Momwe mungayang'anire jenereta kuti igwire ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito multimeter ndi njira zina

Netiweki yagalimotoyo imaphatikizapo gwero lamphamvu, ogula ndi chipangizo chosungira. Mphamvu yofunikira imatengedwa kuchokera ku crankshaft kudzera pa lamba kupita ku jenereta. Battery yosungirako (ACB) imasunga magetsi pa intaneti pamene palibe chotuluka kuchokera ku jenereta kapena sikokwanira kupatsa mphamvu ogula.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso ndalama zomwe zidatayika, zomwe zitha kupewedwa ndi kulephera kwa jenereta, chowongolera, kusintha kapena waya.

Njira yolumikizira batri ndi jenereta ndi choyambira

Dongosololi ndi losavuta, loyimira netiweki ya DC yokhala ndi voliyumu ya 12 volts, ngakhale pakugwira ntchito imathandizidwa pang'ono, pafupifupi ma volts 14, omwe amafunikira kulipira batire.

Kapangidwe kameneko ndi:

• alternator, nthawi zambiri dynamo ya magawo atatu yokhala ndi rectifier yomangidwa, relay-regulator, mafunde osangalatsa mu rotor ndi ma windings amphamvu pa stator;
• batire ya mtundu wa lead-acid starter, wopangidwa ndi maselo asanu ndi limodzi olumikizidwa motsatizana ndi madzi, gley kapena electrolyte yomwe imalowetsa porous;
• mawaya amphamvu ndi owongolera, mabokosi a relay ndi fuse, nyali yoyendetsa ndi voltmeter, nthawi zina ammeter.

Jenereta ndi batri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi dera loperekera mphamvu. Mlanduwu umayendetsedwa ndi kukhazikika kwamagetsi pamaneti pamlingo wa 14-14,5 Volts, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti batire imayendetsedwanso mpaka kufika pamlingo waukulu, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kutha kwa kuyitanitsa komweko chifukwa cha kukula kwa EMF yamkati. batire monga mphamvu achuluka.

The stabilizer pa majenereta amakono amamangidwa mu mapangidwe awo ndipo nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi msonkhano wa burashi. Dongosolo lophatikizika lomwe limapangidwira limayesa voteji pamaneti ndipo, kutengera mulingo wake, limawonjezera kapena kumachepetsa kusangalatsa kwa jenereta kudzera pakuyenda kwa rotor mumayendedwe ofunikira.

Kulankhulana ndi mapindikidwe kumachitika kudzera pa kugwirizana kozungulira mu mawonekedwe a lamellar kapena mphete ndi maburashi zitsulo-graphite.

Momwe mungachotsere alternator ndikusintha maburashi Audi A6 C5

Rotor yozungulira imapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale mafunde a stator. Izi ndi zozungulira zamphamvu, zogawidwa ndi ngodya yozungulira mu magawo atatu. Aliyense wa iwo amagwira ntchito pamapewa ake a diode rectifier mlatho mu magawo atatu chiwembu.

Nthawi zambiri, mlathowu umakhala ndi mapeyala atatu a ma silicon diode kuphatikiza atatu owongolera mphamvu zochepa kuti apereke magetsi, amayezeranso mphamvu yamagetsi yowongolera pa intaneti yaposachedwa.

Kakomedwe kakang'ono ka magetsi okonzedwanso a magawo atatu amasinthidwa ndi batri, kotero kuti pakalipano pa intaneti ndi pafupifupi nthawi zonse komanso yoyenera kupatsa mphamvu wogula aliyense.

Momwe mungadziwire ngati ndalama zikuchokera ku alternator kupita ku batri

Kuwonetsa kusakhalapo kwa kulipiritsa, kuwala kofiira kofananira pa dashboard kumapangidwa. Koma sikuti nthawi zonse amapereka chidziwitso pa nthawi yake, pakhoza kukhala zochitika zina zolephera. Voltmeter idzawonetsa momwe zinthu zilili molondola.

Nthawi zina chipangizochi chimapezeka ngati zida zokhazikika zagalimoto. Koma mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter. Mphamvu yamagetsi pamaneti omwe ali pa bolodi, omwe amafunikira kuyeza molunjika pamabowo a batri, ayenera kukhala osachepera 14 volts ndi injini ikuyenda.

Zitha kusiyanasiyana kutsika pang'ono ngati batire yazimitsidwa pang'ono ndipo itenga mphamvu yayikulu. Mphamvu ya jenereta ndi yochepa ndipo voteji idzagwa.

Atangoyamba kuthamanga, batire ya EMF imachepa, kenako imachira pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikizidwa kwa ogula amphamvu kumachepetsa kubwezeredwa kwa mtengowo. Kuwonjezera matembenuzidwe kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa netiweki.

Ngati magetsi akutsika ndipo sakuwonjezeka, jenereta siigwira ntchito, batire imatuluka pang'onopang'ono, injini idzayima ndipo sizingatheke kuiyambitsa ndi choyambira.

Kuyang'ana mbali ya makina a jenereta

Ndi chidziwitso ndi luso lina, jenereta ikhoza kubwezeretsedwa paokha. Nthawi zina popanda ngakhale kuchotsa mgalimoto, koma ndi bwino kuswa ndi pang'ono disassemble.

Zovuta zimatha kubwera pokhapokha mutamasula mtedza wa pulley. Mudzafunika wrench yamphamvu kapena vise yayikulu. Pogwira ntchito ndi nati, ndizotheka kuyimitsa rotor kokha ndi pulley, mbali zina zonse zidzakhala zopunduka.

Kuwona zowoneka

Pazigawo za jenereta pasakhale zizindikiro zoyaka, kusinthika kwa zigawo zapulasitiki ndi zizindikiro zina za kutenthedwa kwakukulu.

Kutalika kwa maburashi kumatsimikizira kukhudzana kwawo kolimba ndi wokhometsa, ndipo amayenera kusuntha pansi pa akasupe a clamping popanda kupanikizana ndi kukwatiwa.

Palibe makutidwe ndi okosijeni pamawaya ndi ma terminals, zomangira zonse zimakhazikika bwino. Rotor imazungulira popanda phokoso, kubweza mmbuyo ndi kupanikizana.

Ma bearings (bushings)

Ma rotor bearings amadzaza kwambiri ndi lamba woyendetsa. Izi zimakulitsidwa ndi liŵiro lapamwamba lozungulira, pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa la crankshaft.

Mibadwo yothira mafuta, mipira ndi makola amakhudzidwa ndi kupindika - kutopa kwachitsulo. Kubereka kumayamba kupanga phokoso ndi kugwedezeka, zomwe zimawonekera bwino pamene pulley imazungulira ndi dzanja. Zigawo zotere ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Kuyang'ana gawo lamagetsi la jenereta ndi multimeter

Zambiri zitha kupezeka poyendetsa jenereta ndi voltmeter, ammeter ndi katundu pamayimidwe, koma muzochitika zamasewera izi sizowoneka. Nthawi zambiri, kuyesa kwa static ndi ohmmeter, yomwe ili gawo la multimeter yotsika mtengo, ndi yokwanira.

Mlatho wa diode (wokonzanso)

Ma diode a Bridge ndi zipata za silicon zomwe zimayenda kutsogolo ndipo zimatsekedwa pamene polarity yasinthidwa.

Ndiko kuti, ohmmeter mu njira imodzi idzawonetsa mtengo wa dongosolo la 0,6-0,8 kOhm ndi kupuma, ndiko kuti, infinity, mosiyana. Ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti gawo limodzi silinatsekedwe ndi lina lomwe lili pamalo omwewo.

Monga lamulo, ma diode samaperekedwa padera ndipo sasintha. Msonkhano wonse wa mlatho ukhoza kugulidwa, ndipo izi ndi zomveka, chifukwa zigawo zotenthedwa zimawononga magawo awo ndipo zimakhala ndi kutentha kosakwanira kwa mbale yozizirira. Apa kukhudzana kwamagetsi kwasweka.

Chozungulira

Rotor imayang'aniridwa ngati ikukana (mwa kulira). Mapiritsi ali ndi ma ohm angapo, nthawi zambiri 3-4. Siyenera kukhala ndi mabwalo amfupi pamlanduwo, ndiye kuti, ohmmeter iwonetsa zopanda malire.

Pali kuthekera kwa kutembenuka kwafupipafupi, koma izi sizingawunikidwe ndi ma multimeter.

 Sitimayi

Ma stator windings amamveka mofanana, apa kukana kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuonetsetsa kuti palibe zopumira ndi mabwalo amfupi pamlanduwo, nthawi zambiri izi ndizokwanira, koma osati nthawi zonse.

Milandu yovuta kwambiri imafunikira kuyezetsa pamalopo kapena poyisintha ndi gawo lodziwika bwino.

Battery charging voltage regulator relay

Ohmmeter ilibe ntchito pano, koma mukhoza kusonkhanitsa dera kuchokera kumagetsi osinthika, multimeter voltmeter ndi babu.

Nyali yolumikizidwa ndi maburashi iyenera kuyatsa pamene magetsi operekera pa chipangizo chowongolera atsika pansi pa 14 volts ndikutuluka mopitilira muyeso, ndiye kuti, sinthani mafunde osangalatsa pamene mtengo wadutsa.

Maburashi ndi mphete zozembera

Maburashi amayendetsedwa ndi zotsalira za kutalika ndi ufulu woyenda. Ndiutali waufupi, mulimonsemo, ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi zatsopano pamodzi ndi chowongolera cholumikizira, izi ndizotsika mtengo, ndipo zida zosinthira zilipo.

Kuchuluka kwa ma rotor sikuyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoyaka kapena zozama kwambiri. Kuipitsidwa kwakung'ono kumachotsedwa ndi sandpaper, ndipo ndi chitukuko chakuya, wosonkhanitsa akhoza kusinthidwa nthawi zambiri.

Kukhalapo kwa kukhudzana kwa mphete ndi mafunde kumafufuzidwa ndi ohmmeters, monga momwe zikuwonetsera muyeso la rotor. Ngati mphete zowonongeka sizikuperekedwa, msonkhano wa rotor umasinthidwa.