Momwe mungayang'anire kukhulupirika ndi multimeter

Ndikugwira ntchito mumakampani awa, ndidaphunzira kuti ma multimeter ndi ofunikira. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi multimeter ndikuyesa kupitiliza. Ngati simunadziwe, kuyesa kopitilira ndikofunikira pamene kumayang'ana kuti awone ngati waya kapena lupu pa PCB wathyoka.

Katswiri aliyense wamagetsi wa DYIR'er akuyenera kuphunzira momwe angayesere mosalekeza ndi ma multimeter omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa zida zamagetsi ndi ma circuitry m'njira zosiyanasiyana miliyoni. Tsatirani malangizowa kuti mudziwe momwe mungayang'anire kupitiliza ndi ma multimeter.

Kupanga kwa Multimeter

Sunthani kuyimba kwa ma multimeter ku ntchito yoyeserera kuti mugwiritse ntchito kuyesa kopitilira muyeso kwa multimeter. Muyenera kumva beep momveka bwino pamene multimeter kit ikutsogolera kukhudza. Musanayesere, gwirani nsongazo pang'onopang'ono ndikumvetsera beep. Muyenera kuchita izi kuti muwonetsetse kuti multimeter's continuity check function ikugwira ntchito bwino.

Kupitiliza kufufuza

Kuyesa kopitilira kumatsimikizira ngati zinthu ziwiri zalumikizidwa ndi magetsi: ngati zili choncho, magetsi amatha kuyenda momasuka kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kwina. (1)

Pali kupuma kwinakwake mu waya ngati palibe kupitiriza. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha fuse yomwe yawonongeka, kusasunthika kosakwanira, kapena waya wolakwika.

Tsopano, kuti muyese bwino kupitiliza, chitani izi:

1. Choyamba onetsetsani kuti palibe mphamvu yodutsa dera kapena chipangizo chomwe mukufuna kuyesa. Chotsani mabatire onse, zimitsani ndi kuwamasula pakhoma.
2. Lumikizani chowongolera chakuda ku doko la multimeter's COM. Ndipo muyenera kuyika kafukufuku wofiyira padoko la VΩmA.
3. Khazikitsani multimeter kuti muyese kupitiliza ndikuyatsa. Nthawi zambiri amawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha mafunde.
4. Muyenera kuyika kafukufuku wina kumapeto kwa dera kapena chipangizo chomwe mukufuna kuyesa kuti chipitirize.
5. Kenako dikirani zotsatira.

Kumvetsetsa Zotsatira Zakuyesa Kupitiliza

Multimeter imalowetsa kachingwe kakang'ono kudzera mu kafukufuku wina ndikuwunika ngati kafukufuku wina akulandira.

Zilibe kanthu kuti kafukufukuyu wakhudza kuti chifukwa chiyani muyeso wopitilira siwolunjika, komabe pali zina, mwachitsanzo ngati dera lanu lili ndi diode. Diode ndi yofanana ndi valavu yamagetsi ya njira imodzi yomwe imasonyeza kupitiriza kumbali imodzi koma osati kumbali inayo.

Mphamvu yoyesera imadutsa ngati ma probe amalumikizidwa mozungulira mosalekeza kapena polumikizana mwachindunji. Ma multimeter amalira ndikuwonetsa ziro (kapena kuyandikira zero). Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali lingaliro la kupitiriza.

Palibe kupitiriza ngati mphamvu yoyesa siidziwika. Chiwonetserocho chiyenera kusonyeza 1 kapena OL (lopu lotseguka).

Zindikirani. Kupitilira kwina kwina sikupezeka pa ma multimeter onse. Komabe, mutha kuyesabe kuyesa ngati multimeter yanu ilibe njira yoyesera yopitilira.

M'malo mwake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kukana. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatanthauzidwa ndi chizindikiro cha Ohm (Ohm). Musaiwale kukhazikitsa nkhope ya wotchi yotsika kwambiri.

Mayeso a Voltage

Mukasanthula momwe mabwalo amagetsi ndi zamagetsi amagwirira ntchito, kapena kuyesa kudziwa chifukwa chake dera silikuyenda bwino, muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwamagetsi osiyanasiyana. 

1. Lumikizani chowongolera chakuda ku doko la multimeter's COM. Lowetsani kafukufuku wofiyira padoko la VΩmA.
2. Khazikitsani kuyimba kwa ma multimeter kukhala mawonekedwe amagetsi osasintha (omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi V okhala ndi mzere wowongoka kapena chizindikiro ⎓).
3. Choyimira chabwino chiyenera kukhudzana ndi kafukufuku wofiyira, pomwe choyimira cholakwika chiyeneranso kukhudzana ndi kafukufuku wakuda.
4. Ndiye dikirani zotsatira.

Kumvetsetsa Zotsatira za Mayeso a Voltage

Ngakhale ma multimeter ambiri alibe mtundu wamagalimoto, muyenera kusankha pamanja mtundu woyenera kuti magetsi akuyezedwe.

Mpweya wochuluka womwe ungathe kuyeza walembedwa pa malo aliwonse pa dial. Gwiritsani ntchito mulingo wa 20 volt, mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kuyeza ma volt 2 koma osakwana 20.

Ngati simukutsimikiza, sankhani mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, simungapeze chiyerekezo cholondola ngati mulingo wanu wakhazikitsidwa kwambiri. Kumbali inayi, ma multimeter amangowonetsa 1 kapena OL ngati muyika mtunduwo wotsika kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zadzaza kapena zatha. Izi sizingapweteke ma multimeter, koma tifunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuyimba.

Kutembenuza ma probe sikungakuvulazeni; izi zidzangobweretsa kuwerengera kolakwika.

Kukana kuyesa

Kuthamanga kwa mphamvu komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku dera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera kukana. Pamene panopa ikuyenda ku dera loyesedwa, magetsi (kukaniza) amapangidwa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuti mudziwe momwe dera kapena gawo likuyenda bwino. Kutsika kwamakono, kumakhala koyenera kwambiri kukana, ndi mosemphanitsa.

Kumbukirani kuti mudzakhala mukuyesa kukana kwa dera lonse. Ngati mukufuna kuyesa chigawo chimodzi, monga resistor, chitani popanda soldering.

Werengani momwe ndikukuwuzani momwe mungayesere kukana ndi multimeter:

1. Onetsetsani kuti mphamvu sizikudutsa dera kapena gawo lomwe mukufuna kuyesa poyamba. Tengani mabatire aliwonse, zimitsani ndi kuwachotsa pakhoma.
2. Lumikizani chowongolera chakuda ku doko la multimeter's COM. Lowetsani kafukufuku wofiyira padoko la VΩmA.
3. Khazikitsani multimeter ku ntchito yotsutsa ndikuyatsa.
4. Kufufuza kumodzi kumayenera kumangirizidwa kumapeto kwa dera kapena gawo lomwe mukufuna kuyesa.

Kumvetsetsa Zotsatira za Resistance Test

Kukaniza sikuli kolunjika; choncho, zilibe kanthu kuti kafukufukuyu akupita kuti.

Ma multimeter amangowerenga 1 kapena OL ngati muyiyika pamalo otsika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti yadzaza kapena yatha. Izi sizikhudza ma multimeter, koma tifunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuyimba.

Kuthekera kwina ndikuti netiweki kapena chipangizo chomwe mukuchiyesa chilibe kupitiliza, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ili ndi kukana kosatha. Kulumikizana kwakanthawi kumawonetsa 1 kapena OL nthawi zonse mukamayang'ana kukana.

Chitetezo

Kuyeza kupitiriza ndi kophweka, koma musalole kuphweka kumeneko kukulepheretsani chitetezo chanu. Kuti muteteze ku mantha ndi kuteteza multimeter kuti isawonongeke, tsatirani malangizo awa:

• Nthawi zonse valani magolovesi abwino oteteza mukamagwiritsa ntchito multimeter.
• Zimitsani chidacho nthawi zonse poyesa kupitiliza.
• Ngati kuyang'ana kupitiriza ndi ntchito yachizolowezi kwa inu, onetsetsani kuti mumasintha mabatire anu a multimeter nthawi zonse. Phokoso la buzzing limachepetsa mphamvu ya batri mwachangu. (2)

Mutha kupeza maupangiri ena oyesa ma multimeter pamndandanda womwe uli pansipa;

• Momwe mungayesere ma amps ndi multimeter
• Momwe mungapezere dera lalifupi ndi multimeter
• Momwe mungayesere magetsi a DC ndi multimeter

ayamikira

(1) mtengo wamagetsi - https://www.livescience.com/53144-electric-charge.html

(2) mphamvu ya batri - http://www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/~dmh/ptialcd/

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