Injini Mazda banja, makolo ake ngolo

"Mazda Family" - mndandanda wa magalimoto opangidwa kuyambira 1963 mpaka pano. Kwa nthawi yaitali, zopangidwa izi ankaona mndandanda wabwino kwambiri wa magalimoto onse opangidwa ndi Mazda.

Dzina la "Mazda" linatuluka pamzerewu ndipo ndi mgwirizano wa makampani a Mazda ndi Ford - mwachitsanzo, mtundu wodziwika bwino wa Laster unapangidwa kwa zaka zingapo.

Kusintha kwa magalimoto a Mazda kumaphatikizapo mibadwo ingapo yopanga magalimoto. Mbadwo woyamba unatulutsidwa mu September 1963 - imodzi mwa magalimoto oyambirira kupezeka kwa wogula anali kusinthidwa kwa zitseko ziwiri za ngolo ya "Mazda Familia". Chitsanzochi sichinali chothandiza kwenikweni ndipo sichinakwaniritse zofunikira zonse za ogula panthawiyo.

Kwenikweni ndi nthawi yopuma yochepa pazaka zingapo, mbadwo woyamba wa magalimoto unasinthidwa ndi kusinthidwa - ma sednas a zitseko zinayi, ngolo za station ndi coupes zinapezeka kwa oyendetsa galimoto.

Kuyambira 1968, m'badwo wotsatira wayimiridwa ndi ngolo za zitseko zisanu. Kwa zaka makumi angapo, Mazda yatulutsa mibadwo isanu ndi inayi yamagalimoto okhala ndi zida zosiyanasiyana.

Pakati pa zitsanzo zambiri ku Russia, otchuka kwambiri ndi awa:

• mazda family wagon;
• Mazda Familia sedan.

Pa kupanga Mazda surname ngolo ndi sedan mu 2000, restyling anayamba - kusintha structural zinthu zina za thupi ndi mkati. Zosinthazo zinakhudza zitsulo zamkati, magetsi akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo, komanso bumper.

Makhalidwe akuluakulu a zitsanzo za mazda:

1. Chiwerengero cha mipando yokhala ndi dalaivala - 5.
2. Kutengera kasinthidwe, zitsanzozo zimakhala ndi zoyendetsa kutsogolo kapena zonse. Monga lamulo, mafani oyendetsa magalimoto am'mizinda amakonda kuyendetsa magudumu akutsogolo, komwe kuli koyenera kupulumutsa mafuta komanso kukonza bwino chassis.
3. Chilolezo cha pansi ndi kutalika kuchokera pansi kupita kumalo otsika kwambiri a galimoto. Chilolezo cha Mazda surname lineup zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi galimoto - kuchokera masentimita 135 mpaka 170. Pafupifupi - 145-155 cm.
4. Mitundu yonse ya ma gearbox imayikidwa pamitundu - makina (MT), automatic (AT) ndi osinthika. Pa ngolo ya Mazda Familia, pali njira ziwiri zokha zomwe mungasankhe - kufalitsa kapena kufalitsa. Monga mukudziwira, chipani cha MCP ndi chonyozeka posamalira komanso kuti ndi chokhalitsa. Kutumiza kwamagetsi kumakhala ndi kachinthu kakang'ono, kumawonongera eni ake mtengo wamtengo wapatali, koma kumakhala komasuka muzambiri zamagalimoto. The Variator ndiyo njira yachuma kwambiri, koma yosadalirika potengera kapangidwe kake. Apa, mainjiniya a Mazda amapereka mwayi kwa oyendetsa galimoto.
5. Kuchuluka kwa thanki yamafuta kumasiyana kuchokera ku 40 mpaka 70 malita - ma voliyumu ochepa amafanana ndi magalimoto ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi injini yaying'ono.
6. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumatengera momwe munthu amayendera. Pamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono, kumwa kumayambira malita 3,7 pa 100 km. Pa magalimoto oyendetsa kutsogolo omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya injini, chiwerengerochi chimachokera ku 6 mpaka 8 malita, ndi magalimoto oyendetsa magudumu omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya pafupifupi malita awiri, kuchokera 8 mpaka 9,6 malita pa makilomita 100.

Mibadwo yaposachedwa yamagalimoto odziwika a Mazda ndi mitundu ya injini

Kupanga magalimoto	Injini
M'badwo wakhumi	HR15DE, Chithunzi cha HR16DE Chithunzi cha CR12DE Chithunzi cha MR18DE
M'badwo wachisanu ndi chinayi	B3 ZL RF B3-INE ZL-DE ZL-VE FS-ZE Chithunzi cha QG13DE Chithunzi cha QG15DE Chithunzi cha QG18DEN Chithunzi cha QG18DE YD22DD
m'badwo wachisanu ndi chitatu	B3-INE B5-ZE Z5-DE Z5-DEL ZL-DE ZL-VE FS-ZE FP-DE B6-DE 4EE1-T BP-ZE GA15 SR18 CD20
M'badwo wachisanu ndi chiwiri	B3 B5 B6 PN BP
M'badwo wachisanu ndi chimodzi	E3
E3 E5 B6 PN

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya injini

Pakupanga magalimoto, m'badwo uliwonse uli ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya injini zoyatsira mkati (ICE) - kuchokera ku subcompact kupita ku dizilo awiri lita. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ungwiro wa injini kuyaka mkati, komanso zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi misonkhano, anapitirira, kale mu 80s, injini ndi turbine anayamba kuonekera mu zitsanzo zina, amene anawonjezera mphamvu ndi kuyika magalimoto awa mu mpikisano onse poyerekeza ndi awo. anzanu akusukulu. Ma injini otchuka kwambiri omwe amaikidwa pamagalimoto a m'badwo wachisanu ndi chinayi ndi wakhumi.

• HR15DE - injini ya HR1498-valve four-cylinder ya mndandanda wa HR yokhala ndi ma silinda apakatikati. Injini yoyaka mkati mwa mndandandawu idakhazikitsidwa pamibadwo yakhumi yamagalimoto odziwika a mazda. Injini iyi inali yotchuka kwambiri isanayambe komanso itatha kukonzanso. Engine voliyumu 116 cm³, ndi mphamvu pazipita malita 92. Ndi. Dongosolo logawa gasi la DOHC limatanthawuza kuti injiniyo ili ndi ma camshaft awiri omwe amapereka kutsegulira kotsatizana ndi kutseka kwa ma valve. Mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi AI-95, AI-98, AI-5,8. Kumwa kwapakati kumayambira 6,8 mpaka 100 malita pa XNUMX km.

• HR16DE ndi yofananira ndi yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kale, imasiyana ndi yam'mbuyomu - ili ndi 1598 cm³. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chipinda choyaka moto, injini imatha kupanga mphamvu zambiri - mpaka 150 hp. Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu kunasonyezedwa mukugwiritsa ntchito mafuta - injini yoyaka mkati imadya kuchokera ku 6,9 mpaka 8,3 malita pa 100 km. Mphamvu yamagetsi idakhazikitsidwanso pamitundu ina ya Mazda kuyambira 2007.
• ZL-DE - wagawo mphamvu waikidwa pa magalimoto ena a m'badwo chisanu ndi chinayi (Mazda 323, dzina lomaliza ndi ngolo). Voliyumu yake ndi 1498 cm³. Injini ya ma valve khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi ili ndi ma camshaft awiri, masilinda anayi opangidwa motsatira. Silinda iliyonse imakhala ndi ma valve awiri olowera komanso awiri otulutsa mpweya. Muzonse, pang'ono otsika mayunitsi mndandanda HR: mphamvu pazipita - 110 HP, koma mafuta ndi malita 5,8-9,5 pa 100 Km.

• ZL-VE ndiye injini yachiwiri yomwe inali ndi magalimoto amtundu wachisanu ndi chinayi. Poyerekeza ndi mtundu wa ZL-DE, imapambana kwambiri potengera mphamvu, yomwe ndi 130 hp. ndi mafuta - 6,8 malita okha pa 100 Km. Galimoto ya ZL-VE idayikidwa pa Mazda Surname ndi Mazda Cars kuyambira 1998 mpaka 2004.
• FS-ZE - mwa zitsanzo zonse pamwambapa, injini ili ndi magawo olimba kwambiri. Voliyumu ndi 1991 cm³, ndipo mphamvu yayikulu ndi 170 hp. Chigawo chamagetsi ichi chili ndi makina oyaka osakanikirana osakanikirana. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamafuta kumadalira kwambiri kayendetsedwe ka galimoto ndipo kumachokera ku malita 4,7 mpaka 10,7 pa kilomita 100. Izi injini kuyaka mkati chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa magalimoto a m'badwo wachisanu ndi chinayi - anaikidwa pa Mazda Surname ndi galimoto, Mazda Primacy, Mazda 626, Mazda Capella.
• QG13DE ndi injini yachidule ya subcompact yomwe idatenga udindo wotsogola pakati pa oyendetsa ndalama panthawiyo. Mphamvu ya injini ndi 1295 cm³, mafuta osachepera 3,8 malita pa 100 Km. Pa liwiro lalikulu, kumwa kumakwera malita 7,1 pa 100 km. Mphamvu ya unit mphamvu ndi pazipita 90 hp.
• QG15DE - Injini ya QG15DE yakhala mpikisano woyenera ku mtundu wakale. Okonza, poonjezera voliyumu 1497 cm³, adatha kukwaniritsa mphamvu ya 109 hp, ndipo mafuta asintha pang'ono (malita 3,9-7 pa 100 km).
• QG18DE - QG mndandanda injini, mu mzere, yamphamvu anayi, sikisitini vavu. Mofanana ndi ma analogue am'mbuyomu - kuziziritsa kwamadzimadzi. Voliyumu ndi 1769 cm³, mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ndi 125 hp. Mafuta amafuta apakati pa 3,8km amamwa malita 9,1-100.
• QG18DEN - mosiyana ndi mnzake wakale, injini iyi ndiyapadera chifukwa imayendera gasi. Anatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha mtengo wamtengo wapatali wamafuta owonjezera mafuta. Voliyumu yogwira ntchito ya masilindala onse anayi ndi 1769 cm³, mphamvu yayikulu ndi 105 hp. mafuta anali 5,8 pa 100 makilomita.

Ma injini onse a QG adayikidwa pamagalimoto odziwika a mazda kuyambira 1999 mpaka 2008.

Ndi injini iti yomwe ili bwino kusankha galimoto

Posankha galimoto, makhalidwe a galimoto amatenga mbali yaikulu. Palibe yankho limodzi lomwe lingakhutiritse eni magalimoto ambiri. Wopanga amayesa kutengera ogula ndikuyambitsa pamsika magalimoto omwe amakwaniritsa zosowa za ambiri.

Posankha mtima wa galimoto, mfundo zotsatirazi ndi zofunika:

1. Kuchita bwino kwa injini - ndikukwera kosalekeza kwamitengo yamafuta, magalimoto ang'onoang'ono akukhala otchuka kwambiri. Wogula wamakono akukhala wanzeru, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa ndi nthawi yodziwika posankha galimoto.
2. Mphamvu - ziribe kanthu momwe tingayesere kukhala ndi mphamvu, chiwerengero cha akavalo pansi pa hood ndichofunika kwambiri. Ndipo chikhumbo ichi ndi chachilengedwe - si aliyense amene amafuna kukoka galimoto pamsewu waukulu, ndipo akamadutsa, "amakankhira" kavalo wawo wachitsulo m'maganizo.

Sitiyenera kunyalanyaza mfundo yakuti kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi sikuima chilili. Ngakhale lero, opanga magalimoto amatipatsa yankho lapadera - injini zachuma zopanda mphamvu zochepa. Zofunikira kwambiri ndi magalimoto okhala ndi injini zotsatirazi:

1. HR15DE - kutengera ndemanga za eni galimoto ndi injini iyi, ngati "sikusewera mozungulira" ndi pedal mpweya, mukhoza kupulumutsa kwambiri pa mafuta, ndi mphamvu kuposa 100 HP. zikuthandizani kuti mukhale olimba mtima panjirayo ngakhale mutayatsa zoziziritsa kukhosi.
2. ZL-DE - mphamvu iyi imagweranso pansi pa lamulo lathu la "golide". Kuchita bwino kwambiri kumaphatikizidwa ndi zizindikiro zamphamvu zokwanira.
3. QG18DEN - injini ya gasi imakupatsani mwayi wopulumutsa mafuta. Ngati mulibe vuto ndi malo opangira mafuta, kugula galimoto ndi injini iyi ndi njira yabwino yothetsera.
4. FS-ZE - kwa mafani okwera mwamphamvu, njirayi idzakhala yabwino kwambiri. Kumwa kwakukulu ndi malita 10,7 pa 100 km. Koma ndi mphamvu yotereyi, ambiri a "anthu a m'kalasi" amadya mafuta ambiri.