Kugwiritsa ntchito ma turbocharger
Ma turbocharger nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza magwiridwe antchito amafuta amafuta ndi dizilo. Kukhalitsa kwawo kumadalira kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera.
Ma turbocharger nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito amafuta amafuta ndi dizilo. Mfundo ya ntchito yawo ndikulumikiza makina opangira mpweya wotulutsa mpweya ndi rotor yomwe imakanikiza mpweya womwe umalowetsedwa mu masilinda.
Turbocharger ili ndi ubwino wambiri, kuphatikizapo: mapangidwe osavuta, kusowa kwa galimoto yowonjezera komanso mtengo wochepa wopanga. Chipangizochi chilinso ndi zovuta zina monga kuchedwa pakati pa dalaivala akukankhira gasi ndi kuyankha kwa turbine, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "turbo lag", komanso kukhala wokonzeka kusokoneza ntchito. Turbo hole idayambitsa 
Kulephera kwa kompresa kudziyimira pawokha kusintha kusintha kwa injini liwiro ndi katundu. Mayankho alipo kale kuti azitha kusintha ma turbocharger. Awa ndi ma bypass mavavu omwe amawongolera mpweya wowonjezera ku mbali ya utsi, komanso ma turbocharger apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi ma turbine geometry.
Pogwira ntchito, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa wogwiritsa ntchito galimoto ndi chidziwitso cha zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri nthawi ya turbocharger yopanda mavuto. Choyamba, turbocharger rotor ali ndi misa ndi miyeso, komanso kugwirizana misa mphindi ya inertia. Pa ntchito, rotor Imathandizira kuti liwiro la 100 - 120 zikwi rpm. Izi zimathamanga nthawi 10 kuposa injini yagalimoto ya Formula 1. Chifukwa chake, turbine rotor ndiyokhazikika bwino ndipo kunyamula kwake kumathandizira mafuta operekedwa ndi mpope wamafuta a injini. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito turbocharger, kuphatikiza pakukonza, njira yoyendetsera ndiyofunika kwambiri.
Pofuna kupewa kulowetsedwa kwa dothi, mpweya wolowa uyenera kukhala woyera mwa kusintha fyuluta nthawi zonse. Kusintha kulikonse koyenera, monga ma depositi a dothi, pa liwiro lokwera kwambiri kumathandizira kuvala msanga. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku sing'anga yozizira ndi yopaka mafuta, kuyang'ana kusintha kwa injini ya injini. Komanso, musagwiritse ntchito mafuta a kalasi yotsika kwambiri kusiyana ndi momwe amapangira magalimoto. Kuyesera kusintha mtundu wa mafuta, kalasi ya mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi khalidwe kumakhudza kwambiri injini ndi mayunitsi ake. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwamafuta, kutayika kwa mafuta ake ndi zoteteza kumakhudza kwambiri kulimba kwa mayendedwe ndi momwe injini yonse ikuyendera. Mu mayunitsi okhala ndi mtunda wautali, "kutenga" mafuta, mulingo wake uyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi ndikuwonjezera.
Pambuyo poyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati kwa kanthawi (nthawi yochepa m'chilimwe, nthawi yayitali m'nyengo yozizira), mafuta samapita kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mayendedwe a compressor. Panthawi imeneyi, amathiridwa mafuta ochepa kwambiri, chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwa mafuta. Chifukwa chake, mutatha kuyambitsa injini yozizira, kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwa gasi ndikuyamba mwadzidzidzi kuyenera kupewedwa. Njira yoyendetsera iyi imapangitsa kuti ma bearings azikhala osakwanira mafuta kwakanthawi, zomwe zimachepetsa moyo wawo. Komano, poyendetsa galimoto pambuyo kutenthetsa mphamvu unit, m'pofunika kusunga injini kuthamanga mu osiyanasiyana sing'anga ndi mkulu liŵiro. Kuyimitsidwa koyenera kwa injini ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti compressor ikhale ndi moyo wautali. Pambuyo poyendetsa galimoto, pampu yamafuta imasiya kugwira ntchito. Sichimapereka gawo lamafuta atsopano kumayendedwe a turbine, rotor yothamanga yomwe imapitilirabe kusinthasintha mwachangu kwa masekondi angapo. Panthawi imeneyi, mafuta odzola zitsulo amakhala otentha kwambiri, kutentha kumachitika mmenemo, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timapanga timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa, zomwe zimatsogolera ku chiwonongeko chawo. Mukamayendetsa injini ya turbocharged, dikirani masekondi angapo musanayitseke. Panthawiyi, kuthamanga kwa turbine kumachepa ndipo mwayi wowonongeka kwa mayendedwe umachepetsedwa.
Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito turbocharger mopanda vuto zimatengera momwe amagwirira ntchito. Komabe, ziyenera kutsindika kuti panali zida zingapo zomwe sizinapangidwe bwino ndi opanga ndipo zidalephera pakapita nthawi yochepa. Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha kuwonongeka kwa turbocharger chimamveka bwino pakugwedezeka pamalo pomwe idakhazikitsidwa. Pakawonongeka kwambiri, kukangana kwachitsulo-pa-zitsulo kumamveka, utsi wambiri woyera umachokera ku chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya, galimotoyo sichikuthamangabe.
Ma turbocharger owonongeka amatha kupangidwanso. Maphunziro apadera ali ndi chidziwitso choyenera, zochitika ndi zida zokonzera. Mtengo wa kusinthika wamba ndi / kutengera kukula kwa turbine / kuchokera PLN 800 mpaka 2000 ndipo kangapo kutsika mtengo wa chipangizo chatsopano.
