Photonic kristalo

Photonic crystal ndi zinthu zamakono zomwe zimakhala ndi maselo oyambilira omwe ali ndi index yayikulu komanso yotsika yowoneka bwino komanso miyeso yofananira ndi kutalika kwa kuwala kochokera pamitundu yowoneka bwino. Magetsi amafoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu optoelectronics. Zimaganiziridwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kristalo wa photonic kudzalola, mwachitsanzo. kuwongolera kufalikira kwa mafunde a kuwala ndipo kudzapanga mwayi wopanga ma circumtaneti ophatikizika a Photonic ndi makina owoneka bwino, komanso maukonde olumikizana ndi ma telecommunication okhala ndi bandwidth yayikulu (ya dongosolo la Pbps).

Zotsatira za nkhaniyi panjira ya kuwala ndizofanana ndi zotsatira za grating pa kayendetsedwe ka ma electron mu semiconductor crystal. Choncho dzina "photonic crystal". Mapangidwe a photonic crystal amalepheretsa kufalikira kwa mafunde a kuwala mkati mwake mumtundu wina wa wavelengths. Ndiye otchedwa photon kusiyana. Lingaliro la kupanga ma crystal a photonic adapangidwa nthawi imodzi mu 1987 m'malo awiri ofufuza aku US.

Eli Jablonovich wa Bell Communications Research ku New Jersey adagwira ntchito pazida zopangira ma transistors a Photonic. Apa ndipamene adayambitsa mawu akuti "photonic bandgap". Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, Sajiv John wa ku yunivesite ya Prieston, pamene anali kuyesetsa kukonza luso la ma laser amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhulana ndi matelefoni, anapeza kusiyana komweko. Mu 1991, Eli Yablonovich analandira chithunzithunzi choyamba galasi. Mu 1997, njira yayikulu yopezera makhiristo idapangidwa.

Chitsanzo cha kristalo wopangidwa mwachilengedwe wamitundu itatu ndi opal, chitsanzo cha chithunzi cha phiko la gulugufe wamtundu wa Morpho. Komabe, makhiristo a photonic nthawi zambiri amapangidwa mwachinyengo m'ma laboratories kuchokera ku silicon, yomwe imakhalanso ndi porous. Malinga ndi kapangidwe kawo, amagawidwa kukhala amodzi, awiri ndi atatu-dimensional. Chosavuta kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a mbali imodzi. Magalasi a photonic amtundu umodzi ndi odziwika bwino komanso ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, omwe amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe owonetserako omwe amadalira kutalika kwa kuwala kwa chochitikacho. M'malo mwake, ichi ndi galasi la Bragg, lomwe lili ndi zigawo zambiri zokhala ndi ma indices apamwamba komanso otsika. Galasi la Bragg limagwira ntchito ngati fyuluta yotsika pang'ono, ma frequency ena amawonekera pomwe ena amadutsa. Mukagudubuza galasi la Bragg mu chubu, mumapeza mawonekedwe awiri.

Zitsanzo za magalasi opangidwa ndi adimensional photonic crystals ndi photonic optical fibers ndi photonic layers, zomwe, pambuyo pa kusinthidwa kangapo, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha njira ya kuwala kwa kuwala pamtunda wochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi machitidwe ochiritsira osakanikirana. Pakalipano pali njira ziwiri zopangira ma kristalo a photonic.

первый - PWM (njira yoyendera ndege) imatanthawuza mawonekedwe a mbali imodzi ndi ziwiri ndipo imakhala ndi mawerengedwe a ma equation a theoretical, kuphatikizapo Bloch, Faraday, Maxwell equations. chachiwiri Njira yopangira mawonekedwe a fiber optic ndi njira ya FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain), yomwe imaphatikizapo kuthetsa ma equation a Maxwell ndi kudalira nthawi ya mphamvu yamagetsi ndi maginito. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kuyesa manambala pakufalitsa mafunde a electromagnetic m'mapangidwe akristalo. M'tsogolomu, izi ziyenera kuthandizira kupeza makina opangira ma photonic okhala ndi miyeso yofanana ndi ya zida za microelectronic zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuwala.

Ntchito zina za photonic crystal:

• magalasi osankhidwa a laser resonator,
• kugawa mayankho a lasers,
• Ulusi wa Photonic (photonic crystal fiber), filaments ndi planar,
• Photonic semiconductors, mitundu yoyera kwambiri,
• Ma LED omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowonjezera, Microresonators, Metamatadium - zida zotsalira,
• Kuyesa kwa Broadband kwa zida za Photonic,
• spectroscopy, interferometry kapena optical coherence tomography (OCT) - pogwiritsa ntchito gawo lamphamvu.