chisindikizo "pop" chikayikidwa bwino.

Khwerero 8: Yatsani malekezero a ma axles ndikuyiyikanso muzosiyana: Pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta atsopano a giya, perekani mafuta kumapeto kwa ma axle omwe amalumikizana ndi magiya amkati mkati mwa kusiyana. Mosamala ikani chitsulo muzitsulo, kuonetsetsa kuti zikugwirizana molunjika osati mokakamizidwa. Monga mukuwonera pachithunzichi pansipa, onetsetsani kuti mukugwirizanitsa bwino ndi axis. Ambiri amakonda kuyika ma hub axle akachotsedwa ngati gwero.

Limbikitsani ma bolts ndi zomangira zonse zomwe mumayenera kuzichotsa m'masitepe am'mbuyomu motsata njira yochotsera musanapitirire ku masitepe omaliza.

Gawo 8: Dzazani kusiyana ndi madzimadzi: Mukayika chitsulo, komanso zida zonse zoyimitsidwa ndi zowongolera, lembani kusiyanitsa ndi madzi. Kuti mutsirize sitepe iyi, chonde onani buku lanu lautumiki chifukwa galimoto iliyonse ili ndi njira zosiyanasiyana za sitepeyi.

Khwerero 9: Ikaninso gudumu ndi tayala: Onetsetsani kuti muyike gudumu ndi tayala ndikumangitsa mtedza wa lug ku torque yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa.

Khwerero 10: Tsitsani galimoto ndikulimbitsanso mabawuti onse pamasiyanidwe.. Mukamaliza kukonza chosindikizira chosiyana, mungafune kuganizira zosintha china pa ekisi imodzi (makamaka ngati ndi gudumu lakutsogolo).

Zina mwazinthu zamagalimoto akutsogolo zomwe muyenera kuzichotsa ndikuzisintha panthawi yantchitoyi zimaphatikizapo nsapato za CV; chifukwa nthawi zambiri amathyoka nthawi yomweyo ngati chosindikizira pamagalimoto akutsogolo. Mukasintha chigawochi, kuyesa kwabwino kwa mtunda wa 15 miles kumalimbikitsidwa. Mukamaliza cheke, yendani pansi pagalimoto ndikuyang'ana chosiyana kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe kutulutsa kwamadzi atsopano.

Mukamaliza ntchitoyi, kukonza kwa chisindikizo chosiyana kutha. Ngati mwadutsa njira zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi ndipo simukutsimikiza kuti mumalize ntchitoyi, kapena ngati mukufuna gulu lina la akatswiri kuti lithandizire kuthetsa vutoli, funsani AvtoTachki ndipo m'modzi mwa makina athu ovomerezeka a ASE angasangalale kukuthandizani m'malo. kusiyana . chosindikizira.