Momwe mungawerengere ndalama zagalimoto

Kugula galimoto nthawi zonse kumakhala kofunikira kwa munthu aliyense. Anthu ambiri amayenera kusunga ndalama pa izi kwa chaka chimodzi. Amene ali ndi chidziwitso chokhala ndi galimoto yaumwini amadziwa kuti ndalama zogulira ndalama sizimangogulira mwamsanga. Kugwira ntchito kwa galimoto kumafuna ndalama, ndipo ndalamazo zimatha kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi mtundu, kalasi ndi chitsanzo chenicheni cha galimotoyo. Koma ngakhale oyendetsa odziwa zambiri samatha kudziwa molondola zomwe zingawawonongere kukhala ndi "mnzake wachitsulo" watsopano. Kodi tinganene chiyani za iwo amene amagula galimoto kwa nthawi yoyamba ndipo posakhalitsa amazindikira kuti sanawerengere mphamvu zawo zachuma. Kukhala ndi galimoto yanu kumawonjezera chitonthozo chonse m'moyo wa munthu, koma pokhapokha ngati mtengo wokhudzana ndi kukhala ndi kuyendetsa galimoto ndi wofanana ndi ndalama.

Tiyeni tiyese kudziwa zomwe zimadabwitsa azachuma omwe asankha kukhala eni ake agalimoto ayenera kukumana nawo. Kuwunika moyenera ndalama zomwe zikubwera kudzakuthandizani kusankha bwino ndikugula galimoto momwe mungathere. Apo ayi, mtengo wosamalira galimoto ukhoza kukhala cholemetsa chosapiririka pa bajeti yaumwini kapena ya banja.

Ndalamazi zikhoza kuwerengedweratu molondola kapena mocheperapo. Ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene, pangakhale zodabwitsa zoyamba pano. Simungagule galimoto ndikuigwiritsa ntchito. Muyenera kulembetsa, ndiko kuti, kulembetsa ndikupeza manambala ndi satifiketi yolembetsa. Kulembetsa ndi chisangalalo cholipidwa.

Ntchito zogwirira ntchito zolembera galimoto yopangidwa ku CIS idzagula 153 hryvnia, magalimoto akunja - 190 hryvnia.

Fomu ya satifiketi yolembetsa imawononga 219 hryvnias.

Mtengo wamalayisensi atsopano ndi 172 hryvnias. Pankhani yolembetsanso galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito, mutha kusunga manambala akale ndikusunga pang'ono pa izi.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa mtengo wagalimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito, muyenera kuyitanira wowerengera wovomerezeka. Pakuti ntchito zake adzafunika kulipira za 300 hryvnia.

Kuwunika kwazamalamulo sikofunikira pakulembetsa galimoto, koma kutha kuchitidwa ndi pempho la wogula. Idzawononga 270 hryvnia ina.

Ngati tikukamba za galimoto yatsopano yogulidwa kumalo ogulitsa magalimoto, kapena galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito yotumizidwa kuchokera kudziko lina, ndiye kuti malipiro ena ovomerezeka adzakhala kuchotsedwa kwa Pension Fund ya Ukraine. Kwa galimoto yogulidwa m'chipinda chowonetsera, ndalamazo zidzakhala kuchokera pa atatu mpaka asanu peresenti ya mtengo wake wotheka. Pagalimoto yotumizidwa kuchokera kunja, kuchuluka kwake kudzawerengeredwa potengera kuchuluka kwa mtengo wake woyerekeza, msonkho wakunja ndi msonkho wakunja. Kuchotsera kwa PF pagalimoto iliyonse kumalipidwa kamodzi, ndikugulitsanso ndikulembetsanso kudera la Ukraine, ndalamazi siziyenera kulipidwa.

Ndalama zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatha kusintha nthawi ndi nthawi, koma ndizoyenera kuyerekeza mtengo woyambira. Ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti banki idzatenga ntchito inayake yosamutsira ndalama.

Ndipo mwa njira, chindapusa cha kulembetsa mochedwa kwa galimotoyo ndi 170 hryvnia. Mobwerezabwereza ofanana kuphwanya ndalama kwa 510 hryvnia. Kuti ndalamazi zisawonjezedwe pamtengo woyamba wokhudzana ndi kugula galimoto, muyenera kulembetsa mkati mwa masiku 10 kuyambira tsiku logula.

Ngati ndinu mwini galimoto, pali ndalama zina zimene mudzakumana nazo mobwerezabwereza, kaya mumagwiritsa ntchito galimotoyo maola 12 patsiku kapena kuyenda maulendo aafupi aŵiri kapena atatu pamwezi.

Zolipira zotere zikuphatikiza msonkho wamayendedwe ndi inshuwaransi ya CMTPL ndi CASCO.

TAX YA TRANSPORT

Mtengo wamisonkho ku Ukraine ndi 25 zikwi hryvnia. Izi ndi ndalama zomwe mudzayenera kulipira kamodzi pachaka pagalimoto iliyonse malinga ndi msonkho wotere. Koma si aliyense amene ayenera kulipira. Ngati ndinu mwiniwake wa galimoto yomwe ili yosapitirira zaka zisanu ndipo mtengo wake wamsika umaposa malipiro ochepa a 375, ndiye kuti pasanafike pa July 1 wa chaka chopereka lipoti mudzatumizidwa chenjezo la msonkho. Pasanathe masiku 60 muyenera kusiya ndalama zomwe zili pamwambazi pozitumiza ku bajeti ya boma. Pa Unduna wa Economic Development, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine mungapeze mndandanda wathunthu wa zitsanzo zamagalimoto zomwe zimayenera kulipira msonkho. Ndipo ndondomeko yolipira imayendetsedwa ndi Tax Code ya Ukraine. Njira yokhayo yopewera ndalamazi ndikugula galimoto yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo. Mu 2019, kuchuluka kwake ndi 1 miliyoni 564 hryvnia.

OSAGO

Inshuwaransi yokakamiza ya chipani chachitatu, yomwe imadziwika kuti "avtocitizen" kapena "avtocivilka". Kukhalapo kwa OSAGO kudzakupulumutsani ku kuwonongeka kwachuma kosayembekezereka ngati mutakhala woyambitsa ngozi ndikuwononga galimoto ina kapena thanzi la anthu. Kampani ya inshuwaransi idzabweza ndalama zothandizira anthu ovulala komanso kukonza galimoto yomwe yawonongeka. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, wochita ngoziyo adzachiritsidwa ndikubwezeretsa galimoto yake ndi ndalama zake.

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, mtundu uwu wa inshuwalansi ndi wofunikira kwa mwini galimoto aliyense. Simungathe kuyendetsa popanda izo, ophwanya amalangidwa ndi chindapusa cha 850 hryvnia. Ndondomeko ya OSAGO imaperekedwa kwa nthawi ya chaka chimodzi. Mtengo wake umawerengedwa motsatira njira yovuta kwambiri, potengera mtundu wagalimoto, luso loyendetsa, kuyendetsa popanda ngozi ndi zina. Nthawi zambiri, nzika yamagalimoto idzakutengerani 1000 ... 1500 hryvnias. Nthawi zina, n’zotheka kupeza inshuwalansi yanthawi yochepa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwagula kumene ndipo simunalembetse galimoto, mutha kugula ndondomeko ya autocitizenship kwa masiku 15 kapena kuposerapo.

Komabe, kukhalapo kwa galimoto kumafufuzidwa kokha pakachitika ngozi kapena panthawi ya ndondomeko yophwanya malamulo apamsewu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ena oyendetsa galimoto asagule ndondomeko ya OSAGO. Ndalama ndizokayikitsa kwambiri, chifukwa mutha kukhala m'mavuto azachuma ngati mutachita ngozi chifukwa cha vuto lanu. Ngati galimoto yamtengo wapatali ikuvutika, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kungakhale kwakukulu kwambiri.

CASCO

Mosiyana ndi inshuwaransi yamagalimoto, inshuwaransi yamtunduwu ndi yodzifunira mwamtheradi. Kuti apereke ndondomeko ya CASCO kapena ayi, mwini galimoto aliyense amasankha yekha. Koma kukhalapo kwake kudzakuthandizani kuwerengera chipukuta misozi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa galimoto YANU chifukwa cha ngozi, masoka achilengedwe, kuba, kupunduka mwadala ndi owononga ndi zina. Mtengo wa ndondomeko ya CASCO ndi kuchuluka kwa malipiro a zochitika za inshuwaransi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mgwirizano ndi kampani ya inshuwalansi.

Ngati zonse zikuwonekera bwino ndi malipiro oyambirira, misonkho ndi inshuwalansi, ndiye kuti n'zovuta kuwerengera ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panopa, makamaka kwa woyendetsa novice. Kuwaganizira molakwika kungayambitse kugula galimoto yomwe pamapeto pake imakhala yokwera mtengo kwambiri.

Chinthu chachikulu cha ndalama zamakono ndi mafuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kusuntha kwa injini yoyaka mkati, mphamvu yake, komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito. Galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri kutengera momwe injini yoyatsira mkati ilili, makina amagetsi, zosefera, ndi zina.

Mutha kuyerekeza mtengo wamafuta poyerekeza mtunda womwe mungayendetse pafupifupi mwezi uliwonse, njira yoyendetsera (misewu yamzinda kapena yakumidzi) komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe alengezedwa (pasipoti) pamakilomita 100 agalimoto yomwe ikufunsidwa. Factor X imakhalabe mtengo wamafuta pamagalasi, omwe amatha kusintha mosadziwika bwino malinga ndi momwe chuma chikuyendera komanso zochitika zandale m'dziko ndi dziko lapansi.

Kusamalira kumachitika pafupipafupi. Kwa galimoto yatsopano popanda kuthamanga, mtengo wokonza ukhoza kuyerekezedwa kwa zaka zingapo pasadakhale, popeza kukonza nthawi zonse ndikusintha zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito kumaperekedwa malinga ndi chitsimikizo.

Ngati galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito ikugulidwa, ndiye kuti idzafunika kukonzanso kwathunthu ndikusintha zinthu zonse zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zipangizo. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuwerengera pasadakhale ndalama zothandizira ndi kukonza galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito. N'zotheka kuti ili ndi "zodabwitsa" zobisika zomwe zidzawonekera pakapita nthawi ndipo zimafuna kukonzanso kwakukulu komanso kokwera mtengo. Muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri pogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito yamtundu wakale komanso wokwera mtengo - kukonza kwake kungakuwonongeni.

Kawirikawiri, galimoto yokwera mtengo kwambiri, imakhala yokwera mtengo. Ngati simukudziwa momwe mulili ndi ndalama, gulani galimoto yabwino kwambiri, makamaka ngati mukuchita koyamba. Pachifukwa ichi, magalimoto opangidwa ndi China angakhale abwino kugula anthu omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa komanso omwe akugula galimoto yawo yoyamba. Iwo sali otsika mtengo okha, komanso otsika mtengo pamtengo wokonza ndi kukonza.

Galimotoyo iyenera kusiyidwa penapake. Ndibwino kukhala ndi garaja yanu. Komabe, si onse omwe ali ndi mwayi ndi izi. Ngati galimotoyo ndi yotsika mtengo, mungathe kuiyika pafupi ndi nyumba poyera. Koma ndiye zidzawonetsedwa ku zotsatira zowononga za chinyezi - mwa kuyankhula kwina, dzimbiri. Oononga zinthu, akuba ndi akuba magalimoto adzakhalanso ndi mwayi wopezako. Choncho, ndi bwino kupeza malo oimikapo magalimoto olipidwa kapena kubwereka garaja. Mtengo ukhoza kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi mzinda ndi malo enieni. Mwachitsanzo, ku Odessa, malo osungiramo magalimoto otetezedwa amawononga 600 ... 800 hryvnia pamwezi, ndipo kubwereka garaja kumawononga ndalama imodzi mpaka zikwi ziwiri.

Matayala adzafunika kusinthidwa pamene akutha. Zotsika mtengo kwambiri zimawononga 700…800 hryvnias pa unit, koma mitengo ya rabara yabwino imayambira pafupifupi 1000…1100 hryvnias. Nthawi zambiri, muyenera kukhala ndi magawo awiri - chilimwe ndi chisanu. Mutha kupulumutsa pang'ono pogula matayala ochotsera, matayala achilimwe m'dzinja, matayala achisanu mu kasupe. Koma kusunga ndalama pogula matayala ogwiritsidwa ntchito sikoyenera. Zatha kale ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, zitha kukhala ndi zolakwika zamkati zomwe zimapezeka panthawi yogwira ntchito. Matayala oterowo sangakhale nthawi yaitali.

Malinga ndi malamulo apamsewu, galimotoyo iyenera kukhala ndi zida popanda kulephera, ndi chingwe chokokera komanso. A ya Chalk izi ndalama 400…500 hryvnias. Zida zokwera mtengo zingaphatikizepo zinthu zomwe mungasankhe koma zothandiza kwambiri - chovala chowunikira, magolovesi, mawaya, mawaya oyambira. Pogula, tcherani khutu tsiku lotha ntchito ya zida, makamaka chozimitsira moto.

M'nyengo yozizira, mwadzidzidzi, bulangeti lotentha, scraper, makina ochapira magalasi ndi njira ziwiri zingathandize kwambiri kuonetsetsa kuti tayala likugwira ntchito pamsewu wozizira kapena wachisanu. Zinthu izi ndalama za 200 ... 300 hryvnia.

Alamu yosavuta yanjira imodzi imawononga 600 mpaka 1000 hryvnia. Mitengo ya zida zambali ziwiri imayambira pa chikwi chimodzi ndi theka, ndi gawo la GSM loyankhulana ndi foni yam'manja - kuchokera ku zikwi ziwiri ndi theka. Malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito, kukhalapo kwa gawo la GPS ndi masensa osiyanasiyana, mtengo wa alamu ungafikire 20…25 ma hryvnias. Ndipo izi ndi popanda kuganizira mtengo wa kukhazikitsa dongosolo.

Ngati pali chosowa ndi chikhumbo, galimoto ikhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zothandiza komanso zosangalatsa - zoziziritsa mpweya, makina omvera, DVR, GPS navigator, ndi kuwala kokongoletsera. Koma zonsezi zimagulidwa malinga ndi zosowa ndi mphamvu zachuma za mwini galimoto.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumadalira momwe injini yoyatsira mkati imayendera ndi machitidwe ena agalimoto. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yotha mphamvu, mafuta ochulukirapo amatha kufika 10 ... 20%. Otsekedwa adzawonjezera wina 5 ... 10%. Ma spark plugs olakwika, ma jekeseni akuda ndi mizere yamafuta, kusanja magudumu osasinthika, kuthamanga kwa tayala kolakwika, ma brake pads - zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azigwiritsidwa ntchito mosafunikira. Chifukwa chake chomaliza - kuyang'anira luso la injini yoyaka mkati ndi zigawo zina za "iron horse" yanu, yankhani zizindikiro zokayikitsa panthawi yake ndikuthetsa mavuto.

Pochepetsa kulemera kwa makina, mutha kuchepetsanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Osanyamula zinthu zowonjezera, zida zomwe zingafunike m'galaja basi. Potsitsa galimoto ndi 40 ... 50 kilogalamu, mutha kusunga pafupifupi 2 ... 3 peresenti yamafuta. Izi si zazing'ono monga zingawonekere poyamba. Pewani katundu wathunthu, munjira iyi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka pafupifupi kotala.

Osagwiritsa ntchito molakwika idling, iyi si njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito injini yoyaka moto.

Zimitsani ogula magetsi osafunikira omwe sakufunika pakadali pano.

Nthawi ndi nthawi, galimotoyo iyenera kutsukidwa kapena kutsukidwa. Nthawi zambiri, ntchito zotsuka magalimoto zimatha kuchotsedwa. Mukhoza kutsuka ndi kuyeretsa galimoto nokha. Izi zitenga nthawi, koma zidzapulumutsa ndalama.

Yendetsani mosamala, tsatirani malamulo apamsewu, ndipo mudzapewa zinthu zosasangalatsa monga chindapusa.

Pewani kuyendetsa galimoto mwankhanza. Zotsatira zake, mudzawononga ndalama zochepa pamafuta, mafuta, kukonza ndi zida zosinthira. Iyi mwina ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito ndikusunga makina anu abwino.