Chevrolet Niva injini

Malinga ndi gulu la Chevrolet Niva, ndi ma SUV compact. Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri amakulolani kuyendetsa galimoto mumtundu uliwonse, ngakhale zovuta kwambiri. Choncho, chitsanzo chakhala chodziwika kwambiri m'dziko lathu. Tiyeni tiwone mbali za galimotoyi, komanso mitundu yonse ya injini yomwe idayikidwa pagalimoto.

lachitsanzo

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, chitsanzo chatsopano chinawonetsedwa pa Moscow Motor Show mu 1998, ankaganiza kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa mndandanda kudzachitika chaka chomwecho. Koma, vutoli silinalole wopanga kuti ayambe kupanga. Zotsatira zake, msonkhano waung'ono unayamba mu 2001, ndipo kupanga kwathunthu kunayamba mu 2002, kukonza mgwirizano ndi General Motors.

Poyamba zinkaganiziridwa kuti chitsanzo ichi chidzalowa m'malo mwa Niva wamba, koma pamapeto pake zitsanzo zonse ziwiri zinayamba kupangidwa mofanana. Komanso, "Chevrolet Niva" anatenga gawo mtengo kwambiri.

Amapangidwa nthawi zonse pachomera ku Togliatti. Iyi ndiye nsanja yoyambira ya AvtoVAZ. Zambiri mwazigawozi zimapangidwa pano. Ndi injini ya Z18XE yokhayo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mtundu wagalimoto yotsogola idachokera kunja. Adagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 2009. Injini iyi idapangidwa ku fakitale ya injini ya Szentgotthard.

Malonda a injini

Poyamba, pa Chevrolet Niva anaika injini awiri, malinga ndi kusinthidwa - Z18XE ndi Vaz-2123. Pambuyo restyling yekha injini zoweta VAZ-2123 anatsala. Pa tebulo ili m'munsimu mukhoza kuona zizindikiro zazikulu za injini zoyaka zamkati.

khalidwe	VAZ-2123	Z18XE
Kusamutsidwa kwa injini, masentimita masentimita	1690	1796
Torque yayikulu, N*m (kg*m) pa rev. /min	Zamgululi. 127 (13) / 4000 Zamgululi. 128 (13) / 4000	Zamgululi. 165 (17) / 4600 Zamgululi. 167 (17) / 3800 Zamgululi. 170 (17) / 3800
Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp	80	122 - 125
Mphamvu zazikulu, hp (kW) pafupifupi. /min	Zamgululi. 80 (59) / 5000	Zamgululi. 122 (90) / 5600 Zamgululi. 122 (90) / 6000 Zamgululi. 125 (92) / 3800 Zamgululi. 125 (92) / 5600 Zamgululi. 125 (92) / 6000
Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito	Mafuta AI-92	Mafuta AI-92 Mafuta AI-95
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, l / 100 km	10.09.2018	7.9 - 10.1
mtundu wa injini	Okhala pakati, 4-yamphamvu	Okhala pakati, 4-yamphamvu
Cylinder awiri, mm	82	80.5
Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse	2	4
Onjezani. zambiri za injini	jekeseni wamafuta ambiri	jekeseni wamafuta ambiri
Pisitoni sitiroko, mm	80	88.2
Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana	9.3	10.5
Zowonjezera	No	No
Kutulutsa kwa CO2 mu g / km	238	185 - 211
Chida cha injini chikwi chikwi.	150-200	250-300

Nthawi zambiri madalaivala ali ndi chidwi ndi malo a injini nambala. Tsopano sikofunikira kulembetsa galimoto, koma pochita nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kutsata kwake. Pa Z18XE ndizosavuta kuzipeza, zili pamtunda wa injini pafupi ndi poyang'ana. Amapangidwa ndi laser engraving.

Pa Vaz-2123 chizindikiro ndi pakati 3 ndi 4 yamphamvu. Ikhoza kuganiziridwa popanda mavuto ngati kuli kofunikira.

Chonde dziwani kuti nthawi zambiri chipindacho chimakhala ndi dzimbiri. Choncho, mutagula galimoto kuchokera pamanja, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwone ubwino wa nambala ya nambala, ngati kuli kofunikira, imatsukidwa. Kuti muteteze chizindikiro, ingopakani pad ndi mafuta kapena lithol.

Zinthu Zogwira Ntchito

Kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi akugwira ntchito motalika komanso opanda vuto, ayenera kuthandizidwa mosamala kwambiri komanso moyenera. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti musalole injini kuti igwire ntchito mopambanitsa.

Poyamba, tiyeni tione injini Vaz-2123, ndi kusinthidwa Baibulo wagawo mphamvu anaikidwa pa "Tingachipeze powerenga Niva". Kusiyana kwakukulu kuli motere.

• Pali zomangira zowonjezera zoyika zida zowonjezera.
• Zosefera zamafuta sizimapindika mwachindunji mu block, zomwe zinali zofananira ndi injini zonse za VAZ, koma zimakhala ndi choyikapo chapakatikati. Choyika ichi chimatchedwa bulaketi yapampu yamafuta. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pampu yoyendetsera mphamvu imamangiriridwa kwa iyo.
• Ndinasintha pang'ono mutu wa silinda. Amapangidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito INA hydraulic bearings.
• Pampu yatsopano idagwiritsidwa ntchito, imalembedwa 2123. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito chodzigudubuza chonyamula m'malo mwa mpira.
• Phala linasinthidwa, bokosi la gearbox lakutsogolo silimangiriridwanso.
• Ntchito njanji yamafuta 2123-1144010-11.

Injini ya Z18XE yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto. Pali zosintha zingapo zagawo lamagetsi. Niva yomwe idayikidwa pa Chevrolet inali ndi izi.

• Electronic throttle. Izi zinapangitsa kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino mafuta.
• Ma probe awiri a lambda adapangidwa muzowonjezera zatsopano nthawi imodzi.

Zotsatira zake ndi injini yoyambirira yokhala ndi zokonda zosangalatsa. Chifukwa cha zoikamo, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa kusintha kwina kwa mphamvu ndi kuyankha kwamphamvu.

Ntchito

Kuti mukwaniritse moyo wautali wautumiki, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa bwino injini. Choyamba, ndi bwino kukumbukira kufunika kwa nthawi yake m'malo mafuta injini. Ndibwino kuti tigwire ntchitoyi pamtunda wa makilomita 15 aliwonse. Chigawo chilichonse chachiwiri chiyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kuwotcha. Malingaliro awa akugwira ntchito pama injini onse awiri.

M'pofunikanso kusankha mafuta oyenera. Zopangira zokha ziyenera kutsanuliridwa mu injini ya Z18XE, zosankha zabwino zingakhale:

• 0W-30;
• 0W-40;
• 5W-30;
• 5W-40;
• 5W-50;
• 10W-40;
• 15W-40.

Padzafunika pafupifupi malita 4,5.

2123 malita mafuta anatsanuliridwa mu injini Vaz-3,75, ndi mulingo woyenera kwambiri ntchito synthetics. Kwa magawo ena, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta omwewo ngati injini yomwe tafotokozazi.

Injini ya VAZ-2123 ili ndi nthawi yoyendetsa. Zotsatira zake, sizisintha kawirikawiri. Wapakati moyo utumiki pakati m'malo ndi 150 zikwi makilomita. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, wopanga samayendetsa nthawi yosinthira. Chilichonse chimatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro za vuto, choyamba tikukamba za phokoso la injini yowonjezera, makamaka pamene tikupeza kapena kuchepetsa.

Galimoto ya Z18XE imayendetsedwa ndi lamba. Malinga ndi zomwe wopanga amapanga, ziyenera kusinthidwa pa mtunda wa makilomita 60 zikwi. Ndipo malinga ndi zomwe adakumana nazo oyendetsa galimoto, ndi bwino kuchita izi pambuyo pa 45-50 zikwi, popeza pali chiopsezo chopuma. Pankhaniyi, mudzapeza ma valve opindika.

malfunctions

Nthawi zambiri, madalaivala amadandaula za khalidwe ndi kudalirika kwa Chevrolet Niva ICE. Ndipotu, pali mavuto okwanira pano, ndipo choyamba tikukamba za zolakwika zamakono. Zinanenedwa kale kuti madalaivala amatha kukhala ndi lamba wosweka pa Z18XE, pomwe ma valve amapindika pamenepo. Izi zimabweretsa kufunikira kokonzanso kwakukulu.

Mavuto amathanso kupangidwa ndi nthawi yoyendetsa nthawi, yomwe ili ndi mphamvu yapakhomo. A hydraulic tensioner amaikidwa pamenepo, amatha kulephera kale pakuyenda kwa 50 zikwi. Ngati simusamala izi munthawi yake, unyolo umalumpha. Chifukwa chake, timapeza ma valve owonongeka.

Komanso pa VAZ-2123 akhoza kulephera lifters hayidiroliki. Izi zimabweretsa kugunda kwa valve ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Vuto linanso lokhazikika la injini yaku Russia ndi kuchucha kosalekeza. Mafuta amatha kuchoka pansi pa gaskets iliyonse, yomwe si yabwino kwambiri.

Ma injini onsewa ali ndi vuto lofanana ndi ma module oyaka moto. Nthawi zambiri amalephera pa kuthamanga kwa 100-120 zikwi. Chizindikiro choyamba cha kuwonongeka angatchedwe katatu wa galimoto.

Injini ya Z18XE imadziwika ndi kulephera kwa unit control. Nthawi zambiri pankhaniyi, pamakhala zovuta zingapo pakugwira ntchito kwa injini. Komanso, ECU ikhoza kutulutsa zolakwika kuchokera ku masensa osiyanasiyana, ndipo zidzasintha pambuyo pa kukonzanso kulikonse. Makina osazindikira nthawi zambiri amadutsa mu injini yonse mpaka atafika pachomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka. Kuthamanga koyandama kungathenso kuchitika, makamaka pa liwiro lotsika, chifukwa chake ndi kuipitsidwa kwa throttle.

Mwayi wokonza

Kuwongolera kwa chip kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pama injini onse awiri. Pankhaniyi, ndikuwunikira, mutha kupeza 15-20 hp yowonjezera. Choyipa chachikulu cha kukonzanso koteroko ndikuchepetsa moyo wa injini. Chifukwa ndi magawo osinthika omwe ma node a injini yoyaka mkati sanapangidwe. Ubwino waukulu wa chipping ndi kuthekera kokonza zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa zanu. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuwonjezera kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, kapena kusintha mphamvu. Iyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo komanso yosavuta yomwe oyendetsa galimoto amapeza.

Pa injini ya Z18XE, njira yabwino ndikusinthira utsi wambiri. Zingakhale zabwino kwambiri kukhazikitsa makina otulutsa otulutsa mwachindunji. Pano mudzafunikanso kusintha makonzedwe a ECU kuti unit isapereke cholakwika chothandizira.

Injini ya Z18XE sichimayankha bwino m'malo mwa camshaft ndi bore za silinda. Ntchitoyi ndi yokwera mtengo, ndipo pafupifupi sapereka kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu. Akatswiri okonza makina samalimbikitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kotereku.

Vaz-2123 bwino kwambiri m'malo zigawo zikuluzikulu. Kuyika crankshaft yokhala ndi manja amfupi kumathandizira kuchepetsa kukwapula kwa pistoni. Ngati ndodo zolumikizira zofupikitsidwa zikuwonjezedwa pakukonzanso uku, voliyumu imatha kuonjezedwa mpaka malita 1,9. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yopangira magetsi idzawonjezekanso.

Pa Vaz-2123 liners yamphamvu akhoza wotopetsa popanda mavuto. Kuchuluka kwa block block kumakupatsani mwayi womaliza popanda zotsatira zosasangalatsa. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kunyamula mavavu ndikuyika ena kuchokera pamasewera a injini. Zonsezi, izi zimapereka kuwonjezera kwabwino kwa mphamvu ya mphamvu yamagetsi.

Nthawi zina madalaivala amaperekedwa kuti akhazikitse turbine yomwe siili yovomerezeka. Apa muyenera kuyang'ana injini yomwe ili pagalimoto yanu. Ngati anaika Vaz-2123, chopangira magetsi akhoza ndipo ayenera kuikidwa. Izi zichepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta komanso kuwonjezera mphamvu ndi pafupifupi 30%. Ngati Z18XE ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, palibe chifukwa choyika makina opangira magetsi. Kuwongolera koteroko sikuli kothandiza kwambiri, komanso kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndizothandiza kwambiri komanso zodalirika kupanga makina osinthira injini.

SINTHA

Imodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino yakusintha ndi SWAP. Pankhaniyi, injini yosagwira bwino ntchito imangosinthidwa ndi ina, yoyenera kwambiri. Pali zambiri zomwe mungasankhe pakuwongolera koteroko. Choyamba, m'pofunika kusankha chimene mukufuna ndi injini ndi muyezo. Ngati injini ya VAZ yaikidwa, mukhoza kuyesa kukhazikitsa Z18XE, momwemo mudzapeza kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi 40 HP. ndipo simuyenera kuchitanso chilichonse. Chabwino, ngati cheke chasinthidwa.

Komanso, nthawi zambiri madalaivala kukhazikitsa VAZ 21126, amene mwadzina lakonzedwa kuti "Priora". Zotsatira zake, mudzapeza gwero lalikulu, komanso mphamvu yowonjezera pang'ono. Pakuyika, muyenera kusintha mawonekedwe otulutsa, amayikidwa pa gasket wandiweyani wa 2-3 cm, ndiye kuti mathalauza sangakumane ndi membala wambali.

anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti anakonza kumasula Baibulo dizilo "Chevrolet Niva". Amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito injini yopangidwa ndi Peugeot - XUD 9 SD. Ndi pafupifupi yabwino kwa shnivy. Kuyiyika, palibe zosintha zomwe zimafunikira konse, kuwala kokha kwa ECU, komabe injini ndi dizilo.

Kwa magalimoto okhala ndi Z18XE, malingaliro omwewo ndi abwino ngati gawo la VAZ. Chenjezo lokhalo ndi turbocharging. Chowonadi ndi chakuti injini iyi idapangidwa kale ndipo idagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Opel. Kwa magalimoto aku Germany panali njira yokhala ndi turbine. Apa ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya injini ndi kuyankha kwamphamvu. Palibe zosintha zina kupatula kusintha kwa ECU komwe kumafunikira.

Njira yodziwika kwambiri

Nthawi zambiri pamisewu yathu pali Chevrolet Niva ndi injini Vaz-2123. Chifukwa chake ndi chosavuta, mtundu wa injini ya Opel sunapangidwe kuyambira 2009. Panthawi imeneyi, injini VAZ pafupifupi kwathunthu m'malo mwa zombo.

Kusintha komwe kuli bwinoko

Sitingathe kunena mosakayikira kuti ndi injini iti yomwe ili yodalirika komanso yabwino. Zambiri zimatengera momwe mumayendetsera galimoto. Kwa mikhalidwe yakutawuni, Z18XE ndiyoyenera, ndiyothandiza kwambiri pa phula. Vaz-2123 ali ndi liwiro m'munsi, amene ali bwino kwambiri panjira.

Ngati titenga kudalirika, magalimoto onsewa amawonongeka. Koma, Z18XE ili ndi zolakwika zazing'ono zomwe zimawononga moyo wa oyendetsa galimoto. Pa nthawi yomweyi, Vaz-2123 imadziwika bwino chifukwa cha zovuta zazing'ono ndi kutayikira, kulephera kwa sensa ndi zofooka zina.