Momwe mungayang'anire likulu

cheke chonyamula magudumu - phunzirolo ndi losavuta, koma limafuna chidziwitso ndi luso lina kuchokera kwa mwini galimoto. Kukhala ndi diagnostics chikhalidwe tingachite mu zinthu galaja ndipo ngakhale pa msewu. Chinanso ndi chakuti kung'ung'udza kochokera ku msonkhano wa hub sikungasonyeze nthawi zonse kuti ndi gudumu lonyamula magudumu lomwe lalephera.

Chifukwa chiyani hub ikukulira

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe kung'ung'udza kapena kugogoda kumawonekera m'dera la gudumu. Chifukwa chake, phokoso losasangalatsa la chiwongolero likhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kulephera pang'ono kwa ndodo, nsonga, cholumikizira cha mpira, midadada yopanda phokoso yovala, komanso kuchokera ku gudumu. Ndipo ndizomwe zimayambitsa hum nthawi zambiri.

Monga kunyamula magudumu, mtundu wotsekedwa wa mayendedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti poyendetsa galimoto, mchenga, dothi, fumbi ndi zinthu zina abrasive sangathe kuloledwa kulowa m'nyumba zonyamula. Ambiri, pali zifukwa zisanu ndi chimodzi, malingana ndi zomwe zingachitike pamene gudumu lonyamulira likulephera pang'ono ndikuyamba kugwedezeka.

1. Makilomita ofunikira. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachilengedwe cha kuvala mkati mwa nyumba yonyamula katundu, kumene mapiri a mpira amakula ndipo kubereka kumayamba kugogoda. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pambuyo makilomita zikwi 100 (malingana ndi galimoto yeniyeni, chizindikiro, chikhalidwe cha galimoto).
2. Kutaya kukanika. Nyumba yotsekedwa yamtundu wotsekedwa imakhala ndi mphira ndi / kapena zoyikapo zapulasitiki zomwe zimaphimba mipira yonyamula kuchokera kunja. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mkati mwake muli mafuta ochepa omwe amaonetsetsa kuti ntchito yake ikhale yabwino. Chifukwa chake, ngati zoyikazo zawonongeka, mafutawo amatuluka, ndipo kunyamula kumayamba kugwira ntchito "youma", ndipo motero, kuvala kwakuthwa kumachitika.
3. Kuyendetsa mosasamala. Ngati galimoto nthawi zambiri imawulukira mothamanga kwambiri m'maenje, maenje, amathamangira mumatope, ndiye kuti zonsezi zimaphwanya osati kuyimitsidwa kokha, komanso malo omwewo.
4. Kukanikiza kolakwika. Ichi ndi chifukwa chosowa kwambiri, komabe, ngati munthu wosadziwa (kapena wosaphunzira) adayikapo chonyamulira panthawi yokonzekera komaliza, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kuti chigawocho chinayikidwa mosasamala. Zikatero, node idzagwira ntchito makilomita zikwi zochepa chabe.
5. Mkondo womangitsa wa nati wolakwika. Zolemba zaukadaulo zamagalimoto nthawi zonse zimawonetsa momveka bwino ndi torque yomwe nati ya hub iyenera kumangirizidwa komanso nthawi zina momwe mungalimbitsire kuti musinthe hub. Ngati mtengo wa torque upitilira, ndiye kuti umayamba kutenthedwa poyendetsa, zomwe mwachilengedwe zidzachepetsa gwero lake.
6. Kuyenda m'madzi (madzi). Iyi ndi nkhani yosangalatsa kwambiri, yomwe ili mu mfundo yakuti posuntha, chilichonse, ngakhale chothandizira, chimatentha, ndipo izi ndi zachilendo. Koma poyendetsa m'madzi ozizira, mpweya mkati mwake umakhazikika ndipo umayamwa chinyontho m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu kudzera m'zisindikizo za rabara zosawundana kwambiri. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati chingamu ndi chakale kapena kungowola. Komanso, crunch palokha nthawi zambiri sichimawonekera nthawi yomweyo, koma imatha kuwoneka patatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, ikafika potengera kuti dzimbiri zimapangidwa, ngakhale zazing'ono.

Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa, palinso zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti hub ikhale yosweka poyendetsa:

• Zowonongeka pakupanga. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira pamayendedwe otsika mtengo opangidwa ku China kapena Russia. Izi zikhoza kufotokozedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kusamalidwa molakwika kwa miyeso ndi kulolerana, kusindikiza kwabwino kwambiri (chisindikizo), mafuta ochepa apadera.
• Kuthamanga kwa gudumu kolakwika. Izi mwachibadwa zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa katundu pa gudumu, zomwe zimafupikitsa moyo wake ndipo zingayambitse kuoneka kwa crunch mmenemo.
• Kugwira ntchito pafupipafupi kwagalimoto yodzaza kwambiri. Ngakhale galimoto ikuyendetsa m'misewu yabwino, siyenera kukhala yochuluka komanso / kapena nthawi zambiri yodzaza. Izi mofananamo zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa katundu pa mayendedwe ndi zotsatira zomwe zasonyezedwa pamwambapa.
• Matayala akulu kwambiri. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa jeep ndi magalimoto ogulitsa. Ngati m'mimba mwake ya tayala ndi yayikulu, ndiye kuti panthawi yowonjezereka, mphamvu yowonjezera yowononga idzachitapo kanthu. kutanthauza, malo oyambira.
• Zosokoneza ma shock absorbers. Pamene kuyimitsidwa zinthu za galimoto si bwino kupirira ntchito zawo, ndiye pamene akuyendetsa pa misewu zoipa, katundu pa mayendedwe likulu mu ndege ofukula kuwonjezeka, amene amachepetsa moyo wawo wonse. Choncho, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto kumagwira ntchito mwachizolowezi. Makamaka ngati makinawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'misewu yoipa komanso / kapena nthawi zambiri amadzaza kwambiri.
• kuwonongeka kwa ma brake system. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwa brake fluid ndi / kapena kutentha kwa brake disc (ng'oma) kumakhala kokwera, ndipo mphamvu ya kutentha imasamutsidwa ku gudumu. Ndipo kutentha kwambiri kumachepetsa gwero lake.
• kamber/toe-in zolakwika. Ngati mawilo aikidwa pamakona olakwika, ndiye kuti mphamvu zonyamula katundu zidzagawidwa molakwika kumayendedwe. Chifukwa chake, mbali imodzi yonyamula idzakhala yolemetsa.

Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa gudumu

Chifukwa choyang'ana mawilo agalimoto atha kukhala chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:

• Maonekedwe a hum (yofanana ndi "youma" crunch) kuchokera ku gudumu. Nthawi zambiri, kung'ung'udza kumawoneka pamene galimoto imadutsa liwiro linalake (nthawi zambiri mtengo uwu ndi pafupifupi 60 ... 70 km / h). Kung'ung'udza kumawonjezeka galimoto ikalowa mokhota, makamaka pa liwiro lalikulu.
• Nthawi zambiri, pamodzi ndi kung'ung'udza, kugwedezeka kumawonekera osati pa chiwongolero chokha, komanso pagalimoto yonse (chifukwa cha kugunda kwa bere), yomwe imamveka poyendetsa, makamaka pamsewu wosalala.
• Kutenthedwa kwa mkombero pagalimoto yayitali. Nthawi zina, brake caliper imatentha kwambiri mpaka mabuleki amatha kuwira.
• Kumanga magudumu. Kwa dalaivala, izi zimafotokozedwa m'njira yoti poyendetsa molunjika, galimotoyo ikuwoneka ngati "ikukoka" kumbali. Izi ndichifukwa choti kunyamula kovutirako kumachepetsa pang'ono gudumu lomwe likugwirizana nalo. Zizindikiro ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimawonekera pamene magudumu amayikidwa molakwika. Khalidwe ili ndiloopsa kale, chifukwa ngati gudumu lonyamula kupanikizana, limatha kuswa mgwirizano wa CV, ndipo mwachangu disk idzadula tayala!

Momwe mungayang'anire zinthu zomwe muli nazo

Pali njira zinayi zofunika zomwe aliyense wokonda galimoto angayang'ane momwe malo alili.

Kuwona ndege

Video momwe mungayang'anire mayendedwe a gudumu

Iyi ndiye njira yosavuta kwambiri ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyang'ana gudumu lomwe likuyenda kunja kwa garaja kapena msewu. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha izi muyenera kuyendetsa galimoto pamalo otsetsereka a asphalt (konkire). Kenako timatenga gudumu lamavuto pamalo ake okwera kwambiri ndi dzanja lathu ndikuyesera ndi mphamvu zathu zonse kulizunguza ndikusuntha kulichotsa kwa ife tokha. Ngati nthawi yomweyo pali kudina kwachitsulo - zikutanthauza kuti kubereka kwafika kumapetondipo iyenera kusinthidwa!

Pamene kudina kodziwikiratu sikumveka panthawi ya opaleshoni yotere, koma kukayikira kumakhalabe, muyenera kuyimitsa galimoto kumbali ya gudumu lomwe likuphunziridwa. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kusuntha gudumu pamanja (ngati ili ndi gudumu loyendetsa, ndiye kuti choyamba muyenera kuchotsa makina ku gear). Ngati pali phokoso lachilendo panthawi yozungulira, phokoso lokhala ndi phokoso kapena phokoso - ichi ndi chitsimikizo chowonjezera kuti malowa sali bwino. Ndi chiboliboli cholakwika pozungulira, zikuwoneka kuti gudumu silikhala bwino m'malo mwake.

komanso, pamene jacking mmwamba, mukhoza kumasula gudumu osati mu ndege ofukula, komanso yopingasa ndi diagonal. Izi zipereka zambiri. Mukugwedeza, samalani kuti makinawo asagwe pa jack! Choncho, muyenera kutenga mfundo zapamwamba ndi zapansi za gudumu ndi dzanja lanu ndikuyesera kuligwedeza. Ngati pali sewero, zidzawoneka.

Njira yofotokozedwerayi ndiyoyenera kuwunika ma mayendedwe akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo.

Kuyang'ana nkhokwe kuti ikutha

Chizindikiro chosalunjika cha ma hubs opunduka chidzakhala kugunda kwa pedal poyendetsa mabuleki. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa ma brake disc ndi hub wobble. Ndipo nthawi zina, chimbale cha brake chifukwa cha kutentha chokha chimakhala chopunduka pambuyo pa likulu. Kupatuka kwa ndege yowongoka ngakhale ndi 0,2 mm kumayambitsa kugwedezeka komanso kugunda mwachangu.

Chizindikiro chovomerezeka chovomerezeka sichiyenera kupitirira chizindikirocho 0,1 мм, ndipo nthawi zina mtengowu ukhoza kukhala wotsika - kuyambira 0,05 mpaka 0,07 mm.

Pamalo operekera chithandizo, kuthamangitsidwa kwa hub kumafufuzidwa ndi dial gauge. Kupimidwa kotereku kumatsamira ndege ya likulu ndikuwonetsa mtengo weniweni wa kuthamanga. M'magalasi, pamene palibe chipangizo choterocho, amagwiritsa ntchito screwdriver (amakulolani kuti mutsirize ngati likulu kapena disk igunda).

Ma algorithm owonera likulu la runout ndi manja anu adzakhala motere:

1. Chotsani gudumu lofunika.
2. Timatenga mutu ndi kolala, ndi thandizo lawo tidzatero kuzungulira gudumu ndi nati wa hub.
3. Timatenga screwdriver yathyathyathya, ndikuyipumula pachovala cha caliper ndikubweretsa ndi mbola kumalo ogwirira ntchito a brake disc yozungulira (pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwake). ziyenera kuchitidwa mozungulira mozungulira.
4. ngati diski ya brake ili ndi kutha, screwdriver idzasiya zokopa pamwamba pake. Ndipo osati mozungulira mozungulira, koma pa arc yomwe imatuluka mu ndege yopingasa.
5. disk iliyonse iyenera kufufuzidwa mbali zonse ziwiri.
6. Ngati malo "okhota" apezeka pa diski, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyichotsa pakhoma, kuzungulira madigiri 180 ndikukhazikitsanso pa hub. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imamangirizidwa bwino mothandizidwa ndi ma bolts okwera.
7. ndiye timabwereza ndondomeko yopezera zotupa pa disk test.
8. Ngati ngati arc-scratch yomwe yangopangidwa kumene ili pamwamba pa zomwe zidakokedwa kale - amatanthauza, chopindika brake disc.
9. Pankhani pamene, chifukwa cha kuyesera ma arcs awiri adapangidwaili pa litayamba moyang'anizana ndi mzake (ndi madigiri 180) njira khola lokhota.

Kwezani cheke

njira iyi ndi yabwino kwa magalimoto oyendetsa kutsogolo chifukwa ali ndi mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri a kutsogolo kuposa magalimoto akumbuyo. Komabe, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pozindikira magalimoto akumbuyo ndi onse.

kuti muwone mayendedwe a magudumu, muyenera kuyendetsa galimotoyo pakukwera, kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati, kuyatsa giya ndikufulumizitsa mawilo. Ndiye zimitsani injini ndi mvetserani momwe ma bearings amagwirira ntchito poyimitsa mawilo. Ngati mayendedwe aliwonse ali ndi vuto, ndiye kuti amamveka bwino ndi kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka pa gudumu linalake.

Momwe mungayang'anire hub pa jack (kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo)

Kaya gudumu likuyenda kapena ayi, mutha kuyang'ananso pa jack. Komanso, ndizofunikira kugwira ntchito mu garaja yotsekedwa kapena m'bokosi, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi phokoso lidzamveka bwino kuposa pamsewu. Timakweza galimotoyo mosinthana pansi pa lever ya limodzi la mawilo. Pamene simukudziwa kuti ndi gudumu liti lomwe likupanga phokoso, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe ndi mawilo akumbuyo, ndiyeno kutsogolo. izi zichitike motsatizana ndi mawilo a ekisi imodzi. Ndondomekoyi ili motere:

Momwe mungayang'anire gudumu lokhala ndi jack

1. Jambulani gudumu kuti muwonekere.
2. Timatembenuza mawilo akumbuyo pamanja (pagalimoto yakutsogolo) ndikumvetsera.
3. Kuti muwone mawilo akutsogolo, muyenera kukhumudwitsa clutch (pakutumiza kwamanja), yambitsani injini yoyaka mkati, gwiritsani ntchito zida za 5 ndikumasula bwino.
4. Pankhaniyi, gudumu inaimitsidwa adzazungulira pa liwiro lolingana pafupifupi 30 ... 40 Km / h.
5. Ngati chigawocho chawonongeka, ndiye kuti chidzamveka bwino kwa munthu amene waima pafupi nacho.
6. Pambuyo pa kuthamanga, mutha kuyika zida zosalowerera ndale ndikuzimitsa injini yoyaka mkati kuti gudumu liyime lokha. Izi zidzathetsa phokoso la injini yoyaka mkati.

Samalani pamene mukuyang'ana! Ikani galimoto pa handbrake ndipo makamaka pa gudumu chocks!

Samalanikuti simungathe kusiya galimotoyo motere kwa nthawi yayitali, njira yotsimikizira iyenera kutenga mphindi zingapo! M'galimoto yoyendetsa magudumu onse, ndikofunikira kuletsa kuyendetsa kwa ekisi yachiwiri. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti muyenera kungoyang'ana pamtunda, ndikupachika makina onse.

Momwe mungayang'anire momwe mukuyenda (cheke chakutsogolo)

N'zotheka kuzindikira mosadukiza kulephera kwa gudumu lonyamula mumsewu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupeza malo ophwanyika, makamaka opangidwa ndi miyala. Ndipo pa izo kukwera galimoto pa liwiro la 40 ... 50 km / h, pamene akulowa mokhota.

Chofunikira cha cheke ndikuti mukatembenukira kumanzere, pakati pa mphamvu yokoka yagalimoto imasunthira kumanja, ndipo potengera izi, katundu wowonjezera amayikidwa pa gudumu lakumanja. Nthawi yomweyo, imayamba kutulutsa phokoso lowonjezera. Potuluka pokhotera, phokosolo limatha. Momwemonso, mukatembenukira kumanja, gudumu lakumanzere liyenera kugwedezeka (ngati kuli kolakwika).

poyendetsa mumsewu wosalala, gudumu lolephera pang'ono limayamba kupanga phokoso pamene galimotoyo ikukwera liwiro linalake (nthawi zambiri phokoso limayamba kumveka pa liwiro la 60 km / h). Ndipo pamene ikufulumira, phokoso limawonjezeka. Komabe, ngati phokoso lotere likuchitika, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti musafulumire kwambiri. Choyamba, ndizosatetezeka, ndipo kachiwiri, zimabweretsanso kuvala kochulukirapo pakubera.

Makamaka momveka bwino phokoso limamveka poyendetsa pa phula losalala. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti poyendetsa pa phula coarse-grained phokoso la kukwera palokha likuwonekera ndithu, kotero izo zimangosokoneza phokoso la kubala. Koma poyendetsa pamtunda wabwino, phokoso limamveka "mu ulemerero wake wonse."

Kutentha kwa m'mphepete

Ichi ndi chizindikiro chosalunjika, koma mukhoza kumvetsera. Chifukwa chake, gudumu lowonongeka limatentha kwambiri pakagwira ntchito (kuzungulira). Kutentha komwe kumatuluka kumasamutsidwa ku mbali zachitsulo zoyandikana nayo, kuphatikizapo m'mphepete mwake. Choncho, poyendetsa galimoto, popanda kukanikiza cholembera cha brake (kuti musawotche chimbale cha brake), muyenera kuyimitsa ndikudutsa. Ngati disc ndi yofunda, ichi ndi chizindikiro chosalunjika cha kulephera kwa gudumu. Komabe, apa ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti matayala amawotchera paulendo, kotero njira iyi imachitidwa bwino nyengo yapakatikati (kasupe kapena autumn).

Chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati simusintha mawonekedwe akulira

Ngati phokoso lokayikitsa losasangalatsa likuwonekera pothamangira liwiro linalake kapena / kapena kulowa mokhota, malowa ayenera kufufuzidwa posachedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yokhala ndi gudumu losweka sikungovulaza galimoto, komanso koopsa!

Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani ngati gudumu kubala kupanikizana. bwino

Chifukwa chake, ngati simusintha mayendedwe olephera munthawi yake, izi zitha kuwopseza (kapena zingapo nthawi imodzi) zadzidzidzi:

• Zowonjezera katundu (kugwedezeka) pa galimotoyo, chiwongolero chake. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa gwero la magawo ndi misonkhano yawo.
• Kuthamangitsidwa kwa injini yoyaka mkati, mphamvu yake imachepetsedwa, zomwe zingayambitse, mwa zina, kuwonjezereka kwa mafuta.
• Ma brake fluid amatha kuwira chifukwa cha kutenthedwa kwa msonkhano wa brake. Izi zipangitsa kulephera pang'ono komanso ngakhale kulephera kwathunthu kwa ma braking system!
• Potembenuka, gudumu likhoza "kugona pansi", zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa galimoto. Pa liwiro, izi zikhoza kupha!
• Ndi kuvala kovuta, kunyamula kumatha kupanikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyimitsidwa kwa magudumu. Ndipo ngati zinthu ngati izi zikuchitika moyenda, zingayambitse ngozi yaikulu!

Ngati pazifukwa zina pakadali pano mulibe mwayi woti musinthe mwachangu ma hub, ndiye kuti phokoso likamamveka, mutha kuyendetsa mothamanga kwambiri, mpaka 40 ... 50 km / h, ndikuyendetsa osapitilira. 1000 Km. Kuthamanga mwachangu komanso kukwera nthawi yayitali kumakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri!