Iskanders mu Nagorno-Karabakh nkhondo - kuwombera mwendo
Chiameniya "Iskander" pa perete polemekeza chikumbutso 25 ya ufulu ku Yerevan. Andale ambiri a ku Armenia ndi asilikali adawona kuti Iskanders ndi chida chozizwitsa chomwe chimapereka chitetezo chogwira ntchito kapena chitsimikizo chogonjetsa mdani pakakhala nkhondo. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kunawononga nduna yayikulu ya ku Armenia komanso dipatimenti yachitetezo yaku Russia.
"Izo zinagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma zinali zopanda pake - mwina sizinaphulike pa zotsatira, kapena 10% yokha." Mawu awa a Prime Minister waku Armenia Nikol Pashinyan, omwe adayankhulidwa pa february 23, 2021 poyankhulana ndi kanema wawayilesi wapakati ku Armenia, adayambitsa chipongwe chapadziko lonse lapansi ndi zida zankhondo za Iskander kumbuyo ndipo zidapangitsa kuti ziwonetsero zapamsewu ku Yerevan zichitike. Mwina, komabe, adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Russia, womwe, poteteza katundu wake wapamwamba, "adadziwombera pamapazi ndi Iskander."
Nkhondo yachiwiri ya Nagorno-Karabakh pakati pa Armenia ndi Azerbaijan idayamba pa Seputembara 27, 2020 ndipo idatha pa Novembara 9 chaka chomwecho ndi kusaina pangano loletsa kumenyana lomwe lidakwaniritsidwa pamakambirano apakati pa Russian Federation ndi Turkey. Pambuyo pa masiku 44 akumenyana koopsa, zotsatira za nkhondoyo zinali kugonjetsedwa kwa Armenia, yomwe inataya madera omwe adagonjetsa kuyambira nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse mu 1992-1994, komanso pafupifupi 30% ya gawo la Nagorno-Karabakh. Dera lodziyimira pawokha, lomwe kale linali gawo la Azerbaijan SSR, lili ndi anthu ambiri aku Armenia (zambiri mu WiT 10, 11 ndi 12/2020).
Prime Minister waku Armenia Nikol Pashinyan amalankhula ndi omuthandizira ake pamsonkhano ku Yerevan. Chigwirizano chitatha kusainidwa pazifukwa zoipa kwambiri ku Armenia, andale ndi asilikali anayamba kuimbana mlandu kuthetsa mkangano wa Nagorno-Karabakh, womwe wakhala ukuchitika kwa zaka zambiri.
Njira yothetsera mkanganowu, yomwe siili yabwino ku Armenia, idayambitsa mikangano pakati pa ndale ndi asitikali. Purezidenti wakale wa Russia komanso nduna yayikulu a Serzh Sargsyan, yemwe adachotsedwa mu Epulo 2018 ndikusinthidwa kukhala nduna yayikulu ndi Nikol Pashinyan, wakhala akudzudzula poyera komanso kudzudzula mwamphamvu momwe gulu lolamulira lachitira nkhondo. Pa February 16, poyankhulana ndi ArmNewsTV, adadzudzula, makamaka, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zakale ndi zolakwika za Elbrus motsutsana ndi Azerbaijan, zomwe zinagunda midzi ya mizinda ingapo, zomwe, malinga ndi iye, zinapangitsa kuti kuukira kwa Azerbaijan kukhale kopanda chifundo. Komano, zida zapamwamba kwambiri za Iskander ballistic ku Arsenal, zomwe zidagulidwa panthawi yake, zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asitikali pa tsiku lomaliza la nkhondo, kuukira zida zankhondo mumzinda wachiameniya wa Shusha, m'malo mozigwiritsa ntchito pazolinga. ku Azerbaijan pa chiyambi.
Ataitanidwa ku chikwangwani chachikumbutsocho, Pashinyan anayankha poyera milanduyi pa February 23. Malingana ndi iye, a Iskanders adagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma adakhala opanda pake, chifukwa mwina sanaphulike, kapena adagwira ntchito bwino pafupifupi 10% [zomwe sizikutanthauza - pafupifupi. ed.]. Ananenanso kuti ndi mtsogoleri wakale yemwe akuyenera kuyankha chifukwa chomwe izi zidachitikira. Atafunsidwa ndi atolankhani za izi, Wachiwiri kwa Chief of the General Staff of the Armenian Armed Forces, Lieutenant-General Tiran Khachatryan, anakana "mavumbulutso" a Prime Minister okhudza mphamvu ya Iskander, adawatcha zopanda pake, zomwe adachotsedwa. positi yake. Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku RA poyamba udakana kuyankhapo pamawu a Prime Minister.
Iskandery ku Armenia
Malingana ndi magwero a ku Russia, mgwirizano wogula zida za 9K720E Iskander-E ndi Armenia unatsirizidwa mu 2013, ndi kutumiza zipangizo - kumapeto kwa 2015. Idawonetsedwa koyamba pa September 21, 2016 pa parade mu Yerevan adakonza zokumbukira zaka 25 za ufulu wodzilamulira. Amawonetsedwa pafupi ndi machitidwe a missile apansi ndi pansi omwe amachokera ku USSR, i.e. 9K79 Tochka ndi 9K72 Elbrus wamkulu kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa oyambitsa awiri a 9P78E odziyendetsa okha, zida ziwiri za 9T250E zidatenga nawo gawo pagululi.
Pambuyo pa chiwonetserochi, kunabuka malingaliro ngati a Iskanders omwe adaperekedwawo anali aku Armenia kapena "adabwereka" ku Russia pazolinga zabodza - kuti asangalatse Azerbaijan, yomwe ikutsutsana ndi Armenia, makamaka popeza mu Epulo 2016 panali mikangano ina mu Gorsky. Karabakh. Kugulidwa kwa Iskanders kumakayikira, chifukwa ku Russia ndondomeko yokonzanso zida zankhondo ndi Iskanders imangokulirakulira, ndipo malinga ndi akuluakulu ena a ku Russia, kugulitsa kwawo kunja kunaganiziridwa pokhapokha zofuna zawo zitakwaniritsidwa.
Mu February 2017, kukayikira kumeneku kunathetsedwa ndi Nduna ya Zachitetezo ku Armenia Vigen Sargsyan, yemwe adatsimikizira poyankhulana ndi bungwe lazankhani zaku Russia Sputnik kuti zida za Iskander zomwe zidawonetsedwa pagululi zidagulidwa ndi Armenia, yomwe ili ndi zida zake. mphamvu. Mtumiki Sarkissian anatsindika kuti ngakhale a Iskanders amatengedwa ngati chida cholepheretsa, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chida chowombera. Chisankho chilichonse pankhaniyi chidzadalira momwe zinthu zikuyendera, ndipo zida izi zitha kukhala ndi "zotsatira zosasinthika" pazomangamanga zaboma zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Andale ena a ku Armenia ndi asilikali analankhula ndi mzimu womwewo.
Mawu olimba mtima awa adapereka lingaliro lakuti kugula Iskander kumaonedwa ngati kukhala ndi chida chachikulu. Mofananamo, kugula ku Russia kwa Su-30SM ndege zolimbana ndi zolinga zambiri, zomwe zimayenera kupukuta Azerbaijani Air Force kuchokera kumwamba, zinaperekedwa.
Sizinafotokozedwe mwalamulo kuti ndi zida zingati zomwe Armenia idawagulira. Zida zotsatsira za Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering zimati gawo locheperako la 9K720E Iskander-E complex lomwe lingathe kugwira ntchito palokha ndi gulu. Mu zida zankhondo zaku Russia, gulu la Iskander lili ndi zida zinayi. Ngati Armenia idagula gulu limodzi, ndiye kuti liyenera kukhala ndi zowombera zinayi ndi katundu wa mivi iwiri kwa aliyense wa iwo, i.e. eyiti, ngakhale magwero ena osavomerezeka aku Russia akuti zida zonse zomwe Armenia ili nazo zidawonetsedwa pachiwonetserocho. Zomwezo zikhoza kuchitika pophunzira mosamala kwambiri zojambula zovomerezeka za Armenian Iskanders. Kuphatikiza pa zoyambitsa "zenizeni" ziwiri, diso lophunzitsidwa limatha kuwona chitoliro chimodzi chodziyendetsa chokha (nyambo?). Kuphatikiza apo, pambuyo pa zochitika zaposachedwa, zidanenedwa pa kanema waku Russia 1 kuti Armenia idalandira mpaka pano ... zida zinayi zomenyera nkhondo.
Mawu a Pashinyan okhudza kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa a Iskanders omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondo kumapeto kwa 2020 akadali chinsinsi. Ndikosatheka kupeza 10% moyenera ngati mutayambitsa maroketi anayi, chifukwa zitha kukhala 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% kapena 0%! Mwina chowotchera motocho chinali chochepera kakhumi kuposa momwe amayembekezera? Palibe chiyembekezo choti tidzapeza zomwe Apashini anali kuganiza.
