Kodi mumafunika kangati kusintha fyuluta ya mpweya?

Galimoto iliyonse ili ndi zigawo zing'onozing'ono ndi zazikulu. Koma si nthawi zonse zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zofunika kwambiri. Zing'onozing'ono zambiri zimagwira ntchito mwakachetechete komanso mosazindikira. Zosefera za mpweya nazonso ndi zawo - mtundu wa malo oyendera mpweya, kuyang'ana fumbi ndi tinthu tina toyipa.

Kuyenda kwa galimoto kumapereka kuyaka kwa mafuta osakhala angwiro, koma kusakaniza kwa mpweya. Komanso, chigawo chachiwiri mmenemo chiyenera kukhala 15-20 nthawi zambiri. Choncho, wamba okwera galimoto ndi injini kuyaka mkati 1,5-2 thousand. onani³ zidzatenga pafupifupi 12-15 м³ mpweya. Imalowa mgalimoto momasuka kuchokera ku chilengedwe chakunja. Koma pali chenjezo limodzi - nthawi zonse mumakhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayimitsa, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mbewu, ndi zina zambiri m'mlengalenga.

Zinthu zakunja ndizosafunika mu carburetor. Amakhazikika, kutseka ndime ndi njira, kumawonjezera kuyaka ndikupangitsa ngozi ya ma microdetonations. Ndicho chifukwa chake zosefera mpweya zimamangidwa mu dongosolo. ntchito zawo:

• kuyeretsedwa kwa mpweya kuchokera ku zazikulu ndi zazing'ono (mpaka ma microns angapo m'mimba mwake) particles. Zida zamakono zimakwaniritsa ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi 99,9%;
• kuchepetsa phokoso lofalikira panjira yolowera;
• Kuwongolera kutentha kwamafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya mu injini zoyatsira zamkati zamafuta.

Madalaivala ambiri amanyalanyaza kusintha kwa fyuluta ya mpweya, poganiza kuti iyenera kukhalapo mpaka itatha. Koma kuyeretsa panthawi yake ndikuyika kwatsopano kudzapulumutsa carburetor yagalimoto ndikupulumutsa mafuta.

Ntchito ya chinthu ichi imawululidwa ndi chizindikiro monga kuchepetsa kukana kwa mpweya wolowa. Malingana ndi iye, pamene fyuluta ya mpweya imakhala yonyansa kwambiri, imadutsa mpweya woipa kwambiri.

Zosefera zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa mpweya ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe, mapangidwe, zinthu zopangira, ndi luso la ntchito. Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu ingapo yamagulu awo. Nthawi zambiri, zosefera mpweya zimasiyanitsidwa ndi izi:

• njira kusefera (mafuta, inertial, mphepo yamkuntho, kuyenda mwachindunji, etc.);
• ukadaulo wotaya zinyalala (kutulutsa, kuyamwa, kutolera mu chidebe);
• zinthu zosefera (pepala lapadera, makatoni, ulusi wopangira, zimachitika kuti ulusi wa nayiloni / chitsulo);
• mtundu wothandiza wa zinthu zosefera (cylindrical, panel, frameless);
• zokonzekera zogwiritsidwa ntchito (zabwinobwino, zovuta);
• kuchuluka kwa kusefera (1, 2 kapena 3).

Mwachibadwa, mtundu uliwonse wa zamoyozi sungakhalepo paokha paokha. Chifukwa chake, pali, mwachitsanzo, zosefera zowuma zowuma zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi zinthu zosafunikira mumlengalenga, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi fyuluta yokhala ndi impregnation yapadera, makina opangira mafuta, ndi zina zambiri.

Tikumbukenso kuti magalimoto a kamangidwe akale (GAZ-24, ZAZ-968) ankagwiritsa ntchito zosefera mpweya inertia-mafuta. Chofunika chake chimakhala chakuti pamene galimoto ikuyenda, mafuta amatsuka gawolo (lopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosindikizidwa kapena ulusi wa nayiloni), amatenga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikulowa mu bafa yapadera. Pansi pa chidebe ichi, chimakhazikika ndikuchotsedwa pamanja, ndikuyeretsa nthawi zonse.

Opanga magalimoto amakono ndi zigawo akuyesera kupititsa patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake ndikuthandizira kukonza kwake. Chifukwa chake, machitidwe okhala ndi gawo lochotsa zosefera adapangidwa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Dera la fyulutayo limakhalanso ndi vuto lalikulu pakugwira ntchito kwa chinthu chosinthidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ku Zhiguli ndi 0,33 m2 (kukana kwakukulu kwa mpweya wabwino kumatheka pamtunda wa makilomita zikwi 20 panjira yabwino). Volga ali ndi malo okulirapo - 1 m2 ndi kuipitsa kwathunthu kumachitika pambuyo pa kuthamanga kwa 30 km.

Chinanso chatsopano chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi oyendetsa galimoto ndi fyuluta ya zero-resistance. Zosefera zake zimakhala ndi magawo awa:

• thonje nsalu apangidwe mu ya nthawi ndi impregnated ndi mafuta apadera;
• ma waya awiri a aluminiyamu omwe amapondereza nsalu ndikupatsa chinthucho mawonekedwe ake.

Kapangidwe kameneka kamakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umalowa mu makina nthawi 2. Ubwino wake waukulu ndikuthekera kogwiritsanso ntchito (mutatha kutsuka ndi kuumitsa).

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, fyuluta iliyonse imadziunjikira dothi ndi fumbi pakapita nthawi ndipo magwiridwe ake amawonongeka. Mu zolembedwa luso magalimoto ambiri tikulimbikitsidwa kuti m'malo fyuluta mpweya aliyense makilomita zikwi 10. Koma mikhalidwe yogwiritsira ntchito galimotoyo ndi yosiyana, choncho zimachitika kuti m'pofunika kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa gawo ili.

Komanso, mavuto otsatirawa akusonyeza kuti muyenera kusintha mpweya fyuluta:

• amatuluka mu ndondomeko ya utsi;
• kutembenuka kosakhazikika;
• mafuta ochulukirapo kuposa momwe amakhalira;
• kuyamba kovuta kwa injini yoyaka mkati;
• kuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka magalimoto;
• kuphonya.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti fyuluta ikasweka, sikuti ntchito ya injini yoyaka mkati imavutika. Izi zimachepetsa moyo wautumiki wa ma jekeseni, ma spark plugs ndi ma catalytic convector. Kugwira ntchito kwa mapampu amafuta ndi masensa a oxygen kumasokonekera.

Poyendetsa m'malo abwino, fyuluta ya mpweya ikhoza kukhala yokwanira makilomita oposa 10 zikwi. Madalaivala odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti zimachitika kuti matenda ake amapezeka ndipo, ngati kuipitsidwa kwapakati, gwedezani ndikuyeretsa pang'ono.

Zonse zimatengera mtundu wa gawo lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mutagwedeza pang'ono zinyalala kuchokera kuzinthu zamapepala a mono ndikuyiyikanso, ndiye kuti fyuluta ya zero ikhoza kutsukidwa kwambiri. Amapangidwa mumagulu otsatirawa.

1. Chotsani fyuluta pamalo ake okonzera.
2. Chotsani chosefera ndi burashi yofewa.
3. Ikani mbali zonse za chinthu chapadera chomwe chikulimbikitsidwa kuyeretsa zinthu zotere (K&N, Universal Cleaner kapena JR).
4. Gwirani kwa mphindi pafupifupi 10.
5. Sambani bwino mu chidebe ndikutsuka ndi madzi oyenda.
6. Imbani zinthu zosefera ndi kulowetsedwa kwapadera
7. Khalani pamalo.

Njirayi ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ichitike pafupifupi kamodzi pa miyezi itatu (malinga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto). Komanso, kuti muthandizire njirayi, mutha kuphatikiza ndi kusintha kwamafuta.

Chosefera choyera ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuyenda kokhazikika komanso kopanda ndalama zamagalimoto.