Intercooler m'galimoto: mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito chipangizocho ndi njira zodzikonzera nokha

Magalimoto ambiri okhala ndi injini zamphamvu zama turbine ali ndi tsatanetsatane wachilendo pamapangidwe awo - intercooler. Ndi chiyani chomwe chili m'galimoto, momwe gawolo limakonzedwera ndikugwira ntchito, ndi momwe mungachitire ndi kukonzanso nokha - awa ndi mafunso omwe eni ake a magalimoto amakono akufunsa kwambiri.

Intercooler ndi gawo lapadera la injini ya turbocharged, yomwe galimotoyo imalandira mphamvu zowonjezera 15-20 popanda zotsatira zoopsa. Ngati mavuto abuka, kukonzanso kuyenera kuchitidwa nthawi yomweyo, apo ayi injiniyo idzayamba kutaya mphamvu, ndipo pakapita nthawi mphamvu yamagetsi idzalephera.

Zamkatimu

• 1 Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira intercooler m'galimoto
• 2 Chithunzi cha gawolo ndi malo ake mu injini
• 3 Mfundo ya ntchito ya intercooler ndi zotsatira zake pa injini mphamvu
• 4 Mitundu ya intercoolers
  • 4.1 Airy
  • 4.2 Madzi
• 5 Kodi chinthucho chingachotsedwe?
• 6 Zosankha zodziyika nokha
• 7 Features ntchito ndi zifukwa zazikulu zolephera
• 8 Dzichitireni nokha intercooler kukonza

Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira intercooler m'galimoto

Intercooler ndi chinthu chapakatikati mu dongosolo loperekera mpweya ku masilindala a petulo kapena injini ya dizilo. Zapangidwira ntchito imodzi - kuziziritsa. Ntchito ya chipangizochi ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya powonjezera kuchuluka kwake. Zotsatira zake, kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'masilinda kumawonjezeka, ndipo kusakaniza koyaka mwa iwo kumakhala kolemera. Kupanga injini ndi intercooler kumawonjezera mphamvu ya injini ndi pafupifupi 15 peresenti.

Chithunzi cha gawolo ndi malo ake mu injini

Kunja, intercooler ikufanana ndi radiator, yomwe imakhala ndi mbale ndi mapaipi. Pofuna kuziziritsa mpweya, mbale zamkuwa kapena aluminiyamu zimawotchedwa pamachubu.

Kunja, intercooler si yosiyana kwambiri ndi radiator

Mu injini, gawolo limayikidwa pakati pa manifold ambiri ndi turbine compressor. Imayikidwa kutsogolo kwa injini pansi pa radiator, kapena pamwamba pa injini. Mu zitsanzo zina zamagalimoto, intercooler ili m'mapiko.

Mfundo ya ntchito ya intercooler ndi zotsatira zake pa injini mphamvu

Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ndi chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa intercooler kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya kufika madigiri 55-60. Ubwino wa mpweya wolowa mu turbocharger umayenda bwino, zomwe zimathandizira kudzaza bwino kwa masilindala ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a injini.

Ukadaulo umadzilungamitsa ndi 100%, popeza kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa mpweya ndi madigiri 10 okha kumapereka injini kuchokera ku 3 mpaka 5 peresenti ya mphamvu. Kusowa kwa intercooler kapena kusagwira ntchito kwake kumabweretsa kuchulukira, nthawi zina mpaka madigiri 200, kutentha kwa mpweya kumayamwa ndi turbine. Izi, nazonso, zimachepetsa mphamvu ya injini, ndipo pambuyo pake zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwake.

Kugwira ntchito kwa intercooler kumakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Kusakaniza koyaka kumayaka bwino kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mafuta ofunikira amachepetsedwanso. Kuchita bwino kwa gawo kumayesedwa ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa injini poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwapakati. Kuphatikiza apo, intercooler imachepetsa kuthamanga kwamphamvu chifukwa cha kukana komwe kumapangidwa ndi gawo ili. Kwa intercooler yabwino, kutsika kwapakati kwa 1-2 psi kumatha kuonedwa kuti ndikovomerezeka.

Mitundu ya intercoolers

Kutengera kapangidwe ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito, ma intercoolers amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri:

Airy

Intercooler ya kapangidwe kosavuta ndi machubu angapo olumikizidwa ndi mizere ya mbale. Kwenikweni, cholinga cha gawolo ndikudutsa mpweya kudzera m'machubu otuluka kunja. Ma mbale amakulolani kuti muwonjezere malo otumizira kutentha, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, mpweya umakhala ndi nthawi yoziziritsa usanalowe mu turbine.

Mpweya intercooler limakupatsani kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya woperekedwa kwa turbine madigiri 40-50, amene amapereka 12 mpaka 15% kuwonjezeka injini mphamvu. Kuchita bwino kwa gawoli kumatha kuyesedwa pa liwiro la 30-40 km / h.

Mu air intercooler, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti air-to-air intercooler, kutuluka kwa mpweya wopita patsogolo kumakhala ngati choziziritsa.

Mitundu yamlengalenga imayikidwa m'malo atatu:

1. Pansi pa hood, molunjika pamwamba pa injini.
2. Kumbuyo kwa bumper yakutsogolo.
3. Mu lateral mipata ya mapiko.

Zosankha zachiwiri ndi zachitatu zoyikapo ndizoyenera kwambiri ndipo ndizofala kwambiri, chifukwa zimapereka mphamvu ya mpweya. The air intercooler nthawi zambiri anaika pa SUVs ndi magalimoto.

Kuipa kwa zitsanzo za mpweya ndi kulemera kwawo kwakukulu ndi kukula kochititsa chidwi.

Madzi

Madzi amakhala ngati choziziritsa mkati mwake, chomwe chimagwira ntchitoyo bwino kwambiri. The intercooler madzi ndi yaying'ono ndipo satenga malo ambiri pansi pa nyumba ya galimoto. Ngakhale mukayiyika, muyenera kupeza malo a pampu ndi sensa ya kutentha. Koma mphamvu ya mtundu uwu wa gawo ndi kangapo apamwamba.

Pafupifupi, intercooler madzi amachepetsa kutentha ndi madigiri 60-70. M'mitundu yapamwamba komanso yokwera mtengo, madzi a refrigerant amakhala ngati ozizira: antifreeze, antifreeze, nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi. Chifukwa cha zinthu zoziziritsa kukhosi zotere, kutentha kumawirikiza kawiri poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zomwe zikuyenda pamadzi.

Madziwo amatenga kutentha kwambiri, chifukwa ma intercoolers amadzi ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa anzawo.

Komabe, tsatanetsatane wamtunduwu uli ndi zovuta zina. Chitsanzo cha madzi chimakhala ndi mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri. Ntchito ya gawoli imayendetsedwa ndi mpope wamadzi, sensor ya kutentha ndi unit control unit. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wa zomangamanga ndi zovuta zowonongeka pakagwa kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake, zitsanzo zamitundu yotsika mtengo makamaka zimagwiritsa ntchito ma air intercoolers. Kuphatikiza apo, chipangizochi chimafunikira kuwunika mwadongosolo kozizira.

Ndizosangalatsa! Pazitsanzo zamagalimoto apanyumba, ma intercoolers okwera mtengo pafupifupi 10 amayikidwa, pa omwe amatumizidwa kunja - kuchokera ku ma ruble 50. Pali zitsanzo zapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe mtengo wake uli mu mazana masauzande a ruble. Magalimoto amasewera opangidwa molingana ndi ma projekiti apadera amakhala ndi mtundu wapadera wa intercoolers - mwambo, momwe kuzizirira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ayezi ndi madzi apadera.

Kodi chinthucho chingachotsedwe?

Intercooler ndi gawo lowonjezera la injini, popanda injini yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito bwino. Kukana kumapeputsa galimotoyo ndi makumi angapo a kilogalamu ndikukulolani kumasula malo pansi pa hood. Komabe, akatswiri samalangiza kuti achoke ku intercooler ngati amaperekedwa ndi mapangidwe agalimoto yagalimoto.

Kukanidwa kwa choziziritsa kukhosi kudzapangitsa kuti injiniyo iwonongeke msanga chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Mphamvu ya injini idzachepa nthawi yomweyo. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchotse gawolo pamagalimoto a turbocharged.

Zosankha zodziyika nokha

Kukonza galimoto yanu kumaphatikizapo kusintha kapena kukhazikitsa intercooler nokha. Ngati mwini galimotoyo ali pamoto ndi lingaliro la kusintha gawolo kukhala chitsanzo chapamwamba kwambiri, ndi bwino kuganizira zotsatirazi:

1. kutentha exchanger dera. Kukula kwa machubu ndi mbale zimakhudza mwachindunji ntchito ya gawolo. Zogulitsa pali zitsanzo zophatikizana kwambiri, kukula kwa bukhu. Komabe, kuthekera kowayika kumakhala kokayikitsa, ndipo sikungathe kupereka kuwonjezereka koyenera kwa mphamvu ya injini. Musanagule, muyenera kuwerengera malo oyika gawolo kuti ligwirizane ndendende ndi mpando.
2. Kukula kwa gawo lamkati la machubu. Mapangidwewo ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya ukuyenda mwaulere.
3. Kuchuluka kwa mbale zosinthira kutentha. Ntchitoyi imakhudzidwa ndi gawo la gawolo, koma osati makulidwe a khoma. Kufunafuna chitsulo chokhuthala kumangowonjezera kulemera kwa gawolo, koma sikungakhudze mphamvu yake mwanjira iliyonse.
4. Tube mawonekedwe. Kusankha koyenera ndi magawo opindika okhala ndi utali wopindika waukulu kwambiri.
5. Mapaipi olumikizira apamwamba kwambiri. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri posankha cholumikizira chamadzi, chifukwa kulumikizana kwabwino kwa magawo kumabweretsa kutayikira koziziritsa.

Features ntchito ndi zifukwa zazikulu zolephera

Zitsanzo zamakono za intercoolers sizifuna chisamaliro chapadera kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, kuyezetsa nthawi ndi nthawi ndikuzindikira kulephera kwake ndikofunikira. Zowonongeka zotsatirazi zitha kupezeka mu gawoli:

1. Kuphulika kwa chitoliro cha nthambi kapena chosinthanitsa kutentha chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwambiri. Kuwonongeka uku kumasonyezedwa ndi kutsika kwakukulu kwa mphamvu zamagalimoto ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Palibe chifukwa chokonza mapaipi anthambi ong'ambika, chifukwa pansi pa kupanikizika kwa mpweya amalephera nthawi yomweyo. Pankhaniyi, kungochotsa nozzle kumathandizira kubwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito.
2. Mafuta kulowa mkati. Kawirikawiri, mafuta ochepa amalowa mu intercooler pamene turbo ikuyenda. Zizindikiro zovomerezeka - 0.7-1 lita pa 10000 Km. Ngati zizindikiro zili pamwamba, muyenera kuganizira za kukonza gawolo.
3. Ming'alu mu machubu ndi mbale. Intercooler yomwe imayikidwa mu zotchingira kapena pansi pa bampa yakutsogolo imakhudzidwa ndi kupsinjika kwamakina.
4. Machubu otsekedwa. Izi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira. choncho, m'nyengo yozizira, kuyeretsa gawolo kuchokera ku mankhwala ndi mchenga kuyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zambiri.

Dzichitireni nokha intercooler kukonza

Kukonza gawo kumayamba ndikugwetsa. Sikoyenera kufotokoza masitepe enieni ochotsera, chifukwa zonse zimadalira malo ndi njira yokhazikitsira gawolo m'galimoto. Mwachitsanzo, ngati gawolo litayikidwa pamwamba pa injiniyo, "limangochotsedwa" mwa kumasula zingwe. Pamene intercooler waikidwa mu chipika chimodzi ndi ma radiators (waukulu, kufala basi, mpweya woziziritsa), khama ayenera kupangidwa.

Ndikofunikira! The intercooler akhoza kuchotsedwa mu injini ozizira kwathunthu ndi poyatsira dongosolo kuzimitsidwa.

Kukonzekera kwathunthu, m'pofunika kuchotsa gawolo

Mukachotsa gawolo, chitani izi:

1. Kuyeretsa. M'kupita kwa nthawi, njirayi imatha pafupifupi maola 2-3. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuchotsa mafuta otsekemera. Koma m'pofunika kuchotsa zonyansa zonse: ntchito ya intercooler m'tsogolo idzadalira ubwino wa ntchitoyo. Poyeretsa, chotsani mbali zonse ndikudula ma nozzles. Kunja ndi ngalandezo zimatsukidwa bwino ndi mankhwala apadera agalimoto, ndipo kuti mafuta achotsedwe bwino amanyowetsedwa kwa maola angapo. Mafuta a petulo ndi mafuta ena ochepetsera mafuta sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito: amatha kuwononga zinthu zomwe gawolo limapangidwira.
2. Kutseka ming'alu. Chophwanyika chimachotsedwa m'thupi la gawolo, malo owonongeka amatsukidwa ndi fayilo ndipo chigamba cha platinamu chimagulitsidwa. Zomwe zimayikapo ziyenera kufanana ndi zomwe zachotsedwa chubu.
3. Pressurization mu osamba madzi kapena kuyezetsa ndi utsi jenereta. Musanayike gawo lokonzedwa m'malo mwake, sizingakhale zosayenera kuyang'ana mtundu wa kukonza. Izi zidzapulumutsa woyendetsa galimoto pakufunika kuti achotsenso ngati ntchito yolakwika. Mayesero enieni a gawolo akuyendetsa pa liwiro lokwanira. Ngati galimotoyo ikugwira ntchito ndi mphamvu yake yakale, ndipo palibe mluzu wakunja womwe umamveka panthawi ya "kukonzanso mpweya", zikutanthauza kuti ntchito ya gawolo yabwezeretsedwa.

Ndikofunikira! Kulephera kwakukulu ndi kuphwanya mpweya wabwino wa crankcase, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'gawolo. Kukonza kwanuko pankhaniyi sikungathetse vutoli. Idzatengera kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa injini ndikusinthanso intercooler.

Kulimbana ndi kukonza zazing'ono ndi kukonza intercooler ndithu mwa mphamvu ya mwini galimoto iliyonse. Pakawonongeka kwambiri kapena ngati mukufuna kusintha chitsanzocho ndi chotsogola, muyenera kulankhulana ndi akatswiri a malo okonzera magalimoto.

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