Nissan Patrol injini

"Nissan Patrol" - galimoto yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi, amene anakwanitsa kupambana chikondi ndi ulemu kwa anthu amene amakonda magalimoto aakulu ndi luso kuwoloka dziko pa nthawi yaitali kwambiri kupanga.

Idayambitsidwa koyamba mu 1951 m'mabaibulo awiri, malingaliro omwe adakhalabe m'mibadwo yotsatira: khomo laling'ono laling'ono lazitseko zitatu ndi SUV yodzaza ndi magudumu asanu. Komanso, kutengera mtundu wathunthu, panali zotengera ndi zonyamula katundu (gulu la magalimoto opepuka pa chimango).

Mu nthawi kuchokera 1988 mpaka 1994 ku Australia, chitsanzocho chinagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina la Ford Maverick, m'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya ankadziwika kuti Ebro Patrol, ndipo mu 1980 dzina lodziwika bwino linali "Nissan Safari". Galimotoyi tsopano ikugulitsidwa ku Australia, Central ndi South America, m'mayiko ena a Southeast Asia ndi Western Europe, komanso ku Iran ndi Central Asia, kupatulapo North America, kumene mtundu wosinthidwa wotchedwa Nissan Armada wagulitsidwa. kuyambira 2016.

Kuphatikiza pa matembenuzidwe a anthu wamba, mzere wapadera unapangidwanso pa nsanja ya Y61, yomwe imapezeka ku Asia ndi Middle East ngati galimoto yankhondo, komanso galimoto yochitira ntchito zapadera. Pulatifomu yatsopano ya Y62 idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Irish Army.

M'badwo woyamba 4W60 (1951-1960)

Pofika chaka cha kupanga, ambiri angaganize kuti dziko lodziwika bwino la Willis Jeep linakhala maziko a chilengedwe. Koma izi makamaka zimakhudza maonekedwe ndi ergonomics, pamene injini anaika pa 4W60 anali penapake wosiyana ndi American. Panali injini 4 zonse, zonse mu "inline-six" kasinthidwe, mafuta. Ntchito zazikuluzikulu zinakhazikitsidwa pa chitsanzo: galimoto yapamsewu wamba, galimoto yankhondo yopanda msewu, galimoto yonyamula katundu, galimoto yozimitsa moto.

Injini yapamwamba ya 3.7L NAK yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa basi ya Nissan 290 panthawiyo idatulutsa 75 hp. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatirazi zidayikidwanso: 3.7 l NB, 4.0 NC ndi 4.0 P. NB - injini yosinthidwa malinga ndi mphamvu - 105 hp. pa 3400 rpm ndi makokedwe a 264 N * m pa 1600 rpm motsutsana ndi 206 yapitayi. Kuchita bwino kwa 1955, sichoncho? Komanso, gearbox ankaganiza kugwirizana kutsogolo gudumu pagalimoto.

Ma injini a "P" anali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndipo adayikidwa moyenerera pamene chitsanzocho chinasinthidwa. Mndandanda wa injini zoyatsira mkatizi zidasinthidwa ndikuyengedwa kangapo, ndipo mitundu yake idayikidwa pa Patrol mpaka 2003.

M'badwo Wachiwiri 60 (1959-1980)

Kusintha kwakukulu mu mawonekedwe mu nkhani iyi, panalibe kusintha kwakukulu pansi pa nyumba - panali sita yamphamvu "P" 4.0l. Ponena za galimoto iyi, tingaone kusiyana ena luso, amene analola "Nissan Patrol" kusintha wagawo mphamvu kwa zaka 10. Kusamuka kwa 3956 cu. masentimita, zipinda zoyaka moto za hemispherical ndi crankshaft yokhazikika yanjira zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kuyendetsa unyolo, carburetor ndi mavavu 12 (2 pa silinda), kukanikiza kuchokera 10.5 mpaka 11.5 kg/cm². Mafuta nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito (ndipo palinso zitsanzo ndi injini yoyaka mkati) 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40.

M'badwo wachitatu 160 (1980-1989)

Mu 1980, mndandandawu unatulutsidwa m'malo mwa chitsanzo cha 60. Mndandanda watsopano unaperekedwa ndi injini 4 zatsopano, koma "P40" inapitirizabe kukhazikitsidwa. 2.4L Z24 yaying'ono kwambiri ndi petulo 4-cylinder ICE yokhala ndi jakisoni wa throttle body, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti NAPS-Z (Nissan anti-pollution system).

Ma injini a L28 ndi L28E - kodi awa ndi magetsi opangira mafuta? Osiyana wina ndi mzake ndi dongosolo mafuta kotunga. L28 ili ndi carburetor, ndipo kusinthidwa kwake kuli ndi jekeseni yoyendetsedwa ndi ECU kuchokera ku Bosh, yomwe imachokera ku L-Jetronic system. L28E ndi imodzi mwa injini zoyambirira za ku Japan zomwe zili ndi dongosolo lotere. Mwaukadaulo, ngakhale mndandandawu, zosiyana zingapo zimakhazikitsidwa: ma pistoni okhala ndi pamwamba lathyathyathya, chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana chikuwonjezeka ndipo mphamvu imakwezedwa kuchokera ku 133 mpaka 143 hp.

Dizilo SD33 ndi SD33T ali ndi voliyumu ya 3.2 malita. Izi ndi tingachipeze powerenga mu mzere injini dizilo "Nissan" amene ali otchuka kwambiri mu masanjidwe a mndandanda Patrol 160, mphamvu makhalidwe awo si mkulu, koma makokedwe ndi zokwanira luso kuwoloka dziko ndi chitukuko chabwino liwiro pa khwalala. 100-120 Km / h). Kusiyana kwa mphamvu pakati pa injini izi kwagona pa mfundo yakuti SD33T ili ndi turbocharger, zomwe zimamveka bwino kuchokera ku zolemba.

M'badwo wachitatu unali ndi mndandanda wapadera wa 260 wopangidwa ku Spain wotchedwa Ebro. Kuphatikiza pa Z24, L28, SD33, chomera cha Nissan Iberica chinayika injini ya dizilo yaku Spain ya 2.7 l Perkins MD27 yokhala ndi gearbox yopangidwa kwanuko kuti igwirizane ndi malamulo aku Spain. Adayikanso 2.8 RD28 ndi mtundu wake wa turbocharged.

M'badwo wachinayi Y60 (1987-1997)

Mndandanda wa Y60 uli kale wosiyana kwambiri ndi wam'mbuyo muzowonjezereka zamakina, monga: kuwonjezereka kwa chitonthozo chamkati, kuyimitsidwa kwa kasupe kosinthidwa komwe kunalowa m'malo mwa akasupe. Ponena za mayunitsi amagetsi, panalinso kusintha kwathunthu - kusintha mitundu yonse ya injini yam'mbuyomu, zida 4 za mndandanda wa RD, RB, TB ndi TD zidayikidwa.

RD28T ndimtundu wa Nissan wamzere wamasilinda asanu ndi limodzi, oyendetsa dizilo komanso ma turbocharged. Ma valve 2 pa silinda, camshaft imodzi (SOHC). Mndandanda wa RB umagwirizana ndi RD, koma injinizi zimayendera mafuta. Monga RD, ndi gawo la mzere wa silinda sikisi, mtundu wake womwe umapitilira 4000 rpm. Mphamvu ya RB30S ndi apamwamba kuposa ambiri akalambula galimoto chitsanzo ichi, ndi makokedwe pa mlingo womwewo. Kulemba "S" kumasonyeza zipangizo ndi carburetor monga dongosolo osakaniza kotunga. Injini iyi idayikidwanso muzosintha zina pa Skyline yodziwika bwino.

TB42S / TB42E - injini ndi zazikulu L6 (4.2 l) ndi amphamvu, ndipo kuyambira 1992 ali okonzeka ndi dongosolo jekeseni pakompyuta ndi poyatsira pakompyuta. Kukonzekera kumakhala kotero kuti mpweya wolowa ndi wotulutsa mpweya uli kumbali zosiyana za mutu wa silinda. Poyambirira, mafuta opangira mafuta ndi mapangidwe osakaniza adagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito carburetor yokhala ndi zipinda ziwiri, ndipo zamakono zinaperekedwa kwa makandulo kupyolera mu wogawa mfundo. TD42 ndi mndandanda wa injini za dizilo za silinda zisanu ndi imodzi zomwe zayikidwa pamitundu yambiri pazaka zambiri, koma Y60 inali ndi TD422. TD42 ndi buku la injini ya dizilo ya silinda sikisi yokhala ndi prechamber. Mutu wa silinda ndi wofanana ndi TB42.

Mbadwo wachisanu Y61 (1997-2013; wopangidwabe m'mayiko ena)

Mu Disembala 1997, kwa nthawi yoyamba, mndandandawu udapezeka mu kasinthidwe ndi 4.5, 4.8 malita a petulo, 2.8, 3.0 ndi 4.2 malita a injini zoyatsira mkati za dizilo, masanjidwe ena okhala ndi dzanja lamanja ndi lamanzere kumayiko osiyanasiyana, komanso nthawi yoyamba yomwe mungasankhe yokhala ndi gearbox ya automatic idaperekedwa. .

TB48DE ndi injini ya petulo yokhala ndi silinda sikisi yomwe ili kale ndi mphamvu komanso torque yomwe ili pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndi theka kuposa mibadwo yam'mbuyomu. Ma camshaft awiri ndi ma valve 4 pa silinda, ndi ntchito ya valve yoyendetsedwa ndi Valve Timing Control system.

TB45E ndi gawo lokonzedwanso lomwe lakhala likukula kuchokera ku 96mm mpaka 99.5mm ndi sitiroko yomweyo. Njira zoyatsira pamagetsi ndi jakisoni wamagetsi zasintha magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta.

R28ETi imabwera m'mitundu iwiri yomwe imasiyana wina ndi mzake mu kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zawonjezeredwa ku RD28ETi ndi kutaya pang'ono kwa torque. Zida zawo zamakono ndizofanana: kuwongolera zamagetsi kwa turbine, chosinthira kutentha choziziritsira kutuluka kwa mpweya wokakamizidwa.

ZD30DDTi ndi XNUMX-lita, mu mzere, silinda silinda turbocharged unit ndi exchanger kutentha. Injini ya dizilo iyi imasiyana ndi yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kale, monga ena am'badwo uno, ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo komanso ma torque chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa makina atsopano okhathamiritsa injini zamagetsi.

Chithunzi cha TD42T3

M'badwo wachisanu ndi chimodzi Y62 (2010-panopa)

Mbadwo waposachedwa wa Nisan Patrol, womwe umadziwikanso kuti Infiniti QX56 ndi Nissan Armada, uli ndi chilichonse chomwe anthu ambiri amachiwona m'magalimoto amakono. Zida zamakono zidachepetsedwa kuti zigwiritse ntchito injini zitatu zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimayenera kalasi yolemetsa ya SUV, yomwe ndi: VK56VD V8, VK56DE V8 ndi VQ40DE V6.

VK56VD ndi VK56DE ndi injini zazikulu zomwe zikupanga Nissan pano. Kusintha kwa V8, voliyumu 5.6l kuli mu mzimu wa opanga magalimoto aku America, omwe adamanga koyamba ku Tennessee. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa injini ziwirizi ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimadalira jekeseni (molunjika) ndi kulamulira kwa valve (VVEL ndi CVTCS).

VQ40DE V6 ndi injini yaying'ono ya 4 lita, yokhala ndi ma camshaft opepuka komanso kutalika kosiyanasiyana. Kusintha kangapo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamakono kwapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke kwambiri mawonekedwe amphamvu, komanso kuzigwiritsa ntchito popanga mitundu ina yamagalimoto omwe amafunikira deta yotere kuti agwiritse ntchito kwambiri.

Chidule cha tebulo la injini za Nissan Patrol

Injini	Mphamvu, hp/revs	Torque, N * m / Turnover	Zaka kukhazikitsa
3.7 NAK i6	75/3200	206/1600	1951-1955
3.7 NB I6	105/3400	264/1600	1955-1956
4.0 NC I6	105-143 / 3400	264-318 / 1600	1956-1959
4.0 .0 P I6 I6	125/3400	264/1600	1960-1980
2.4 Z24 l4	103/4800	182/2800	1983-1986
2.8 L28/L28E l6	120/~4000	****	1980-1989
3.2 SD33 l6 (dizilo)	81/3600	237/1600	1980-1983
3.2 SD33T l6 (dizilo)	93/3600	237/1600	1983-1987
4.0 P40 l6	125/3400	264/1600	1980-1989
2.7 Perkins MD27 l4 (dizilo)	72-115 / 3600	****	1986-2002
2.8 RD28T I6-T (Dizilo)	113/4400	255/2400	1996-1997
3.0 RB30S I6	140/4800	224/3000	1986-1991
4.2 TB42S/TB42E I6	173/4200	32/3200	1987-1997
4.2 TD42 I6 (dizilo)	123/4000	273/2000	1987-2007
4.8 TB48DE I6	249/4800	420/3600	2001-
2.8 RD28ETi I6 (Dizilo)	132/4000	287/2000	1997-1999
3.0 ZD30DDTi I4 (Dizilo)	170/3600	363/1800	1997-
4.2 TD42T3 I6 (Dizilo)	157/3600	330/2200	1997-2002
4.5 TB45E I6	197/4400	348/3600	1997-
5.6 VK56VD V8	400/4900	413/3600	2010-
5.6 VK56DE V8	317/4900	385/3600	2010-2016
Chithunzi cha 4.0 VQ40DE V6	275/5600	381/4000	2017-