Momwe mungayesere pampu yamafuta ndi multimeter

Galimoto yanu siyamba? Kodi nyali ya cheke yakhala ikuyatsidwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Ngati yankho lanu ku mafunso awa ndi inde, ndiye kuti pampu yanu yamafuta ingakhale vuto. 

Pampu yamafuta ndi gawo lamagetsi m'galimoto yanu yomwe imapereka injini ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta oyenera kuchokera ku tanki yamafuta kuti iziyenda bwino.

Ngati zili zoipa, makina anu oyatsira moto kapena galimoto yonse sikugwira ntchito.

Anthu ambiri sadziwa kuyesa gawo ili ndipo tili pano kuti tithandizire.

Tiyeni tiyambe.

Nchiyani chimapangitsa kuti pampu yamafuta izilephereka?

Poganizira momwe pampu yamafuta imagwirira ntchito, pali zinthu zitatu zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izilephereke. Izi ndizovala zachilengedwe, kuipitsa komanso kutentha kwambiri.

Kuvala ndi kung'ambika ndizofala kwa mapampu omwe akhala akuyenda kwa zaka mazana ambiri ndipo mwachibadwa amakhala okonzeka kusinthidwa chifukwa cha zida zofooka.

Kuipitsa kumapangitsa kuti zinyalala zambiri ndi dothi zilowe mu dongosolo la mpope wamafuta ndikutseka fyulutayo.

Izi zimalepheretsa chipangizocho kuti chisakoke ndikubweretsa mafuta okwanira ku injini ikafunika.

Kutentha kwambiri ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha kulephera kwa pampu yamafuta. 

Mafuta ambiri otengedwa mu thanki yanu amabwezeretsedwa mmenemo, ndipo madzimadziwa amathandiza kuziziritsa dongosolo lonse la mpope wamafuta. 

Pamene mafuta akuchepa nthawi zonse mu thanki, mumanyalanyaza kuzizira uku ndipo mpope wanu umavutika. 

Zigawo zake zamagetsi zimawonongeka pakapita nthawi, ndiyeno mumayamba kuzindikira zizindikiro zina monga kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa injini, kutentha kwa injini, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwamafuta, kusathamanga bwino, kapena kulephera kuyendetsa galimoto.

Zizindikirozi ndizofanana mukakhala ndi vuto kapena muyenera kuyang'ana chosinthira chanu choyatsira kapena PCM yanu.

Chifukwa chake, kuti muwonetsetse kuti mpope wanu ndi wolakwa, mumazindikira. 

Komabe, pali zinthu zina, monga cholumikizira pampu yamafuta, zomwe ndi zofunika kuziwona musanadumphire mu mpope wokha ndi multimeter.

Momwe mungayesere pampu yamafuta ndi multimeter

Relay ndi gawo lamagetsi pamakina anu oyatsira omwe amangopatsa mphamvu pampu yamafuta pakafunika.

Kuyang'ana relay ndi njira yovuta yoyenera kumvetsera, koma idzakupulumutsirani kupsinjika kwa kuyang'ana pampu yamafuta ngati vuto likupezeka pano.

Relay ili ndi zolumikizira zinayi; pini yapansi, pini yolowera mphamvu, pini yonyamula katundu (yomwe imapita ku pampu yamafuta), ndi pini ya batri.

Ndichidziwitso ichi, mukufuna kuwona ngati relay ikugwira ntchito bwino, ndikuyika mphamvu yoyenera. Zolumikizana zinayi izi ndizofunikira pamayesero athu.

1. Lumikizani pompano yamafuta kugalimoto yanu

Kupatsirana nthawi zambiri kumakhala mu bokosi la distributor fuse pafupi ndi batire yagalimoto kapena pa bolodi lagalimoto. 

Ikhoza kupezeka kwinakwake mgalimoto yanu, kotero mutha kusaka pa intaneti kuti muwone komwe kuli mtundu wagalimoto yanu.

Mukachipeza, mumangochimasula kuti muwonetse mapini anayiwo.

2. Pezani 12V Power Supply

Pakuyesa uku, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi akunja kuti mupereke ma volts 12 ku relay yanu. Tikufuna kutengera momwe zinthu zilili pamene ikulumikizidwa kugalimoto. Batire yagalimoto yanu ndi gwero lalikulu la 12V kuti mugwiritse ntchito.

3. Lumikizani ma multimeter amatsogolera ku batri ndi ma terminals

Ndi ma multimeter omwe adayikidwa pamtundu wamagetsi a DC, lumikizani choyesa chofiira ku terminal ya batri ndipo kuyesa kwakuda kumatsogolera potengera katundu.

4. Ikani mphamvu papampu yamafuta

Mudzafunika mawaya okhala ndi tatifupi za alligator kuti mulumikizane ndi magetsi olumikizirana. Samalani apa.

Lumikizani mawaya olakwika kuchokera kugwero kupita ku terminal yapansi ndi waya wabwino kupita kumalo olowera magetsi. 

5. Voterani zotsatira

Choyamba, muyenera kumva mawu akudina kuchokera pa relay nthawi iliyonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito panopa.

Ichi ndi chizindikiro kuti ikugwira ntchito, koma nthawi zina mumayenera kupanga macheke owonjezera ndi multimeter.

Kuyang'ana mita, ngati simukuwerenga mozungulira 12V, cholumikizira ndi cholakwika ndipo chiyenera kusinthidwa.

Kumbali ina, ngati muwona kuwerenga kwa 12 volt, relay ndi yabwino ndipo tsopano mukhoza kupita ku mpope wamafuta wokha.

Momwe mungayesere pampu yamafuta ndi multimeter

Lumikizani chotsogola chabwino cha multimeter ku waya wolumikizira pampu yamafuta, lumikizani njira yolakwika pamalo achitsulo pafupi, ndikuyatsa osayatsa injini. Multimeter iyenera kuwonetsa pafupifupi 12 volts ngati mpope ili bwino..

Njirayi imaphatikizapo zambiri, komanso magawo ena kuyesa pogwiritsa ntchito multimeter, ndipo tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

1. Onani fuse ya pampu yamafuta

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi relay, chigawo china chomwe mungathe kuchizindikira ndikuchotsani kupsinjika ndi fusesi.

Iyi ndi fusesi ya 20 amp yomwe ili m'bokosi lanu lolumikizirana (malo amadalira galimoto yanu).

Pampu yanu yamafuta sigwira ntchito ngati ili ndi fusesi yowonongeka, ndipo mutha kudziwa ngati fuse yanu ndi yoyipa ngati yathyoka kapena ili ndi chizindikiro chowotcha.

Mwinanso, multimeter ingakhalenso yothandiza.

Khazikitsani ma multimeter kuti mukanize, ikani ma probes a multimeter kumapeto kulikonse kwa fuse ndikuwunika kuwerenga.

Kukana mode nthawi zambiri kumatanthauzidwa ndi chizindikiro "Ohm".

Ngati multimeter ikuwonetsani "OL", dera la fusesi ndiloipa ndipo liyenera kusinthidwa.

Ngati mupeza mtengo pakati pa 0 ndi 0.5, fusesiyo ndi yabwino ndipo mutha kupita ku mpope wamafuta.

2. Khazikitsani ma multimeter kukhala voteji nthawi zonse

Galimoto yanu imayenda pa DC, kotero mufuna kuyika ma multimeter anu pamagetsi a DC kuti mayeso anu akhale olondola.

Kupita patsogolo, tidzayesa kuyesa kutsitsa kwamagetsi kuwiri pazolumikizira mawaya osiyanasiyana pa pampu yanu yamafuta.

Izi ndi cholumikizira mawaya amoyo ndi cholumikizira mawaya apansi.

3. Tembenuzirani kuyatsa kwa "On".

Tembenuzirani kiyi yoyatsira pamalo "On" osayambitsa injini.

Mumangofunika kupatsa mphamvu mawaya anu a pampu yamafuta kuti muyese mayeso ake.

4. Onani cholumikizira chamoyo 

Waya wamoyo ndi cholumikizira chomwe chimachokera ku relay. Zikuyembekezeka kukhala pamagetsi omwewo ngati batire yagalimoto, kotero mungafunike kutchula bukulo musanapitirize mayesowa.

Ngakhale izi, mabatire ambiri amagalimoto amavotera 12 volts, kotero timagwira nawo ntchito.

Ndi ma multimeter olumikizidwa ndi voteji ya DC, fufuzani mawaya abwino ndi pini ndikuyikapo mayeso ofiira amtundu wa multimeter.

Kenako mumayika kafukufuku wanu wakuda wakuda pazitsulo zilizonse zapafupi. 

Ngati mpope wamafuta ndi wabwino, kapena pali mphamvu yokwanira yamagetsi yomwe imayikidwa pa cholumikizira waya wamoyo, mungayembekezere kuwona kuwerengedwa kwa 12 volts. 

Ngati mtengo watsikira kupitilira 0.5V, pampu yamafuta yalephera kuyesa kutsitsa kwamagetsi ndipo iyenera kusinthidwa.

5. Yang'anani kulumikizana kwa waya

Waya wapansi ndi cholumikizira chomwe chimapita molunjika ku chassis yagalimoto yanu.

Mukufuna kuyesa kuti muwonetsetse kuti yakhazikika bwino komanso kuti palibe dera lotseguka kapena cholakwika pagawo la mpope wamafuta.

Pambuyo poyambitsa mayeso akuda kutsogolere kumtunda wachitsulo, gwirizanitsani kutsogolo kutsogolo kwa waya wapansi ndikugwirizanitsa mayeso ofiira kutsogolo kutsogolo. 

Mukuyembekezeka kupeza mtengo wa pafupifupi 0.1 volts kuchokera ku multimeter yanu.

Mtengo uliwonse pamwamba pa 0.5V umatanthauza kuti mpope wamafuta sunakhazikike bwino ndipo muyenera kuyang'ana mawaya kuti awonongeke.

Sinthani kapena kutsekereza zolumikizira mawaya ngati mutazipeza.

Pomaliza

Pokhapokha mutayang'anitsitsa mwatsatanetsatane mungathe kuyesa pampu yanu yamafuta mosavuta. Zofanana ndi kuyang'anira zigawo zina zamagetsi.

Mafunso ofunsidwa kawirikawiri

Kodi mpope wamafuta uyenera kupitilirabe?

Pampu yamafuta yathanzi ikuyembekezeka kukhala ndi kupitilira pakati pa mawaya abwino (amoyo) ndi oyipa (pansi). Pogwiritsa ntchito ma multimeter mu resistance (ohm) mode, mutha kuyang'ana mosavuta kuchuluka kwa kukana kapena kutseguka kuzungulira kuzungulira.

Ndi chiyani chomwe chingapangitse kuti pampu yamafuta isapeze mphamvu?

Fuse yowonongeka idzalepheretsa pampu yanu yamafuta kuti isagwire ntchito. Ngati mpope wopatsirananso wawonongeka, mpope wanu wamafuta sukupeza mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira kuti ziyende bwino.