Momwe mungasinthire mafuta mu buku la Mercedes

Mercedes-Benz ndi imodzi mwazodziwika komanso zodziwika bwino zamagalimoto. Kampani yopanga magalimoto amenewa idakhazikitsidwa zaka zana zapitazo, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Pakukhalapo kwa kampaniyo pansi pa dzina la Mercedes, magalimoto ambiri adapangidwa. Ndipo pali zitsanzo zambiri ndi kufala Buku.

Koma tisaiwale kuti pakati pa Mercedes magalimoto okonzeka ndi kufala Buku, pali mitundu yonse ya magalimoto, magalimoto, mabasi ndi mitundu ina ya magalimoto. Inde, ndi mfundo zosinthira mafuta a injini mu gearbox ndizosiyana. Chifukwa chake, nkhaniyi ikhala yowunikiranso.

Pafupipafupi kusintha mafuta mu buku kufala galimoto Mercedes

Nthawi yosintha mafuta imadalira mtundu wagalimoto. Koma pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza nthawi ya kusintha kwa mafuta. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti masiku amaperekedwa kwa makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, osawonongeka kwa gearbox ndi mtundu woyenera wa mafuta odzaza. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zotsatirazi zimakhudza nthawi yakusintha kwamafuta:

• Mtundu wa unit. M'magalimoto oyendetsa magudumu anayi, mafuta ayenera kusinthidwa nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katundu pamayendedwe agalimoto. Magalimoto akutsogolo sali patali. Kusintha kwamafuta ochepa kumafunikira pamagalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo.
• Kuchuluka kwa mazunzo. Mafuta odzola amakhala nthawi yayitali m'magalimoto omwe amayendetsedwa m'misewu yosalala (misewu yayikulu) popanda kusintha kwadzidzidzi. Koma kuchulukana kwa magalimoto kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuyendetsa mopanda msewu kumafupikitsa moyo wamafuta a injini.
• Mtundu wa mafuta:
  • mafuta a mineral gear ndi otsika mtengo koma samakana kuipitsidwa. Iyenera kusinthidwa pamtunda uliwonse wa makilomita 35-40 zikwi.
  • Mafuta a semi-synthetic giya amakhala nthawi yayitali chifukwa amatha kuchepetsa mavalidwe a magawo opatsirana komanso kukana kuipitsidwa. Iyenera kusinthidwa, pafupifupi, makilomita 45-50 zikwi.
  • Mafuta a Synthetic ndiye mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wamafuta. Ndikokwanira makilomita 65-70 zikwi. Chachikulu ndichakuti musasokoneze ma synthetics a ma transmission pamanja ndi ma transmission automatic panthawi yodzaza.
• Mtundu wa makina. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina yamagalimoto ili ndi malamulo awoawo osintha mafuta. Apa tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana zambiri mu bukhu lautumiki la galimoto. Sizipweteka kukaonana ndi akatswiri pa siteshoni utumiki.

Monga tanena kale, kangati kusintha mafuta pa kufala Buku pa Mercedes zimadalira zinthu ntchito, chitsanzo galimoto ndi mtundu wa madzimadzi ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukukayikira kukula kwa gwero lamafuta opatsirana, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mtundu wake. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri komanso kuyendetsa galimoto, moyo wothandiza wa mafuta umachepetsedwa ndi 30-50%, kutengera chitsanzo (chofuna chake pazimenezi).

Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi madzi atsopano. Ndipo ali ndi zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa gwero:

• Mafuta amasintha mtundu, akuda, amawoneka ngati utomoni.
• Kusasinthasintha kwa madzi kumasintha: kumakhala viscous ndi inhomogeneous. Zotupa za osadziwika chiyambi anapezeka lubricant, fungo la moto. Ndibwino kuti tiyang'ane mosamala momwe mafuta alili: nthawi zina (makamaka ndi gearbox yogwiritsidwa ntchito), tchipisi tachitsulo timawonekera mu mafuta, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuvala kwa magawo. Ndipo chip ichi ndi chosavuta kukanda.
• Mafuta amatulutsa. Zopepuka, tizigawo tamadzi tambiri timakhalabe pamwamba pa crankcase yopatsirana buku. Ndipo pansi pake, zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zosakanikirana ndi matope ndi mwaye, chinthu chokhuthala, chochepa kwambiri chomwe chimawoneka ngati matope a mtsinje. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kukhalapo kwake pogwiritsa ntchito dipstick, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayikidwa mu dzenje lapadera kuti lilamulire mlingo ndi ubwino wa mafuta. Ngati dipstick sichikuphatikizidwa mu zida, muyenera kudzipanga nokha (ndodo iliyonse yopyapyala yachitsulo idzachita) ndikuyang'ana mlingo kupyolera pakhosi la dzenje.
• Galimotoyo imayenda ndi khama, silitenga liwiro lofunikira, imayima nthawi zambiri, kugogoda kumamveka mu gearbox. Izi zimawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta.

Mkhalidwe wa mafuta odzola umatsimikiziridwa mowoneka, ndi mtundu, kusasinthasintha, kununkhiza. Iyenera kufananizidwa ndi madzi atsopano amtundu womwewo. Ngati kusiyana kukuwoneka ndi maso, ndiye kuti mwalandira m'malo. Voliyumu yofunikira kuti ilowe m'malo imalowetsedwa m'buku lautumiki lagalimoto. Popanda chidziwitso chofunikira, onjezerani madzi mpaka mutadzaza: tsitsani ndi malire apansi a khosi lodzaza.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati mafuta akutuluka? Ndi mitundu yanji ya zosweka?

Ponena za kuwonongeka kwapamanja pa Mercedes, titha kunena izi: Tsoka ilo, zowonongeka zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi gearbox zitha kukonzedwa ndi akatswiri okha. Mwiniwake amatha kuchita njira yosavuta yosinthira gasket ndi matenda. Njirayi ikuwoneka motere:

• Kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo kumakwezedwa ndi jack kapena kukweza kwapadera. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira tokha kuti musavulaze komanso kuwonongeka kwagalimoto. Onetsetsani kuti mutetezenso gearbox kuti isagwe.
• Makina owongolera, ma wheel drive, cardan shaft (pamagalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo) amachotsedwa mu gearbox. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa mawilo kuti athe kupeza bwino kufalitsa. M'pofunika kuti kufala si chikugwirizana ndi kufala Buku.
• Mafuta odzaza mu gearbox amatsitsidwa.
• Maboti omwe amateteza kufala kwa bukhu ku malo opangira magetsi agalimoto amachotsedwa. Zokwera zoyimitsidwa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi gearbox zimachotsedwa.
• The kufala Buku amachotsedwa galimoto ndi disassembled kwa diagnostics ndi zotheka kukonza.

Tsoka ilo, oyendetsa galimoto ambiri alibe luso lofunikira ndi zida zogwirira ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwazo. Choncho, ngati kuli kovuta, tikulimbikitsidwa kulankhulana ndi siteshoni. Komabe, ndikofunikira kufotokozera momwe mungadziwire kutayikira kwamafuta mumayendedwe a Mercedes manual. Izi zikuwonetseredwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Galimoto Yovuta Kusuntha: Galimoto imayamba koma imayima ikachoka osalowerera. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka, koma kuthamanga kumachepa, injini imathamanga movutikira.
• Kudontha kwamafuta kumawonekera pa crankcase ya ma transmission manual. Ndipo muyenera kulabadira pafupipafupi magulu. Ngati mawanga atsopano amafuta apezeka pambuyo paulendo uliwonse, ndiye kuti kutayikirako kumakhala kowopsa.
• Kupatsirana kwamadzimadzi ndikotsika. Kufufuzidwa ndi ndodo. Ndipo ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mafuta achepe.
• Magiya amangosintha kukhala "osalowerera ndale", kapena ndizosatheka kusintha pa liwiro linalake. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti magiya ndi ovuta kusintha, muyenera kufinya chotchinga kuti chisamuke kuchokera ku ndale kupita ku liwiro linalake.

Ndikoyeneranso kudziwa zomwe kuwonongeka ndi zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la kufala kwa buku. Ndikoyenera kuganizira: sikuti nthawi zonse amateur amatha kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kusokonekera. Koma tikulimbikitsidwa kuwadziwa:

• Kutsika mtengo kwa zida zosinthira. Magiya amatha, kusiyana pakati pa zigawo kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimabweretsa chitukuko chofulumira cha gwero la gearbox ndi mafuta odzaza.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta olakwika (kapena mafuta osakhala bwino). Choyenera kudziwa: kudzaza mafuta olakwika ndizovuta, choncho sankhani mankhwala anu mwanzeru.
• Mkhalidwe wosasamala wa utumiki wokakamizika. Ngati mulibe kukonza galimoto pa nthawi (kuphatikiza kusintha mafuta), kukonza n'zosapeweka. Pachifukwa ichi, akatswiri amalangiza pogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ateteze. Mercedes ndi yodalirika, koma popanda chisamaliro choyenera, galimoto iliyonse imasweka.
• Mayendedwe olakwika. Kusintha kwamphamvu kwa magiya, kusintha kosalekeza kwa magalimoto, kuyenda mosasamala - zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukhathamira kwa zida zamagalimoto, kuphatikiza mtundu wa Mercedes. Izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa ndi omwe amakonda kuyendetsa galimoto ndikufinyira chilichonse m'galimoto yomwe imatha.
• Kusintha zida zosinthira ndi zotsika mtengo, koma zotsika mtengo. Eni magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto. Tsoka ilo, mutha kungodziwa zambiri zakusintha koteroko mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri.

Pansi pa nyumba ya Mercedes:

Kodi kusintha mafuta mu buku kufala molondola?

Kusintha lubricant mu gearbox manual nthawi zonse ikuchitika molingana ndi mfundo yomweyo. Koma kukhazikitsidwa bwino kwa ndondomekoyi sikudalira chidziwitso cha ndondomeko yokha, komanso kusankha madzi oyenerera. Ndipo kusankha mafuta a Mercedes sikophweka nthawi zonse. Tiyenera kuzindikira apa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamadzi opaka mafuta. Kuyika chizindikiro, mtundu ("synthetics", "semi-synthetics" ndi mafuta amchere) ndi voliyumu yofunikira podzaza zimasiyana. Tikumbukenso kuti mu gearbox mafuta okha amatsanuliridwa, lubricant galimoto si oyenera pano.

Kukonzekera kusintha kwa mafuta pa Mercedes manual transmission kumayamba ndi kugula mafuta oyambira kapena ofanana nawo. Ndibwino kuti muwone zomata pa bokosi la gear (ngati zilipo) ndikupeza mtundu wa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito podzaza chitsanzo cha galimotoyi. Zomwezo zitha kupezeka m'buku lautumiki. Zimasonyeza mtundu wa mafuta, kulolerana ndi chiwerengero cha magawo ena. Ngati chilembo chokhala ndi bukhuli chachotsedwa, ndipo chidziwitso chofunikira sichili m'buku lautumiki, muyenera kulumikizana ndi akatswiri (makamaka, oimira boma kapena ogulitsa Mercedes.

Chotsatira ndikugula madzi oyeretsera othamangitsira gearbox. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi bwino kukumbukira: ndizosavomerezeka kuti musambe kufalitsa bukuli ndi madzi! Pankhaniyi, zida zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zonyansa ndi zowola kuchokera kumafuta. Koma nthawi zambiri, ndikwanira kutenga mafuta wamba wamba, omwe amakulolani kuyeretsa dongosolo mu masiku 2-3.

Pomaliza, muyenera kukonzekera zida zofunika ndikusamalira chitetezo. Pazidazo, mudzafunikadi kiyi kuti mutsegule mapulagi otayira ndi odzaza, chidebe chochotsera mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dipstick kuti muwone mulingo ndi mtundu wamafuta. Pankhaniyi, makinawo ayenera kuikidwa pamtunda wathyathyathya, gwirani galimoto yoyimitsa magalimoto ndikuyamba. M'pofunikanso kuyembekezera kuti magetsi azizizira - mafuta ayenera kukhala otentha, koma osatentha.

Gawo Loyamba

Njira yosinthira mafuta pamagalimoto a Mercedes imayamba ndikuchotsa madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Madziwo ayenera kuchotsedwa pamene magetsi akutentha pang'ono. Kutentha kozungulira kumagwira ntchito pano. M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha pang'ono kwa injini ndikokwanira, ndipo mafuta amakhala amadzimadzi komanso amadzimadzi. Kukachitika chisanu choopsa, ndikofunikira kutenthetsa injini bwino kuti mukwaniritse kukhazikika kwamafuta omwe mukufuna. Apo ayi, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kukhetsa mafuta, omwe achuluka kwambiri mpaka kusungunuka.

Dongosolo la drainage palokha lili motere:

• Pansi pa dzenje lotayira, chidebe chokonzekeratu chimayikidwa chomwe chimatha kutengera kuchuluka kwamafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi bwino kuonetsetsa kuti chidebecho sichikutha, kuti musamatsuke "zolimbitsa thupi" zomwe zatayika.
• Choyamba, pulagi yotayira imachotsedwa, ndipo madzi akayamba kutsanulira, amatsanuliridwa. Potsegula, makiyi a socket, open-end kapena hex mkati nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zina, mapulagi amatha kumasulidwa pamanja.
• Mafuta akatuluka, pulagi ya drain imathiridwa.

Gawo Lachiwiri

Gawo lachiwiri ndi kutsuka kwa gearbox. Ndikofunika kukumbukira apa kuti pali mitundu itatu yamadzimadzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuchotsa mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dothi. Koma nthawi zambiri, mtundu uwu wa mankhwala ntchito kuyeretsa injini. Ndipo mankhwala ochepa oyenerera kuti azitha kuyendetsa injini ndi kufalitsa. Choncho, muyenera kusankha chida choyenera mwanzeru.

Pazonse, pali njira zinayi zazikuluzikulu zoyeretsera zotulutsa pamanja kuchokera kudothi ndi zotsalira zamafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta oyeretsedwa, amathiridwa masiku 2-3. Ndondomekoyi ikuchitika motere:
  • gearbox imadzazidwa ndi mafuta wamba. Madalaivala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika mtengo oyenera mtundu uwu wamagetsi. Ngati n'kotheka, tikulimbikitsidwa kudzaza ma synthetics, koma ngati kuli kofunikira, mafuta amchere amagwiritsidwanso ntchito;
  • kwa masiku 2-3 muyenera kuyendetsa galimoto nthawi zonse. Chofunika: Mercedes sayenera kukhala osagwira ntchito m'galaja kapena pamalo oimikapo magalimoto. Kupanda kutero, kusamba sikudzachitidwa;
  • pambuyo pa nthawi yofunikira, mafuta amatsukidwa ndikutsanuliridwa chatsopano, mpaka kusinthidwa kotsatira.
• Ndi mafuta ochapira. Mfundoyi ndi yofanana ndi njira yomwe tafotokozayi, koma kuyika kwa mafuta otenthetsera nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza mfundo zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso malo omwe amaloledwa kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mafuta otsekemera sangayendetsedwe, ndi oyenera kuchotsa dothi ndi mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Ndi zotsukira mwachangu. Madalaivala ena amatcha masitimawa "mphindi zisanu" - mphindi 5 za ntchito yamagetsi ndizokwanira kutsuka. Wothandizira amatsanuliridwa muzofalitsa zamanja, khosi lodzaza limatsekedwa, injini imathamanga kwa mphindi 5-10. Ulendo m'kalasi yoyamba nthawi zambiri ndi wokwanira.
• Ndi chotsukira wofatsa. Ili ndilo dzina lachidziwitso lazinthu zomwe ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji ku mafuta. Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana posankha chotsuka:
  • M'pofunika kusankha zikuchokera kuti kuthira mafuta zida; zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka mafuta mu injini nthawi zambiri sizoyenera pano (kupatulapo zomwe zanenedwa ndi wopanga).
  • Zomwe zimapangidwira zimasankhidwa molingana ndi gulu lamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pansi pa dzina la API GL-1, API GL-2, etc. Apo ayi, mavuto amadza chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa zowonjezera mu mafuta ndi zotsukira.
  • Zofewa zotsukira zimatsanuliridwa mumafuta atsopano okha. Mukathiridwa mu mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito, sipadzakhalanso zotsatira. Ndipo muzochitika zina, kuchita koteroko kumathandizira kuvala kwa gearbox.

Pambuyo kufalitsa Buku wakhala kutsukidwa kwathunthu, mukhoza kuyamba kudzaza mafuta atsopano.

Gawo Lachitatu

Gawo lomaliza ndi lachitatu ndikudzaza mafuta atsopano komanso atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugula mafuta ku sitolo yapadera kapena (moyenera) kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ovomerezeka a Mercedes Benz. Kugula pamsika kumakhudzana ndi zoopsa zina. Makamaka, musaiwale: nthawi zina mumakumana ndi wogulitsa "osati wowona mtima kwambiri" yemwe angapereke mafuta olakwika, omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito kuti awonongeke komanso kuti awonongeke mofulumira.

Ndikofunikira kudzaza mafuta opaka ndi pulagi yotsekedwa bwino, mu bokosi la gear lokhazikika. Nthawi yomweyo, ndibwino kuti musadzaze mafuta amitundu yosiyanasiyana, ngakhale zinthu zamtundu womwewo sizimasakanikirana bwino nthawi zonse (ngati nyimbozo zikuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana). Galimotoyo sidzatha kuyendayenda ngakhale kwa chaka chimodzi, chifukwa iyenera kukonzedwa. Kuti musadzaze chilichonse ndi mafuta, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchotse ndi syringe ndikudzaza ndi kutumiza kwamanja.

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta oti mudzaze kumadalira mtundu wa makinawo komanso mtundu wamagetsi. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kofunikira kwamafuta kumawonetsedwa m'buku lautumiki lagalimoto kapena pa chomata chomangika ku nyumba ya gearbox. Ngati chidziwitso chofunikira sichikupezeka, ndiye kuti kufalitsa kwamanja kuyenera kudzazidwa mpaka kumalire apansi a dzenje lodzaza. Tsopano zimangokhalira kumangitsa kork ndipo ndondomeko yodzaza imatsirizidwa.