Kodi magalimoto amagetsi ali ndi ma catalytic converters?

M'nkhaniyi, tikufufuza ngati ma EV ali ndi zosintha zothandizira komanso ngati akufunika.

Ma Catalytic converter amapezeka m'magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi petulo kuti achepetse kutulutsa kwamagalimoto. Komabe, magalimoto amagetsi sagwiritsa ntchito mafuta, ndiye amafunikirabe? Funso lotere likhoza kufunsidwa poyerekezera magalimoto amagetsi (EV) ndi mafuta a petulo.

Yankho ndi ayi, i.e. palibe otembenuza catalytic mu magalimoto amagetsi. Chifukwa chake n’chakuti sakuzifuna. Koma bwanji?

Kodi magalimoto amagetsi ali ndi chosinthira chothandizira?

Funso lalikulu lomwe nkhaniyi ikufotokoza ndilakuti ngati magalimoto amagetsi ali ndi chosinthira chothandizira. Yankho ndi ayi, chifukwa magalimoto amagetsi alibe otembenuza catalytic.

Magalimoto a Hybrid ndizosiyana chifukwa alibe magetsi okwanira ndipo ali ndi injini yoyaka mkati. Komabe, tiwona chifukwa chake satero, ndi zotsatira zotani zosakhala ndi chosinthira chothandizira. Choyamba, tiyenera kudziwa zomwe chosinthira chothandizira chimachita.

Chenjerani: Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ikukhudzana ndi magalimoto amagetsi, funso loti catalytic converter ikufunika komanso zina zokhudza iwo zimagwira ntchito mofanana ndi magalimoto amagetsi ambiri.

Kodi ma catalytic converters amachita chiyani

Catalytic converter ndi chida chomwe chimathandiza kuchepetsa mpweya woipa kuchokera ku injini yamagalimoto. Amawonjezeredwa ku chitoliro cha galimoto monga gawo la utsi wake. Chophimba chake chakunja chimakhala ndi chothandizira chomwe chimasintha mpweya wochokera ku injini (CO-HC-NOx) kukhala mpweya wabwino kwambiri (CO).₂-H₂ON₂), zomwe kenako zimaponyedwa mumlengalenga (onani chithunzi pansipa). [2]

Mipweya yopangidwa ndi injiniyo ndi ma hydrocarbon, ma oxide a nayitrogeni ndi carbon monoxide. Ntchito ya catalytic converter ndiyofunikira chifukwa mpweya wa monoxide ndi poizoni. Maselo ofiira a m’magazi amayamwa mpweya umenewu ndipo amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa okosijeni wofunikira kuti moyo ukhalebe ndi moyo. [3]

Mwachidule, cholinga chake ndikupangitsa kuti utsi wagalimoto usawononge thanzi lathu komanso chilengedwe. Mipweya yomaliza yotulutsa mpweya (pambuyo pa catalysis) ndi carbon dioxide, madzi ndi nayitrogeni. Mpweya woipa nawonso siwowopsa, koma pang'ono kuposa carbon monoxide.

Zofunikira zamalamulo

Kukhala ndi chosinthira chothandizira m'galimoto ndikofunikira mwalamulo ngati galimotoyo ili ndi injini yoyaka mkati. Chofunikiracho chimawunikidwa pakuyezetsa mpweya kuti zitsimikizire kuti zilipo komanso zikugwira ntchito moyenera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kovomerezeka kwa chosinthira chothandizira kudayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1972 kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa mpweya ndi madzi apansi pagalimoto. Mfundo zingapo zofunika zokhudzana ndi otembenuza othandizira: [4]

• Ndizoletsedwa kusintha, kuletsa kapena kuchotsa chosinthira chothandizira mgalimoto.
• Mukasintha chosinthira chothandizira, chosinthiracho chiyenera kukhala chofanana.
• Kutsimikizira kutulutsa mpweya kumafunika pachaka.

Kuphatikiza pa magalimoto amagetsi, magalimoto apamsewu amachotsedwanso pachofunikira kuti akhale ndi chosinthira chothandizira.

Chifukwa Chake Magalimoto Amagetsi Safunikira Ma Catalytic Converter

Popeza chosinthira chothandizira chimagwira ntchito yochotsa zowononga mu injini yoyaka mkati mwagalimoto, ndipo magalimoto amagetsi alibe injini yoyaka mkati, samatulutsa mpweya wotulutsa. Chifukwa chake, magalimoto amagetsi safuna chosinthira chothandizira.

Zinthu zina magalimoto amagetsi alibe

Pali zinthu zingapo ma EV alibe, zomwe zimafotokozera chifukwa chake safunikira chosinthira chothandizira. Mwa iwo:

• Popanda injini yoyaka mkati
• Palibe chifukwa chopangira mafuta a injini kuti azipaka injini
• Palibe kupanga zowononga poizoni
• Ochepa makina mbali

Zotsatira za kusakhala ndi chosinthira chothandizira

Thanzi ndi chilengedwe

Kuperewera kwa chosinthira chothandizira, chifukwa magalimoto amagetsi satulutsa mpweya wotopetsa, kumapangitsa kuti azikhala okonda zachilengedwe kuposa magalimoto omwe amachita, makamaka potengera utsi wapoizoni.

Mlonda

Palinso chifukwa china chomwe kusowa kwa chosinthira chothandizira kumapangitsa magalimoto amagetsi kukhala otetezeka. Ichi ndi chitetezo pankhani yachitetezo. Ma Catalytic converter amakhala ndi zitsulo zodula monga platinamu, palladium ndi rhodium. Amathandizira pakusefera kuti achepetse mpweya woyipa mothandizidwa ndi kapangidwe ka zisa. Amatulutsa mpweya woipa, motero amatchedwa catalytic converter.

Komabe, kukonza kokwera mtengo kumapangitsa kuti zotembenuza zogulitsira zikhale chandamale cha akuba. Ngati chosinthira chothandizira ndichosavuta kuchotsa, chimapangitsa kukhala chandamale chowoneka bwino. Magalimoto ena amakhala ndi ma converter oposa amodzi.

Tsogolo lamtsogolo

Poganizira kukula komwe kukuyembekezeredwa kwa magalimoto amagetsi m'malo mwa magalimoto oyaka, kufunikira kwa ma catalytic converters kudzatsika.

Chokhumba chenicheni ndicho kupanga malo aukhondo. Magalimoto amagetsi amapereka mwayi wokhala ndi malo oyera komanso athanzi popanga magalimoto omwe samatulutsa mpweya woipa, zomwe zimathetsa kufunika kwa otembenuza catalytic.

Zikuoneka kuti m'zaka zingapo, zosinthira zida zamphamvu zidzakhala zotsalira zakale zamagalimoto zotulutsa mpweya wapoizoni.

Kuwongolera mpweya woipa ndi magalimoto amagetsi

Ngati magalimoto amagetsi (EVs) satulutsa mpweya woipa motero safunikira chosinthira chothandizira, ndiye chifukwa chiyani tikufunikabe kuwongolera mpweya woipa? Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti, ngakhale magalimoto amagetsi pawokha samatulutsa mpweya woipa, zinthu zimasintha panthawi yopanga ndi kulipiritsa.

Opanga magalimoto amagetsi amatulutsa mpweya wambiri wa carbon dioxide (CO₂) zotulutsa zomangira magalimoto amagetsi, ndi ma network olipira potengera magalimoto amagetsi akupitilizabe kudalira kwambiri mphamvu zomwe sizingangowonjezeranso. Choncho, kuti magalimoto amagetsi safuna otembenuza catalytic sikutanthauza kuti tapulumutsidwa kwathunthu ku kufunikira kolamulira mpweya woipa.

Kufotokozera mwachidule

Tidafufuza ngati magalimoto amagetsi ali ndi chosinthira chothandizira. Tinawasonyeza kuti sakufunika, ndiyeno tinawafotokozera chifukwa chimene sakufunikira. Chifukwa chomwe magalimoto amagetsi alibe ndipo safunikira chosinthira chothandizira ndikuti satulutsa mpweya woipa ngati magalimoto okhala ndi injini zamafuta oyatsira mkati.

Mpweya woopsa kwambiri ndi carbon monoxide. Chosinthira chothandizira chimatembenuza mpweya uwu ndi mipweya ina iwiri (ma hydrocarbon ndi ma oxide a nayitrojeni) kukhala mpweya wotetezeka kwambiri, kuphatikiza madzi ndi nayitrogeni.

Mpweya woipa kwambiri wa carbon monoxide umafunika chosinthira chothandizira. Popeza magalimoto amagetsi samatulutsa mpweya woipa, palibe malamulo ovomerezeka.

Komabe, tawonetsanso kuti ngakhale kuti magalimoto amagetsi angawoneke ngati otetezeka ku thanzi lathu ndi chilengedwe, mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide panthawi yopanga ndi kuwalipiritsa umafunikabe kulamulira mpweya woipa.

Komabe, popeza kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi kukuyembekezeka kuchulukirachulukira m'tsogolomu, izi zikutanthauza kuti kufunikira kwa otembenuza catalytic kupitilira kugwa.

Onani zina mwazolemba zathu pansipa.

• Ndi ma amps angati omwe amatenga kuti azilipiritsa galimoto yamagetsi
• multimeter test output
• Kubowola kwa VSR ndi chiyani

ayamikira

[1] Allan Bonnick ndi Derek Newbold. Njira yothandiza pakupanga ndi kukonza magalimoto. 3^rd Baibulo. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier. 2011.

[2] Christy Marlow ndi Andrew Morkes. Makina opangira makina: Kugwira ntchito pansi pa hood. Mason Cross. 2020.

[3] T. C. Garrett, C. Newton, ndi W. Steeds. Galimoto. 13^th Baibulo. Butterworth-Heinemann. 2001.

[4] Michel Seidel. Malamulo a catalytic converter. Kuchotsedwa kuchokera https://legalbeagle.com/7194804-catalytic-converter-laws.html. Legal beagle. 2018.