Momwe mungayang'anire mavavu popanda kuchotsa mutu wa silinda

Kuwonongeka kwa mbale za valve kapena kutayirira kwawo pamipando chifukwa cha mwaye, kusintha kolakwika ndi skew kumabweretsa kutsika kwa psinjika ndi kuwonongeka kwa ntchito ya injini yoyaka mkati mpaka kulephera kwake. Mavuto omwewo amawonekera pakakhala kutenthedwa kwa pisitoni kapena mphete za pistoni, kupanga ming'alu ya cylinder block kapena kuwonongeka kwa gasket pakati pake ndi mutu. Kuti athetse vutoli molondola, m'pofunika disassemble galimoto, koma pali njira kufufuza mavavu popanda kuchotsa yamphamvu mutu.

M'nkhaniyi, tidzakuuzani momwe mungayang'anire kulimba kwa mavavu popanda kuchotsa mutu wa silinda, komanso njira zosavuta zodziwira nokha kupsa mtima ndi kusintha kolakwika popanda kusokoneza galimoto ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zodula.

Ndi liti pamene kuli kofunikira kuyang'ana ma valve popanda kusokoneza injini yoyaka mkati

Funso "momwe mungayang'anire momwe mavavu alili popanda kusokoneza injini yoyaka mkati?" Zofunikira pamene zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwoneka:

Momwe mungayang'anire kupsinjika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yachikale: kanema

• osagwirizana ntchito injini kuyaka mkati ( "katatu");
• kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ya injini;
• kutsika kwa kuyankha kwa throttle ndi kuthamanga kwamphamvu;
• ma pops amphamvu ("kuwombera") munjira yolowera ndi kutulutsa;
• kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mafuta.

Ena mwamavuto omwe ali pamwambapa amawonedwa ndi zovuta zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kuphwanya kulimba kwa chipinda choyaka moto, chifukwa chake. musanayang'ane momwe ma valve amagwirira ntchito, muyenera kuyeza kuponderezedwa.

Kuponderezana ndiko kukakamiza kwa silinda kumapeto kwa sitiroko yoponderezedwa. Mu injini yoyaka moto mkati mwagalimoto yamakono, ili osati pansi kuposa 10-12 atmospheres (malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe) potseguka throttle. Mtengo wokwanira wokwanira wa mtundu wina ukhoza kuwerengedwa mwa kuchulukitsa chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana ndi 1,4.

Ngati kuponderezana kuli koyenera, izi zikutanthauza kuti chipinda choyaka moto ndi cholimba ndipo ma valve sayenera kufufuzidwa., ndipo vutoli liyenera kufunidwa pamagetsi oyaka ndi magetsi a injini yoyaka mkati. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi zomwe zingayambitse, komanso momwe mungadziwire cylinder yovuta, ikufotokozedwa m'nkhani yakuti "N'chifukwa chiyani injini yoyaka moto imagwira ntchito."

Mlandu wapadera ndi lamba wosweka wanthawi pamitundu ina, pomwe izi zimadzaza ndi msonkhano wa pistoni wokhala ndi ma valve. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuyang'ana ngati mavavu akupindika musanayambe injini.

Momwe mungayang'anire mavavu popanda kuchotsa mutu wa silinda

Njira zowunikira ma valve popanda kuchotsa mutu wa silinda zimasankhidwa malinga ndi zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti zimayambitsa kusagwira ntchito bwino, komanso chida chomwe chilipo. Njira zodziwika kwambiri ndi izi:

Zizindikiro zazikulu zakupsa kwa ma valve: kanema

• kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa makandulo;
• kuyang'ana ma valve ndi masilindala pogwiritsa ntchito endoscope;
• kuzindikira kwa reverse kukankhira mu dongosolo la utsi;
• njira yosiyana - malinga ndi momwe ma pistoni alili ndi mphete zopondereza;
• diagnostics wa kukanika kwa chipinda choyaka moto;
• kuyeza kwa mipata kuti awone kulondola kwa kusintha kwawo;
• kuyang'ana geometry pozungulira crankshaft.

Momwe mungayang'anire kulondola kwa kusintha kwa valve

Vuto "momwe mungayang'anire ngati mavavu akukamira?" Zofunikira pamagalimoto okhala ndi injini zoyatsira mkati, momwe mtengo wamafuta amatenthetsera ma valve umayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira zapadera kapena ma washer. Ayenera kuyang'aniridwa pa 30-000 km iliyonse (maulendo enieni amadalira mtundu wa ICE) ndikusintha ngati kuli kofunikira. Kuyang'ana kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma probe okhala ndi phula la 80 mm kapena bala yokhala ndi micrometer.

Kuyang'ana ma valve ndi ma feeler gauges

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuziziritsa injini pa kutentha komwe kumayenera (nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 20 ° C), chotsani chivundikiro cha valve, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito chida choyezera kuti muwone ngati mipata imayenderana ndi kulolerana pazigawo zowongolera, sequentially. pa valve iliyonse. Zomwe zimapangidwira komanso kukula kwa mipata yovomerezeka zimadalira kusinthidwa kwa injini yoyaka mkati ndipo zimatha kusiyanasiyana ngakhale pamtundu womwewo.

Kuwonjezera pa periodicity ya kuthamanga ndi kuchepetsa kupanikizika, chizindikiro cha kufunikira koyang'ana mipata ndi kulira kwa nthawi "pa kuzizira", komwe kumatha pamene kutenthedwa. Kugwira ntchito kwa injini yoyaka mkati yokhala ndi zovomerezeka molakwika kumabweretsa kutenthedwa kwa mavavu ndi kupsa mtima kwawo.

M'mamodeli amakono okhala ndi injini zoyatsira mkati zokhala ndi ma hydraulic compensators, zololeza ma valve zimasinthidwa zokha.

Momwe mungayang'anire ma geometry a mavavu: opindika kapena ayi

Chifukwa chachikulu cha kuphwanya geometry ya mavavu, pamene ndodo zimayenda molingana ndi mbale, ndizokhudzana ndi ma pistoni chifukwa cha lamba wosweka nthawi.

Kuphwanya ma valve geometry

Zotsatira zotere sizofanana ndi mitundu yonse ndipo zimadalira mwachindunji mawonekedwe a injini yoyaka mkati. Mwachitsanzo, kwa injini anaika pa Kalina ndi Grants ndi index 11183, vuto ili si zogwirizana, koma zosintha kenako zitsanzo zomwezo ndi ICE 11186, msonkhano wa mavavu ndi pistoni pamene lamba yosweka ndi pafupifupi mosalephera.

Ngati makina ali pachiwopsezo atasintha lamba, musanayambe injini yoyaka mkati, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana ngati mavavu akupindika. Popanda disassembly, izi ndizosavuta kuchita potembenuza crankshaft pamanja pogwiritsa ntchito wrench yomwe imavalidwa pa bawuti yokwera pulley. Kuzungulira kwaulere kumasonyeza kuti ma valve ndi abwino kwambiri, kukana kowoneka kumasonyeza kuti geometry yawo yasweka. Komabe, ngati chilemacho chili chaching’ono, sikutheka kuchizindikira mwa njira imeneyi. Njira yodalirika ndiyo kuyesa kulimba kwa chipinda choyaka moto pogwiritsa ntchito choyesa mpweya kapena kompresa, zomwe zafotokozedwa pansipa.

Kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati yokhala ndi mavavu opindika kumatha kukulitsa zovuta - ndodo zopunduka ndi mbale zimatha kuwononga mutu wa silinda ndi pistoni, ndipo zidutswa zosweka zimatha kuwononganso makoma a silinda.

Momwe mungayang'anire ngati ma valve atenthedwa kapena ayi popanda kuchotsa mutu wa silinda

Ndi kutsika kwa psinjika mu silinda imodzi kapena zingapo, muyenera kuganizira momwe mungayang'anire thanzi la mavavu - kutenthedwa kapena ayi. Mutha kuwerenga za chifukwa chake ma valve amawotcha apa. Chithunzi chofananacho chikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kutentha kwa pisitoni kapena mphete zoponderezedwa, kuwonongeka kwa cylinder head gasket, ming'alu ya cylinder block chifukwa cha ngozi, ndi zina zotero. chifukwa chenicheni cha imfa ya psinjika. Cheke ichi chikhoza kuchitika m'njira zinayi, zomwe zafotokozedwa pansipa.

Kuyang'ana ma valve popanda kuchotsa mutu wa silinda ikuchitika poyamba kutsimikizira kapena kuchotsa kuwonongeka kwawo. Njira zina zingasonyeze zifukwa zina zochepetsera kupsinjika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuzindikiritsa m'malo mwa makina a valve sikungalole kuzindikira zolakwika zazing'ono m'magulu a cylinder-piston ndi valavu kumayambiriro.

Kuyang'ana ma valve popanda kusokoneza injini yoyaka mkati molingana ndi momwe makandulo alili

Spark plug yokutidwa ndi mwaye wamafuta - chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha kuwonongeka kwa pisitoni

Chofunikira cha njirayi ndikuwunika mowonekera pulagi ya spark yomwe idachotsedwa mu silinda ndi kuponderezedwa kochepa. Maelekitirodi ndi gawo la ulusi ndizouma - valavu yapsangati ali ndi mafuta kapena ophimbidwa ndi mwaye wakuda wamafuta, pisitoni yawonongeka kapena mphete zopopera mafuta zatha. Mkati mwa kandulo ukhoza kukhala mu mafuta chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zisindikizo za valve, komabe, mu nkhani iyi, makandulo onse adzakhala oipitsidwa, osati omwe ali muvuto lavuto. Kuzindikira kwa DVS ndi mtundu wa mwaye pa makandulo akufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ina.

Mawonekedwe: Njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa injini zamafuta okha, chifukwa chosowa ma spark plugs mu injini za dizilo.

Momwe mungayang'anire momwe mavavu alili ndi ndalama kapena pepala

Momwe mungayang'anire mavavu oyaka ndi pepala: kanema

Easy ndi fufuzani mwamsanga momwe ma valve alili, malinga ngati magetsi ndi magetsi akugwira ntchito, banki kapena pepala laling'ono la pepala wandiweyani lidzakuthandizani, lomwe liyenera kusungidwa pamtunda wa 3-5 masentimita kuchokera ku chitoliro chotulutsa chitoliro. Injini yoyatsira yamkati iyenera kutenthedwa ndikuyamba.

M'galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito, pepala la pepala lidzagwedezeka nthawi zonse, nthawi ndi nthawi kuchoka ku utsi pansi pa mphamvu ya mpweya wotuluka ndikubwerera ku malo ake oyambirira. Ngati pepalalo limayamwa nthawi ndi nthawi mu chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya, mwina limawotcha kapena kuphonya imodzi mwa mavavu.. Ponena za zomwe mapepala omwe amawonekera papepala akuwonetsa kapena kusakhalapo kwawo pa cheke chotere, nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kuyang'ana galimoto poigula pamanja.

Njira yofotokozerayi si yolondola kwambiri ndipo ndi yoyenera kuzindikiritsa koyamba kwa kayendedwe ka gasi m'munda, mwachitsanzo, pogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Sichikulolani kuti mudziwe kuti ndi vuto liti la silinda, siloyenera magalimoto omwe ali ndi chothandizira ndipo sagwira ntchito ngati mpweya wotulutsa mpweya ukutuluka, mwachitsanzo, muffler amawotchedwa.

Onetsani cheke ndi mafuta a injini ndi dipstick

Njira iyi yowunikira ma valve popanda kuchotsa mutu wa silinda imachokera ku kuthetsa mavuto ndi gulu la pistoni. Kutentha kwa pisitoni kumatha kuzindikirika polumikizana ndi choyezera cholumikizira chomwe chimayikidwa mu silinda kudzera pabowo la spark plug. Mavuto a mphete kapena khoma amathetsedwa mwa kuthira mafuta ocheperako mu silinda kudzera pabowo lomwelo, kuyikanso pulagi ya spark, ndikuyambitsa injini. Ngati pambuyo pake kupanikizika kumakwera, vuto siliri mu ma valve.: mafuta odzaza amadzaza kusiyana pakati pa pisitoni ndi makoma a silinda, momwe mpweya unathawira.

Njirayi ndi yosalunjika. Vuto lokhalo lokhala ndi mphete limachotsedwa ndendende, chifukwa ndizovuta kuzindikira kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa pisitoni ndi kafukufuku, kuwonjezera apo, mwayi wokhala ndi mutu wosweka wa silinda umakhala wosatsimikizika.

Kuwunika ma valve popanda kuchotsa mutu pogwiritsa ntchito endoscope

Kuwunika ma valve ndi masilindala okhala ndi endoscope

Endoscope imakulolani kuti muzindikire mavavu ndi masilindala popanda kusokoneza galimotoyo pogwiritsa ntchito kuwunika kowonekera. kuti muyang'ane ma valve, mudzafunika chipangizo chokhala ndi mutu wosinthasintha kapena nozzle ndi galasi.

Ubwino wa njirayi ndi kuthekera osati kungotsimikizira kukhalapo kwa vuto linalake, komanso kudziwa kuti ndi valavu iti yomwe yatenthedwa - kulowa kapena kutulutsa. Ngakhale endoscope yotsika mtengo yochokera ku ma ruble 500 ndiyokwanira pa izi. Pafupifupi zofanana ndi mtengo woyendera masilindala ndi chipangizo cha akatswiri pa siteshoni ya utumiki.

Njirayi ndi yabwino kokha pozindikira zolakwika zoonekeratu - ming'alu kapena tchipisi ta ma valve disc. Kusakhazikika kwa chishalo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kuzindikira.

Kuyang'ana chipinda choyaka moto ngati chikutuluka ndi choyesa mpweya kapena kompresa

Chimodzi mwazofunikira za mavavu ndikuwonetsetsa kulimba kwa chipinda choyaka moto pamtundu wa compression kuti pakhale kukakamizidwa kofunikira pakuyatsa ndi kuyaka kwa kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya.

Kuyang'ana injini yoyaka mkati ndi choyesa pneumatic: kanema

Ngati zawonongeka, mpweya ndi kusakaniza kwamafuta zimasweka mukumwa kapena kutulutsa kochulukirapo, chifukwa chake, mphamvu yofunikira siyimapangidwa kuti isunthe pisitoni ndipo ntchito yabwinobwino ya injini yoyaka mkati imasokonekera.

Pneumotester imalola kutsimikizira kukhalapo ndi chifukwa cha depressurization. Mtengo wa chipangizo choterocho umachokera ku ma ruble a 5, koma m'malo mwake mungagwiritse ntchito makina ochiritsira ochiritsira matayala omwe ali ndi mphamvu yopimira. Njira ina ndi diagnostics pa siteshoni utumiki, amene adzapempha kuchokera 000 rubles.

Momwe mungayang'anire momwe ma valve alili osachotsa mutu wa silinda pogwiritsa ntchito compressor kapena pneumatic tester:

1. Onetsetsani kuti ma valve clearance ali mwatsatanetsatane.
2. Sunthani pisitoni ya silinda yoyesedwa kupita pamwamba pakatikati pakufa pa sitiroko yoponderezedwa pozungulira crankshaft kapena gudumu loyendetsa mu giya yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi mowongoka (nthawi zambiri 5th).
   Mu zitsanzo ndi carburetor ICE, mwachitsanzo, VAZ 2101-21099, malo a slider kukhudzana ndi poyatsira distribuerar (wogawa) zingathandize kudziwa psinjika sitiroko - izo kuloza kwa mkulu-voteji waya kutsogolera yamphamvu lolingana.
3. Ikani kompresa kapena pneumotester ku dzenje la spark plug, kuwonetsetsa kulimba kwa kulumikizana.
4. Pangani kukakamiza kwa maatmospheres osachepera atatu mu silinda.
5. Tsatirani zowerengera pa manometer.

Mpweya usatuluke muchipinda choyaka chomatacho. Ngati kupanikizika kumachepa, timadziwa komwe kumachokera phokoso ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya - zidzasonyeza kuwonongeka kwapadera.

Njira yodutsira	kuswa
Kupyolera mu madyedwe osiyanasiyana	Valavu yolowera ikutuluka
Kupyolera mu utsi zobwezedwa zambiri kapena utsi chitoliro	Vavu yotulutsa mpweya ikutha
Kudzera pakhosi lodzaza mafuta	Mphete za pistoni zovala
Kudzera mu thanki yowonjezera	Wosweka yamphamvu mutu gasket