Momwe Mungayesere Voltage ya DC ndi Multimeter (Buku Loyamba)
Zida ndi Malangizo

Momwe Mungayesere Voltage ya DC ndi Multimeter (Buku Loyamba)

19.02.2023 /

Voltage mwina ndiye muyeso wosavuta komanso wowerengeka kwambiri wamamita. Ngakhale kuwerenga magetsi a DC kungawoneke kophweka poyang'ana koyamba, kuwerenga bwino kumafuna chidziwitso chakuya cha ntchito imodziyi.

Mwachidule, mutha kuyeza voteji ya DC ndi multimeter potsatira izi. Choyamba, sinthani kuyimba kwa magetsi a DC. Kenako ikani chiwongolero chakuda mu jack COM ndipo chofiyira chimatsogolera mu V Ω jack. Kenako chotsani kaye dipstick yofiira kenako yakuda. Kenako gwirizanitsani mayesero amatsogolera ku dera. Tsopano mutha kuwerenga muyeso wamagetsi pachiwonetsero. 

Ngati ndinu woyamba ndipo mukufuna kuphunzira kuyeza voteji ya DC ndi ma multimeter - onse a digito ndi ma analogi ma multimeter - mwafika pamalo oyenera. Tidzakuphunzitsani ndondomeko yonse, kuphatikizapo kusanthula zotsatira.

Kodi nthawi zonse voltage ndi chiyani?

Kuti mumvetsetse, voteji ya DC ndi mtundu wachidule wa mawu akuti "DC voltage" - voteji yomwe imatha kupanga mwachindunji. Kumbali ina, ma voltage alternating amatha kupanga ma alternating current.

Kawirikawiri, DC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauzira machitidwe omwe ali ndi polarity nthawi zonse. Komabe, munkhaniyi, DC imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kutanthauza kuchuluka komwe polarity yake sisintha pafupipafupi, kapena kuchuluka kwa zero pafupipafupi. Zochulukira zomwe zimasintha pafupipafupi polarity ndi ma frequency abwino zimatchedwa alternating current.

Mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imatha kusiyana / mayunitsi pakati pa malo awiri pagawo lamagetsi ndi voteji. Kuyenda ndi kupezeka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono (ma elekitironi) timatulutsa mphamvu zamagetsi. (1)

Kusiyana komwe kungathe kuchitika kumachitika pamene ma elekitironi amasuntha pakati pa mfundo ziwiri - kuchokera kumalo otsika kwambiri mpaka kufika pamtunda wapamwamba. AC ndi DC ndi mitundu iwiri ya mphamvu zamagetsi. (2)

Mphamvu yochokera ku DC ndi yomwe tikukambirana pano - DC voltage.

Zitsanzo za magwero a DC ndi monga mabatire, mapanelo adzuwa, ma thermocouples, majenereta a DC, ndi zosinthira mphamvu za DC kuti akonzere AC.

Momwe mungayesere magetsi a DC ndi multimeter (digito)

  1. Sinthani kuyimba kwa DC voltage. Ngati DMM yanu imabwera ndi ma millivolts DC ndipo simukudziwa kuti mungasankhe iti, yambani ndi magetsi a DC chifukwa amavotera mphamvu zambiri.
  2. Kenako ikani kafukufuku wakuda mu cholumikizira cha COM.
  1. Mayeso ofiira ayenera kulowa mkati mwa jack V Ω. Mukachita izi, chotsani choyamba choyikapo chofiyira ndiyeno chotsani chakuda.
  1. Gawo lachinayi ndikulumikiza zoyeserera zoyeserera kudera (zoyesa zakuda ku malo oyeserera a polarity ndi zofiira zofiira ku malo oyeserera a polarity).

Zindikirani. Muyenera kudziwa kuti ma multimeter amakono amatha kuzindikira polarity. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma multimeter a digito, waya wofiyira sayenera kukhudza terminal yabwino, ndipo waya wakuda sayenera kukhudza ma terminal. Ngati ma probe akhudza ma terminals, chizindikiro choyipa chidzawonekera pachiwonetsero.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito multimeter ya analogi, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti otsogolera akukhudza ma terminals olondola kuti asawononge ma multimeter.

  1. Tsopano mutha kuwerenga muyeso wamagetsi pachiwonetsero.

Malangizo Othandiza Poyezera Voltage ya DC ndi DMM

  1. Ma DMM amakono nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma auto osiyanasiyana mwachisawawa, kutengera ntchito yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pa kuyimba. Mutha kusintha mtunduwo mwa kukanikiza batani la "Range" kangapo mpaka mutafika pazomwe mukufuna. Muyezo wa voteji ukhoza kugwera mu millivolt DC yokhazikika. Osadandaula. Chotsani zoyeserera zoyeserera, sinthani dial kuti muwerenge ma millivolts DC, ikaninso zoyeserera, kenako werengani kuyeza kwamagetsi.
  2. Kuti mupeze muyeso wokhazikika kwambiri, dinani batani "kugwira". Mudzaziwona muyeso wa voteji ukamalizidwa.
  3. Dinani batani la "MIN/MAX" kuti muthe kuyeza voteji yotsika kwambiri komanso yapamwamba kwambiri ya DC, dinani batani la "MIN/MAX". Yembekezerani beep nthawi iliyonse DMM ikalemba voteji yatsopano.
  4. Ngati mukufuna kuyika DMM kukhala mtengo wodziwidwiratu, dinani "REL" (Relative) kapena "?" (Delta) mabatani. Chiwonetserocho chidzawonetsa miyezo yamagetsi pansipa komanso pamwamba pa mtengo wofotokozera.

Momwe mungayesere magetsi a DC ndi multimeter ya analogi

Tsatirani njira zosavuta izi:

  1. Dinani batani "ON" pa mita yanu kuti muyatse.
  2. Sinthani chubu cha multimeter kukhala "V".DC»- magetsi a DC. Ngati multimeter yanu ya analogi ilibe "VCOLUMBIA REGION,” fufuzani ngati pali V yokhala ndi mzere wowongoka wa nsonga zitatu ndikutembenuzira mfundoyo.
  1. Pitirizani kuyika mtunduwo, womwe uyenera kukhala wokulirapo kuposa kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yomwe ikuyembekezeka.
  2. Ngati mukugwira ntchito ndi voliyumu yosadziwika, gawo loyika liyenera kukhala lalikulu momwe mungathere.
  3. Lumikizani chiwongolero chakuda ku jack COM ndi chowongolera chofiira ku jack VΩ (makamaka yomwe ili ndi VDC pamenepo).
  4. Ikani kafukufuku wakuda pamalo olakwika kapena otsika voteji ndi kafukufuku wofiyira pamalo abwino kapena apamwamba kwambiri.
  5. Pakupotoza kwakukulu, komwe kumathandizira kulondola, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamagetsi.
  6. Tsopano tengani VDC kuwerenga ndi kusamala kutenga VAC kuwerenga.
  7. Mukamaliza kuwerenga, chotsani kafukufuku wofiyira kaye ndiyeno fufuzani wakuda.
  8. Zimitsani ma multimeter ndikukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwambiri kuti mupewe kuwonongeka ngati mugwiritsanso ntchito mwachangu.

Mosiyana ndi multimeter ya digito, multimeter ya analogi sikukuchenjezani za polarity yosinthika, yomwe ingawononge ma multimeter. Samalani, nthawi zonse muzilemekeza polarity.

Kodi kuchulukirachulukira ndi chiyani ndipo kumachitika liti?

Pali chifukwa chabwino chomwe mukulangizidwa kuti musankhe mtundu wamagetsi pamwamba pa mtengo womwe ukuyembekezeredwa. Kusankha mtengo wocheperako kungapangitse kuti muchulukitse. Mita siingathe kuyeza voteji ikakhala kunja kwa mulingo woyezera.

Pa DMM, mudzadziwa kuti mukukumana ndi vuto lochulukirachulukira ngati DMM iwerenga "zachilendo", "OL" kapena "1" pazenera. Osachita mantha mukalandira chizindikiro chochulukira. Sizingawononge kapena kuwononga multimeter. Mutha kuthana ndi vutoli powonjezera kuchuluka kwake ndi chosankha mpaka mutafika pamtengo womwe ukuyembekezeka. Ngati mukukayikira kutsika kwamagetsi m'dera lanu, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito ma multimeter kuti muyese.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito multimeter ya analogi, mudzadziwa kuti muli ndi vuto lodzaza ngati muwona muvi wa "FSD" (Full Scale Deflection). Mu ma analogi multimeter, zinthu zochulukirazi ziyenera kupewedwa kuti zipewe kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike. Khalani kutali ndi ma voltage otsika pokhapokha mutadziwa kuyeza voteji.

Malangizo a chitetezo: Pewani masensa okhala ndi mawaya osweka kapena opanda kanthu. Kuphatikiza pakuwonjezera zolakwika pakuwerengera kwamagetsi, ma probe owonongeka ndi owopsa pakuyezera ma voltage.

Kaya mukugwiritsa ntchito digito ya digito kapena multimeter ya analogi, tsopano mukudziwa momwe ma multimeter amayezera voteji. Tsopano mutha kuyeza zamakono ndi chidaliro.

Ngati mupereka chidwi chanu chonse panjirayi, mwakonzeka kuyeza magetsi kuchokera kugwero la DC. Tsopano yesani mphamvu yamagetsi kuchokera kugwero lomwe mumakonda la DC ndikuwona momwe limagwirira ntchito.

Talembanso maphunziro angapo a multimeter pansipa. Mutha kuyang'ana ndikuyika chizindikiro kuti muwerenge mtsogolo. Zikomo! Ndipo tidzakuwonani m’nkhani yathu yotsatira!

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  • Cen-Tech 7-Function Digital Multimeter Overview

ayamikira

(1) ma elekitironi - https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/electron

(2) mphamvu zamagetsi - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/electrical-energy

Kuwonjezera ndemanga