Momwe mungayang'anire batri yagalimoto

Funso "momwe mungayang'anire batire lagalimoto"Zimawonekera, nthawi zambiri, pawiri: pogula batri yatsopano kapena ngati kuwonongeka kwa batri kuli kale pansi pa hood. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti batireyo ikhale yocheperako kapena kungowonjezera batire.

Kuchulukirachulukira kumachitika chifukwa cha sulfite ya mbale za batri, zomwe zimawonekera ndi maulendo pafupipafupi pamipata yaifupi, kulumikizidwa kolakwika kwa generator voltage regulator, ndikuyatsa kutentha.

Kuchulukirachulukira kumawonekeranso chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa voteji regulator, pokhapokha ngati ili ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo kuchokera ku jenereta. Zotsatira zake, mbale zimaphwanyidwa, ndipo ngati batire ndi yamtundu wopanda kukonza, imathanso kusinthidwa ndi makina.

Momwe mungayang'anire batri ndi manja anu

Ndipo kotero, momwe mungayang'anire thanzi la batri lagalimoto?

Kuzindikira kwa batri - kuyang'ana voteji, mulingo ndi kachulukidwe.

Mwa njira zonsezi, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu wamba ndikungoyang'ana batire yagalimoto ndi tester ndikuyiyang'ana, chabwino, kupatula kuyang'ana mkati (ngati batire ikuyendetsedwa) kuti muwone mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa electrolyte. Ndipo kuti muwone bwino batire lagalimoto kuti ligwire ntchito kunyumba, muyeneranso densimeter ndi pulagi yonyamula katundu. Mwanjira iyi yokha chithunzi cha mkhalidwe wa batri chidzakhala chomveka bwino momwe zingathere.

Choncho, ngati palibe zipangizo zoterezi, ndiye kuti zochita zochepa zomwe zimapezeka kwa aliyense ndizogwiritsa ntchito multimeter, wolamulira ndikugwiritsa ntchito ogula nthawi zonse.

Momwe mungayang'anire batri ndi manja anu

kuti muwone batire popanda zida zapadera, muyenera kudziwa mphamvu yake (titi, 60 Ampere / ola) ndikuyiyika ndi ogula ndi theka. Mwachitsanzo, polumikiza mababu angapo molumikizana. Ngati pambuyo pa mphindi 5 za opareshoni zinayamba kuyaka mopepuka, ndiye kuti batire silikugwira ntchito momwe iyenera kukhalira.

Monga mukuonera, cheke kunyumba yotereyi ndi yakale kwambiri, kotero simungathe kuchita popanda malangizo amomwe mungadziwire zenizeni za batire la makina. Tiyenera kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane mfundo ndi njira zonse zotsimikizira zomwe zilipo, mpaka kuyeza kuchuluka kwa electrolyte ndikuyesa katunduyo ndikutsanzira choyambira.

Momwe mungawonere batire

Yang'anani chikwama cha batri kuti muwone ming'alu yomwe ili muchombocho komanso kutulutsa kwa electrolyte. Ming'alu imatha kuchitika m'nyengo yozizira ngati batire ili lotayirira ndipo ili ndi pulasitiki yosalimba. Chinyezi, dothi, utsi kapena ma electrolyte streaks amasonkhanitsa panthawi yogwira ntchito pa batri, yomwe, pamodzi ndi ma terminals oxidized, imathandizira kudziletsa. Mutha kuwona ngati mukulumikiza kafukufuku wina wa voltmeter ku "+", ndikujambula yachiwiri pamwamba pa batri. Chipangizocho chidzawonetsa kuti magetsi odzipangira okha ali pa batri inayake.

Kutulutsa kwa electrolyte kumatha kuthetsedwa ndi yankho la alkaline (supuni ya tiyi ya soda mu kapu yamadzi). Ndipo ma terminals amatsukidwa ndi sandpaper.

Momwe mungayang'anire kuchuluka kwa electrolyte mu batri

Mulingo wa electrolyte umawunikidwa pamabatire okhawo omwe atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti muwone, muyenera kutsitsa chubu lagalasi (lokhala ndi zolembera) mu dzenje la batire. Mukafika pa ma mesh olekanitsa, muyenera kutsina chakumtunda kwa chubu ndi chala chanu ndikuchikoka. Mulingo wa electrolyte mu chubu udzakhala wofanana ndi mulingo wa batri. Normal mlingo 10-12mm pamwamba pa mbale za batri.

Miyezo yotsika ya electrolyte nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi "chithupsa". Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuwonjezera madzi. Electrolyte imakwezedwa pokhapokha ngati pali chidaliro kuti, mwanjira ina, idatayika ndi batri.

Momwe mungayang'anire kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte a batri

Kuti muyese kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe ka electrolyte, mudzafunika makina a hydrometer. Iyenera kutsitsidwa mu dzenje lodzaza batire ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito peyala, sonkhanitsani kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte kotero kuti zoyandama zimalendewera momasuka. Kenako yang'anani pamlingo wa hydrometer.

Mbali ya muyeso uwu ndi yakuti kachulukidwe ka electrolyte mu batire m'nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe m'madera ena adzakhala osiyana malinga ndi nyengo ndi pafupifupi tsiku kutentha kunja. Gome ili ndi deta yomwe iyenera kutsogoleredwa.

Nthawi ya chaka	Kutentha kwapakati pamwezi mwezi wa Januware (kutengera dera lanyengo)	Batire yodzaza kwathunthu	Battery yatsika
pa 25%	pa 50%
-50°С…-30°С	Zima	1,30	1,26	1,22
	Chilimwe	1,28	1,24	1,20
-30°С…-15°С	Chaka chonse	1,28	1,24	1,20
-15 ° С ... + 8 ° С	Chaka chonse	1,28	1,24	1,20
0°С…+4°С	Chaka chonse	1,23	1,19	1,15
-15 ° С ... + 4 ° С	Chaka chonse	1,23	1,19	1,15

Momwe mungayang'anire batire yagalimoto ndi multimeter

Kuti muwone batire ndi ma multimeter, muyenera kusinthira chomalizacho kuti chikhale choyezera voteji nthawi zonse ndikuyika mtundu womwe uli pamwamba pamtengo wokwera kwambiri wa batire yoyipitsidwa. ndiye muyenera kulumikiza kafukufuku wakuda ku "minus", ndi wofiira ku "plus" wa batri ndikuwona zowerengera zomwe chipangizocho chidzapereka.

Mphamvu ya batri sayenera kukhala pansi pa 12 volts. Ngati voteji ndi yotsika, ndiye kuti batire imatulutsidwa kuposa theka ndipo iyenera kulipiritsidwa.

Kutaya kwathunthu kwa batire kumadzaza ndi sulphation ya mbale.

Kuyang'ana batire ndi injini ikuyenda

Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana batire ndi injini yoyaka mkati yomwe ikuyenda pozimitsa zida zonse zowononga mphamvu - chitofu, zoziziritsa kukhosi, wailesi yagalimoto, nyali zakutsogolo, ndi zina zambiri. Cheke ikuchitika monga muyezo, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.

Mafotokozedwe a ma multimeter omwe ali ndi batri yogwira ntchito akuwonetsedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.

Chiwonetsero choyesera, Volt	Kodi izi zikutanthauzanji?
<13.4	Magetsi otsika, batire silinaperekedwe mokwanira
13.5 - 14.2	Kuchita bwino
> 14.2	Kuwonjezeka kwamagetsi. kawirikawiri zimasonyeza kuti batire ndi otsika

undervoltage kusonyeza batire yotsika. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha ma alternator osagwira ntchito / osagwira bwino ntchito kapena kulumikizana ndi okosijeni.

Mphamvu yamagetsi kuposa yachibadwa nthawi zambiri amawonetsa batire yotulutsidwa (izi zimachitika pakapita nthawi yayitali, kapena nthawi yachisanu). kawirikawiri, 10-15 mphindi pambuyo recharging, voteji amabwerera mwakale. Ngati sichoncho, vuto liri mu zipangizo zamagetsi za galimoto, zomwe zimawopseza kuwira electrolyte.

Momwe mungayang'anire kuti batire ili ndi mlandu kapena ayi pomwe injini yoyaka mkati siyikuyenda?

Poyang'ana batri ndi injini yoyaka mkati yazimitsidwa, kuyang'ana ndi multimeter kumachitika mofanana ndi momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa. Ogwiritsa ntchito onse ayenera kuyimitsidwa.

Zizindikiro zasonyezedwa mu tebulo.

Chiwonetsero choyesera, Volt	Kodi izi zikutanthauzanji?
11.7	Batire latsala pang'ono kutha
12.1 - 12.4	Battery yatha pafupifupi theka
12.5 - 13.2	Battery yadzaza kwathunthu

Kwezani mayeso a foloko

Katundu mphanda - chipangizo chomwe chili ngati katundu wamagetsi (kawirikawiri wotsutsa kwambiri kapena choyimbira chokanirira) chokhala ndi mawaya awiri ndi ma terminals olumikizira chipangizocho ku batri, komanso voltmeter yowerengera ma voltage.

Njira yotsimikizira ndiyosavuta. Zili ndi masitepe awa:

1. Ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito kutentha kwa + 20 ° С ... + 25 ° С (nthawi zovuta kwambiri mpaka + 15 ° С). Sitingathe kuyesa batire lozizira, chifukwa muli pachiwopsezo chotaya kwambiri.
2. Pulagi imalumikizidwa ndi ma terminals a batri - waya wofiyira kupita ku terminal yabwino, ndi waya wakuda ku terminal yoyipa.
3. Pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi, katundu amapangidwa ndi mphamvu yamakono ya 100 ... 200 Amperes (izi kutsanzira choyambira chophatikizidwa).
4. Katunduyo amagwira ntchito pa batri kwa 5 ... 6 masekondi.

Malingana ndi zotsatira za kuwerengera kwa ammeter ndi voltmeter, tikhoza kulankhula za chikhalidwe cha batri.

Kuwerenga kwa Voltmeter, V	Peresenti yolipira, %
> 10,2	100
9,6	75
9	50
8,4	25
	0

Pa batire yodzaza kwathunthu mutagwiritsa ntchito katunduyo, voteji sayenera kugwa pansi pa 10,2 V. Ngati batire yatulutsidwa pang'ono, ndiye kuti kutsitsa mpaka 9 V kumaloledwa (komabe, pankhaniyi iyenera kuyimbidwa). Ndipo zitatha zimenezo voteji ayenera kubwezeretsedwa pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo chimodzimodzi, ndipo patapita masekondi pang'ono kwathunthu.

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti ngati voteji si kubwezeretsedwa, n'kutheka kuti mmodzi wa zitini kutseka. Mwachitsanzo, pa katundu wocheperako, ndikofunikira kuti voliyumu ibwerere ku 12,4 V (mpaka 12 V imaloledwa ndi batire yotulutsidwa pang'ono). Chifukwa chake, kutsika kwamagetsi kumatsika kuchokera ku 10,2 V, batire imayipira kwambiri. Ndi chipangizo choterocho, mutha kuyang'ana batire pogula ndikuyika kale pagalimoto, osachotsa.

Momwe mungayesere batire yatsopano?

Kuwona batire yagalimoto musanagule ndi njira yofunika kwambiri. Choyamba, mukamagwiritsa ntchito batire yotsika kwambiri, zolakwika nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kusintha batire pansi pa chitsimikizo. Kachiwiri, ngakhale zitadziwika pa nthawi yake yabodza, njira yosinthira chitsimikizo imatha kukhala yayitali (kuyang'ana ndikuwunika katundu ndi akatswiri, ndi zina).

Chifukwa chake, kuti mupewe mavuto, musanagule, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta yotsimikizira yomwe ingapulumutse 99% pogula mabatire otsika:

1. Kuyang'ana m'maso. Muyeneranso kuyang'ana tsiku lopanga. Ngati batire ili ndi zaka zoposa 2, ndibwino kuti musagule.
2. Kuyeza voteji pa ma terminals ndi multimeter. Mphamvu ya batire yatsopano iyenera kukhala osachepera 12.6 volts.
3. Kuyang'ana batire ndi pulagi katundu. Nthawi zina ogulitsa amadzipereka kuti achite izi, ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuti muyang'ane momwe batire yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito ndi pulagi yonyamula nokha.

Momwe mungayang'anire ngati betri ili ndi moyo pagalimoto popanda zida?

Chizindikiro cha batri

N'zosavuta kudziwa mmene batire pa galimoto popanda zida zapadera. Izi zikhoza kuchitika m'njira zingapo.

Mabatire amakono ali ndi chizindikiro chapadera chapadera, nthawi zambiri mu mawonekedwe a zenera lozungulira. Mukhoza kudziwa mtengo ndi mtundu wa chizindikiro ichi. Pafupi ndi chizindikiro choterocho pa batri nthawi zonse pali decoding yosonyeza mtundu womwe umagwirizana ndi mlingo wina wa malipiro. Green - mtengo wadzaza; imvi - theka malipiro; wofiira kapena wakuda - kutulutsa kwathunthu.

Popanda chizindikiro choterocho, njira ziwiri zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Yoyamba ili ndi nyali zakutsogolo. ICE yoziziritsa imayambika, ndipo mtengo woviikidwa umayatsidwa. Ngati kuwala sikuchepa pakatha mphindi zisanu, ndiye kuti zonse ndi zabwinobwino.

Yachiwiri (komanso kuzizira) ndikuyatsa choyatsira, dikirani kwa mphindi imodzi, ndiyeno dinani chizindikirocho kangapo. Ndi batri "yamoyo", phokoso la beep lidzakhala lomveka komanso lopitirira.

Momwe mungasamalire batri

Kuti batire ikhale nthawi yayitali komanso kuti isalephere msanga, iyenera kusamalidwa pafupipafupi. Kwa batri iyi ndi yake ma terminals ayenera kukhala aukhondo, komanso kutulutsa / kutulutsa kwanthawi yayitali. M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ndi bwino kutenga batri kuchokera pansi pa hood kupita kumalo otentha. Opanga ena amalimbikitsa kulipiritsa batire kamodzi pa masabata a 1-2, akutsutsa kuti nthawi zina kumwa kumaposa kudzipangira batire. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'ana batire ndi ntchito yomwe ndiyotheka komanso yofunikira kuti galimotoyo igwire bwino ntchito.