Mazda B-mndandanda wa injini
Zamkatimu
Mazda B-series injini ndi mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono. Masilinda anayi amakonzedwa motsatira. Voliyumu imasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 1,1 mpaka 1,8 malita. Poyamba valani magalimoto oyendetsa kutsogolo otsika mtengo.
Pambuyo pake, injiniyo inali ndi turbine ndipo inayamba kugwira ntchito ngati gawo lamagetsi la magalimoto oyendetsa kumatako ndi magudumu onse. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimatsimikizira kuti ngati lamba wa nthawiyo athyoka, ma pistoni ndi ma valve sizidzawonongeka.
Chilolezo chotsegula ma valve chimaperekedwa pamalo aliwonse omwe angakhalepo a pistoni.
Kale mu mndandanda wa B1, jekeseni idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga injini. Mu mndandanda BJ injini analandira mavavu 16 ndi 88 HP. Mndandanda wa B3 ndi injini zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira 58 mpaka 73 hp, yomwe idayikidwa pa Mazda ndi mitundu ina kuyambira 1985 mpaka 2005. Mndandanda wa B5 ndi 8-vavu SOHC, 16-vavu SOHC, 16-vavu DOHC zosiyanasiyana. Injini ya 16-valve (DOHC) idapangidwanso mu dizilo.
Mndandanda wa B6 unali kusinthidwa kwa B3. Ma injini a jakisoni a 1,6 L adaperekedwa ku Europe, Australia ndi England. V6T - turbocharged version yokhala ndi intercooling ndi jekeseni wamafuta. Zakhazikitsidwa pamakina oyendetsa magudumu onse. Mndandanda wa B6D unali wosiyana ndi B6 pakuponderezedwa kwapamwamba komanso kusowa kwa turbine. Mbali ya B6ZE (PC) ndi ma flywheel opepuka komanso crankshaft. Chiwaya chamafuta chimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu ndipo chimakhala ndi zipsepse zoziziritsa.
Mtundu wa B8 wa injiniyo udagwiritsa ntchito chipika chatsopano chokhala ndi malo otalikirapo a silinda. Mtundu wa BP uli ndi camshaft yapawiri pamwamba ndi ma valve 4 pa silinda. Mtundu wa VRT umagwiritsa ntchito intercooler ndi turbocharging. Mtundu wa BPD ndi womwe uli ndi turbocharged kwambiri, wokhala ndi turbocharger yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi. BP-4W ndi mtundu wowongoleredwa wa BP. Imakhala ndi njira yosinthira ma ducts. Mtundu wa BP-i Z3 uli ndi nthawi yosinthika ya valve pakudya.
Zolemba zamakono
Mwachitsanzo, ndi bwino kutchula injini wamba B6 ndi dongosolo mavavu ndi camshaft mtundu 16 (DOHC). injini iyi anaika pa chiwerengero chachikulu cha magalimoto.
Makhalidwe a B6:
| Chiwerengero cha mavuvu | 16 |
|---|---|
| Kugwiritsa ntchito injini | 1493 |
| Cylinder m'mimba mwake | 75.4 |
| Kupweteka kwa pisitoni | 83.3 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 9.5 |
| Mphungu | (133)/4500 Nm/(rpm) |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu | 96 kW (hp) / 5800 rpm |
| Mtundu wamafuta amafuta | anagawira jekeseni |
| Mtundu wamafuta | mafuta |
| Mtundu wotumizira | 4-automatic transmission (Overdrive), 5-speed manual (Overdrive) |
Nambala ya injini yama injini B nthawi zambiri imakhala pansi pakona yakumanja, pansi pa chivundikiro cha valve. Pulatifomu yapadera ili pakati pa chipika ndi jekeseni.
Funso la maintainability ndi kudalirika
Mwa magalimoto oyamba amene anaika injini B-mndandanda, ndi zomveka kusankha 121 Mazda 1991. Galimoto yaying'ono yokhala ndi injini ya B1 imatha kukonzedwa popanda vuto lililonse. Mavuto ena amaperekedwa, mwina, ndi ma shock absorbers. Panjira ndi nthawi sizimalepheretsa kuyimitsidwa, zomwe sizigwira bwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, chogwiracho chimakhala chofooka.
Mtengo wa zida zosinthira nthawi zambiri umaposa mtengo wa anzawo aku Germany. Mwa ubwino, m'pofunika kuunikira mkulu-makokedwe mphamvu - yaing'ono kakulidwe galimoto molimba mtima kutenga 850 kg. Kuonjezera apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, zomwe, ndithudi, zimakondweretsa.
Chitsanzo china cha galimoto yatsopano ndi Mazda 323. Galimoto yoyendetsedwa ndi BJ ili ndi mapangidwe amakono (1998). Ndi mphamvu yotereyi, galimotoyo ilibe mphamvu.
Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha mtunda, gearbox imalephera. Nthawi zina, kutayikira kwa mafuta kumawonedwa, komwe kumafunikira m'malo mwa chisindikizo chachikulu chamafuta m'bokosi. Kukonza mu nkhani iyi ndi okwera mtengo ndithu, choncho nthawi zina, oyendetsa musati kuchita izo.
Injini ya BJ nthawi zambiri imawonongeka chifukwa cha kulephera kwa nthawi, m'malo mwake yomwe imagundanso chikwama cha woyendetsa galimoto. Nthawi zina pampu yamafuta imalephera. Pachikhalidwe nkhawa cheke choyaka. Nthawi zina, m'pofunika m'malo babu kapena basi kufala madzimadzi.
Kawirikawiri, mtengo wa zida zosinthira galimoto ya kalasi iyi ndi wolekerera. Komabe, penapake apamwamba kuposa Mwachitsanzo, kwa injini W124. Poyerekeza, mapepala, makandulo ndi mphete zimawononga 15-20% zambiri. Zikavuta kwambiri, mutha kugula zida zosinthira zopangidwa ku China, zomwe mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi 2 kutsika. Kukhazikika kwa injini za B-mndandanda kuli pamlingo woyenera. Kusintha zida ndi zomangirira zili mkati mwa mphamvu zamakanikidwe a novice auto mechanics.
Mndandanda wa injini ndi zitsanzo zomwe injini yoyaka mkati idayikidwa
| Mndandanda | Voliyumu (cc) | Mphamvu za akavalo | Zitsanzo Zamagalimoto |
|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | 1138 | 55 | Mazda (121,121s), Kia Sephia |
| BJ | 1290 | 88 | Ford Festiva, Mazda 323 |
| B3 | 1324 | 54, 58, 63, 72, 73 | Kia (Rio, Pride, Avella), Sao Penza, Ford (Laser, Aspire, Festiva) Mazda (Demio, Familia, 323, 121, Autozam Revue) |
| V3-ME | 1300 | 85 | Mazda banja |
| B3-E | 1323 | 83 | Mazda |
| B3-MI | 1323 | 76 | Ndemanga ya Mazda |
| B5 | 1498 | 73, 76, 82, 88 | Mazda (Etude, Familia BF Wagon, BF), Ford (Laser KE, Ford Festiva), Timor S515 |
| B5E | 1498 | 100 | Mazda |
| B5-ZE | 1498 | 115-125 | Mazda Autozam AZ-3 |
| B5-M | 1498 | 91 | Ford Laser, BG Banja |
| B5-MI | 1498 | 88, 94 | Familia BG, Autozam Review |
| B5-INE | 1498 | 80, 88, 92, 100 | Demio, Ford (Festiva Mini Wagon, Festiva), Kia (Hazelnut, Sephia) |
| B5-DE | 1498 | 105, 119, 115, 120 | Familia BG ndi Astina, Ford Laser KF/KH, Timor S515i DOHC, Kia (Sephia, Rio) |
| B6 | 1597 | 87 | Mazda (Family, Xedos 6, Miata, 323F BG, Astina BG, 323 BG, MX-3, 323), Kia (Rio, Sephia, Shuma, Spectra), Ford (Laser KF/KH, Laser KC/KE), Mercury Tracer |
| B6T | 1597 | 132, 140, 150 | Mercury Capri XR2, Ford Laser TX3, Mazda Familia BFMR/BFMP |
| B6D | 1597 | 107 | Ford Laser, Studies, Mazda (Familia, MX-3), Mercury Capri |
| B6-DE | 1597 | 115 | Mazda banja |
| B6ZE (RS) | 1597 | 90, 110, 116, 120 | Mazda (MX-5, GS/LS Family sedan, MX-5/Miata) |
| B8 | 1839 | 103, 106 | Mazda (Protects, 323s) |
| BP | 1839 | 129 | Suzuki Cultus Crescent/Baleno/Esteem, Mazda (MX-5/Miata, Lantis, Familia, 323, Protect GT, Infiniti, Protect ES, Protect LX, Artis LX, Familia GT), Kia Sephia (RS, LS, GS), Mercury Tracer LTS, Ford Escort (GT, LX-E, Laser KJ GLXi, Laser TX3) |
| Mtengo wa BPT | 1839 | 166, 180 | Mazda (323, GT-X Family), Ford (Laser, Laser TX3 turbo) |
| BPD | 1839 | 290 | Mazda Family (GT-R, GTAe) |
| BP-4W | 1839 | 178 | Mazda (liwiro MX-5 (turbo), MX-5/Miata) |
| BP-Z3 | 1839 | 210 | Mazda (ВР-Z3, liwiro MX-5 turbo, MX-5 SP) |
| BPF1 | 1840 | 131 | Mazda MX-5 |
| BP-ZE | 1839 | 135-145 | Mazda (Roadster, MX-5, Lantis, Familia, Eunos 100) |
Mafuta
Oyendetsa galimoto nthawi zambiri amasankha mafuta amtundu wa Castrol ndi Shell Helix Ultra, nthawi zambiri kusankha kumayima ku Addinol ndi Lukoil. Ma injini a B-series sakupangidwa pano, kotero ali ndi ma mileage ambiri. Poganizira izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kudzaza mafuta otsika kwambiri, mwachitsanzo 5w40 kapena 0w40. Yotsirizirayi ndi yabwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'miyezi yozizira.
Kutsegula
Kupititsa patsogolo luso laumisiri ndi chithunzi chakunja chagalimoto kumachitika kulikonse. Mazda Familia ndi imodzi mwa magalimoto omwe nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa. Pali magalimoto okhala ndi zitseko za lambo. Mitundu yonse ya zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku ziwalo zakunja za thupi: zowunikira, zitseko, zitseko, magalasi owonetsera kumbuyo, ma bumpers, zogwirira zitseko. Monga chokongoletsera, mapadi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabowo a mabuleki oimikapo magalimoto, chiwongolero ndi ma pedals. Kuphatikiza apo, nyali zakutsogolo ndi zam'mbuyo zamapangidwe osinthidwa zimayikidwa. Popaka utoto, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mazda Familia ili ndi powertrain yosayenera kuyikonza. Sizomveka kupanganso injini yotsika mphamvu. Kuti musinthe, mtundu wa BJ ndiwoyenera. Injini ya mndandanda uwu ndi voliyumu 1,5 malita (190 hp) Imathandizira kuti 200 ndiyamphamvu pamene turbine anaika. Ndipo izi zimangokhala ndi 0,5 kg ya mphamvu.
Kuchotsa injini
Kusinthana kwa injini nthawi zambiri kumakhala njira yokhayo yotsika mtengo pokonza galimoto. Magalimoto okhala ndi ma injini a B-series nawonso.
Mwachitsanzo, injini "Mazda MX5" (B6) - mmodzi wa angakwanitse kwambiri magalimoto Japanese. Mtengo wa msonkhano wa msonkhano umayamba kuchokera ku ma ruble 15. Komanso, injini wina kuyaka mkati Mazda 323 ndalama kuchokera 18 zikwi rubles.
Injini ya contract
Kugula injini mgwirizano wa Mazda MX5 chomwecho ndithu weniweni. Monga lamulo, mayunitsi amaperekedwa kuchokera ku Europe, popanda kuthamanga kudutsa Russia. Palinso injini zomwe zinali kugwira ntchito ku Australia, Canada, USA, South Korea, England ndi Europe. Chitsimikizo chapakati pa masiku 14 mpaka 30 kuyambira tsiku lolandira katundu kuchokera ku kampani yonyamula katundu kapena kumalo osungiramo katundu wa wogulitsa. Kutumiza kumachitika ku Russian Federation ndipo nthawi zambiri m'maiko a CIS. Nthawi yobweretsera imadalira mtunda wa komwe mukupita.
Pa injini ya mgwirizano, atha kufunsa kuti alipiretu 10% ya mtengowo. Ndi injini, ngati n'koyenera, buku kapena kufala automatic amaperekedwa. Pogula, mgwirizano wogulitsa ndi kutumiza umapangidwa. Chilengezo cha kasitomu cha boma chaperekedwa.
Njira zolipirira ma mota olumikizirana ndi osiyanasiyana. Kulipira ndi khadi (kawirikawiri Sberbank), kusamutsa cashless ku akaunti yamakono, malipiro a ndalama pa kutumiza kwa mthenga kapena ndalama ku ofesi (ngati zilipo) zimaperekedwa. Mavenda ena amapereka kuchotsera kwa kukhazikitsa mu ntchito yawo yotsimikizira. Masitolo ndi mautumiki omwe amakhala makasitomala okhazikika amathanso kudalira kuchotsera.
Ndemanga zama injini a B-series
Ndemanga zamainjini a B-series nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodabwitsa. Ngakhale 1991 Mazda Familia amatha kuchita chidwi ndi agility ake. Galimoto yokhala ndi mtunda wautali komanso mbiri yochititsa chidwi imatha kukudabwitsani, makamaka pamasewera. Kutumiza kwadzidzidzi, kumene, kumagwira ntchito molimba mtima pang'ono, koma, komabe, kumagwira ntchito mokhazikika.
Imakhumudwitsa oyendetsa galimoto makamaka akuthamanga. Mabomba ndi ma racks nthawi zambiri amafuna kusinthidwa mozungulira. Pachikhalidwe, chifukwa cha "zaka za moyo", galimoto imafuna kujambula thupi. Monga lamulo, ogwiritsa ntchito amakonza zodzikongoletsera, kotero mtengo wa ziwalo za thupi ndizoletsedwa.
