Momwe mungayesere PCM ndi multimeter

Magalimoto opangidwa m'zaka zamakono athandiza kuti moyo wathu ukhale wosavuta. Zida zamagetsi zomwe zinali mkati mwake zinali zothandiza kwambiri.

Kodi mungayang'anire bwanji injini ndi kutumiza, komanso makina ena agalimoto, ndikungodina batani losavuta? Chabwino, zikuyenera kuchita ndi PCM (Powertrain Control Module).

Nkhaniyi ikuwunikira mwachangu zina mwazinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ma multimeter kuti muzindikire. Tiyeni tiyambe.

Kodi PCM m'galimoto ndi chiyani?

Ndiwoyang'anira ophatikizana a Engine Control Unit (ECU) ndi Transmission Control Unit (TCU), makompyuta awiri ofunika kwambiri. Imadziwikanso kuti gawo lowongolera poyatsira (ICM) kapena gawo lowongolera injini (ECM).

Komabe, monga ndi gawo lina lililonse lamagetsi, mavuto a PCM anu mosapeŵeka kapena angachitike; ena ndi ovuta kwambiri kuposa ena.

Zizindikiro za PCM Yolakwika

Musanadumphire m'makina agalimoto yanu kuti muike manja anu mu PCM yanu, muyenera kutsimikiza kuti ili ndi vuto. Nazi zina mwa zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza PCM yosagwira ntchito;

• Nyali zochenjeza zayatsidwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo chizindikiro cha "check engine", chizindikiro chowongolera, ndi chizindikiro cha ABS.
• Kuwotcha kapena kusintha injini ntchito
• Kutopa kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri
• Kuvuta kuyambitsa galimoto chifukwa ikuchita chibwibwi kapena kusayambanso
• Kusamalidwa bwino kwa matayala
• Kutumiza kwa zida zoyipa

Izi ndi zina mwa zizindikiro zambiri zomwe zimatsagana ndi PCM yoyipa. Komabe, zomwe tatchulazi ndizofala kwambiri ndipo zimasonyeza vuto.

Kuyang'ana PCM ndi multimeter

Tsopano zikuwonekeratu kuti multimeter imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poyesa PCM yanu. Komabe, ichi si chida chokha chomwe mungafune. Zina mwa zida zina zofunika pakuzindikira koyenera komanso kokwanira ndizo:

• chowongolera pamutu 
• Kuwala
• OBD code scanner ndi
• PCM yatsopano ngati mungasinthe PCM pazovuta kwambiri

Nthawi zambiri, multimeter ndiyofunikira kwambiri mukamayang'ana batire ndi ma waya pamakina pamavuto. Koma musanayambe nawo, muyenera kuchita zoyambira;

1. Chitani kuyendera kowonekera

Kuyang'ana kowoneka ndikungoyang'ana injini ndi machitidwe kuti apeze zovuta zapamtunda. Pochita izi, mukufuna kumvetsera mawaya anu.

Mumayang'ana kuti muwonetsetse kuti mawaya anu sanadulidwe komanso alibe dzimbiri komanso dzimbiri.

Mumayang'ananso dzimbiri lambiri pa batri kapena PCM yokha. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu pa PCM kumatanthauza kuti mungafunike kusintha PCM yonse ndi yatsopano.

Akatsimikiziridwa, mumapita ku sitepe yotsatira, ndipo apa ndipamene ma multimeter amalowa.

2. Yang'anani batire

Mayeso a batri amagwirizana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya batire. Kutsika kwa batire kungayambitse kusokonezeka kwa sensor komwe kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito a PCM. 

Kuzindikira vuto pano kumakupulumutsirani kupsinjika kwambiri.

Zomwe mumachita ndi multimeter ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu ya batri ili pafupi ndi 12.6 volts injini ikazimitsidwa ndi pafupifupi 13.7 volts injini ikayatsidwa. 

Ngati zotsatira zanu ndi voteji negative, nayi kalozera mwamsanga mmene kukonza.

Ngati kuwerenga kutsika pansi pa manambala omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, mukupitiriza kulipiritsa batri ndikuyesanso.

Mukayesa batri, mumayika multimeter kukhala 15 kapena 20 volts, kutengera zomwe ili nazo. Mumachotsa pulagi iliyonse ya batri ndikulumikiza mayendedwe olumikizana ndi batri.

Chiwongolero chofiyira ku terminal yabwino ya batire ndi kutsogolera kwakuda ku terminal yoyipa ya batri.

Nayi kanema yomwe ikupereka chithunzi chowoneka bwino cha izi.

3. Gwiritsani ntchito scanner code ya OBD

Zomwe zili pamwambazi zikamalizidwa popanda zovuta, OBD Code Scanner iyamba kugwira ntchito.

Ndi scanner ya OBD, mumayang'ana galimoto yonse kuti muwone ma code olakwika a OBD. Mumangoyiyika mugalimoto yanu ndikuwerenga ma code.

Pali ma code angapo olakwika a OBD omwe ali ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana, kotero muyenera mwayi wowamasulira kudzera mu codebook kapena mwachindunji kuchokera ku Google.

Zizindikiro zolakwika za OBD zimawonetsa zovuta zamakina ndi zamagetsi. Kupeza kachidindo kogwirizana kwambiri ndi PCM yanu kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zolakwika ndipo kumapangitsa kuzindikira kukhala kosavuta. 

Mwachitsanzo, vuto la code P0201 limasonyeza kuti PCM ili ndi vuto ndi dera la jekeseni la silinda 1. Izi zimayambitsidwa ndi jekeseni wamafuta odzaza dothi, corrosion ya jekeseni wamafuta, kuwononga waya, kapena kugwirizana kosauka.

Ndiye kukonzedwa koyenera kumapangidwa. 

Pamodzi ndi ma code olakwika a P02, ma code olakwika a P06 ndiwonso ma code okhudzana ndi PCM.

Zachidziwikire, ngati scanner ya OBD sikupereka cholakwika cholozera ku PCM yanu, mukuyang'ana mbali zina zagalimoto yanu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito scanner ya OBD sikovuta monga momwe mungaganizire.

4. Yang'anani masensa anu ndi ma waya

Tsopano, multimeter ndiyofunikanso pano, ndipo zinthu zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi masitepe am'mbuyomu.

Pogwiritsa ntchito multimeter, mumayang'ana masensa omwe amalumikizidwa ndi PCM ndi mawaya ogwirizana nawo. Mumayang'ana zowerengera zoyipa za ma multimeter ndikusintha gawo lililonse lomwe likukumana ndi mavuto.

Mumayang'ananso mawaya apansi ndi kugwirizana kulikonse kogwirizana nawo. Iwo ndi achifwamba enieni.

Ngati mavuto apezeka pano ndipo zosintha zapangidwa ku masensa awa, ndiye kuti mumakhazikitsanso ma code agalimoto yanu ndikuwunika ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino.

Bwanji ngati zonsezi sizikuthetsa vuto lanu?

5. Sinthani PCM yanu

Iyi ndi sitepe yomaliza yomwe mutenge. Apa mukuyang'ana thandizo la akatswiri kuti mulowetse PCM yanu yonse ndikuwonetsetsa kuti PCM yatsopano yomwe mumagula ikugwirizana ndi galimoto yanu.

Kodi ikonza zonse?

Kumbukirani kuti muyenera kutsimikiza kuti PCM yanu ndiye amene akuyambitsa. Ngati sizili choncho, mwatsoka, zovuta zamakina agalimoto yanu zitha kupitilirabe.

Komabe, kutsatira izi mosamala ndi multimeter kuonetsetsa kuti nkhani zonse zokhudzana ndi PCM zathetsedwa.